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Data about clinical signs, diagnostics and treatment of hereditary autoinflammatory syndromes, e.g. cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome (CAPS), familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), TNF-receptor associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS-syndrome), hyperimmunoglobulinemia D syndrome (HIDS), Pyogenic Sterile Arthritis, Pyoderma Gangrenosum and Acne (PAPA) syndrome, juvenile sarcoidosis (Blau-syndrome) are shown in the article. These diseases are typically genetic disease with autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive type of inheritance. All diseases have common pathogenic features, such as spontaneous activation of innate immunity, maintaining of uncontrolled inflammation, absence of auto-antibodies and antigen-specific T-lymphocytes, over-secretion of interleukin-1 and good response to anti-interleukin-1 treatment. In this article you can see the basis of pathogenesis of the diseases, which determine the choice of treatment modalities and diagnostic algorhythms. Differences between clinical phenotypes of cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome, such as familial cold urticaria (FCAS), Muckle-Wells syndrome and CINCA / NOMID syndrome are described thoroughly. You can find information about the whole group of periodic fevers and their differentiation. Data about international project «EuroFever» which can facilitate international collaboration in the fields of periodic fever are available.

Cryopyrin associated periodic syndrome (CAPS) can be represented by various clinical variants of disease course with different severity of clinical manifestations — from mild to severe (FCAS, MWS, NOMID/CINCA). They are caused by mutations of NLRP3 gene, encoding cryopyrin. Mutations of cryopyrin gene in humans lead to excessive and accelerated production of interleukin 1b. The key role of cryopyrin in massive secretion of active form of interleukin 1b suggested the possibility of treatment aimed against this cytokine.