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Present report deals with the effect of increasing levels (0-300 mM) of MgCl2 salt on sorghum cultivars, Phule Vasudha and Phule Revati. Although MgCl2 stress did not show considerable adverse effects on germination, however, at higher (>200 mM) concentrations, the seedlings turned brown and did not showed any further growth, with comparably higher magnitude of negative effects on Phule Revati than Phule Vasudha. Overall, increasing MgCl2 stress reduced plant growth and biomass production significantly in both the cultivars, though with lesser extent in Phule Vsudha as compared to Phule Rvati. Contrasting behavior was evidenced in both the cultivars in terms of protein content under varying levels of MgCl2 concentration at vegetative growth level, where salinity induced reduction in protein content was higher in Phule Revati than Phule Vasudha. The genotype Phule Vasudha showed higher proline content under non-saline condition. MgCl2 stress-induced proline accumulation was observed in both the sorghum cultivars, however, interestingly, Phule Revati (439% of control plants) showed comparably higher proline content than Phule Vasudha (324% of control plants) at the highest (300 mM) level of stress. Even though, malondialdehyde (MDA: lipid peroxidation indicator) content was on higher side under non-saline conditions in cultivar Phule Vasudha as compared to cultivar Phule Revati, however the rate of increase in MDA with increasing salt stress was much higher in the latter cultivar, indicating the comparably higher level of lipid peroxidation under the influence of MgCl2 stress. The salt tolerance nature of Phule Vasudha was positively correlated with its better performance in terms of physiological and biochemical parameters.

Purpose: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of reverse meridional cyclodialysis (RMC) ab interno with implantation of a metallic implant into the supraciliary space for decreasing intraocular pressure in glaucoma patients., Material and Methods: RMC was performed ab interno in 51 patients, among which 30 patients had a metallic implant inserted into the supraciliary space (implant group). Twenty-one patients who underwent RMC ab interno without implant comprised the control group. The outcomes were evaluated after 12 months. RMC was performed through a clear corneal incision using a special spatula at 4-5 o'clock reaching 5-6 mm deep, width of the cleft was 11-12 o of the iridocorneal angle. The evaluation criteria included adverse events, postoperative IOP changes, need for hypotensive medications and repeat surgery. The results were analyzed using variational statistics., Results: Baseline mean IOP was 28.8±4.7 mmHg and 30.2±7.2 mmHg in implant and control groups, respectively, and at 12 months it decreased by 28.7±12.0% and 29.1±17.1%. Baseline mean medication usage was 2.7±0.8 and 2.6±0.9 in respective groups, at 12 months it decreased to 1.1±0.9 and 0.8±0.9. In the implant group, overall success was achieved in 93.3% of cases (complete success - 33.3%, partial success - 60.0%), while in the control group it was 66.7% (complete success - 28.6%, partial success - 38.1%) (p=0.03). In terms of IOP decrease, medication usage and adverse events the difference between the groups was statistically insignificant. Repeat surgery was required 5 times more frequently in the control group (33.3% vs 6.7%, p=3E-05)., Conclusion: Implantation of a metallic implant into the supraciliary space to keep the cyclodialysis cleft open is safe and effective and substantially decreases the need for repeat surgery.

The effect of nootropic drug citicoline on visual functions, perimetric indexes of static automated perimetry, morphometric characteristics of retinal tomography and life quality of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) stage I-III and normalized intraocular pressure (IOP) was studied. 40 patients aged 46-78 years old with POAG stage I-III and normalized IOP were treated with citicoline. Among them there were 24 female and 16 male. The patients were divided into 2 equal groups--experimental and control. Patients of both groups were treated with intravenous citicoline for 10 days. The dose of citicoline in experimental group was 1000 mg/day, in control--500 mg/day. After treatment in both groups visual functions, perimetric indexes of static automated perimetry, morphometric characteristics of retinal tomography and life quality showed improvement. Citicoline has significant neuroprotective effect preventing apoptosis.