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Creating a method to determine the variable composition and the energy content (enthalpy) of gaseous fuel during its combustion. Time of definition composition should little depend on a number of components included in it. Instruments used for this should be included in the regular structure serviced equipment. Based on the known methods for determining the composition of the combustion products and their temperature at a given fuel composition and its enthalpy (direct problem) constructed a solution to determine the composition of fuel and its enthalpy (inverse problem) based on the technological parameters (temperature of the combustion products and the fuel and oxidizer consumption) which can be measured in the combustion process. Based on the proposed method a model and algorithm were developed for solving the inverse task. In order to test their ability to work a number of tasks were solved in the direct combustion of methane, ethane, ethylene and their mixture in air. Obtained results were compared with known data on the composition and temperature of the combustion products. On this basis, for solving the inverse problem output data were generated that simulate measurements of process parameters. The decision of the inverse task was achieved. Found fuel composition and its enthalpy were compared with known values. A method and solution algorithm to determine the composition and enthalpy of gaseous fuel during the combustion in air were developed. The solution stability of this problem was shown. The adequacy of the results to output data was get by solving direct and inverse tasks. The proposed method and algorithm can serve as a basis for the development of automated complex to determine the composition of gaseous fuel during its combustion. Obtained with the their help the data, in turn, can be used for automatic operational setting device for changing the burner during the fuel combustion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering a VVER-1000 fuel assembly averaged fuel element (FE), based on the accepted FE cladding damage limit value, the FE cladding failure probability was determined, thus the possibility of this reliability prediction by means of controlling the factors determining the FE properties has been proved. The appropriateness of innovation development of the automated program-technical complex controlling the FE properties at VVER design and operation stages, lowering the FE cladding failure probability and, at the same time, increasing the VVER operation economic efficiency, has been proved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A case of chronic granulomatosis is reported. Its clinical manifestations were affection of the urinary tract with pseudotumors of the urinary bladder and ureteral obstruction. Recommendations for treatment of similar diseases are presented.