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The paper characterizes the specific features of the anatomy and physiology of the hip joint, the clinical presentation of coxarthrosis and presents current methods for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. It gives the results of a trial evaluating the impact of long-term (one-year) theraflex therapy on the symptoms of hip osteoarthrosis.

The paper presents the results of studying the impact of long-term treatment with theraflex (a 3-year follow-up) or alflutop (a 5-year follow-up) in patients with knee osteoarthosis. Both drugs have been shown to exert a positive effect on the symptoms of the disease. It has been concluded that theraflex affects more actively the pathogenic mechanisms in the progression of gonarthrosis.

The paper presents the results of studying the impact of long-term treatment with theraflex (a 3-year follow-up) or alflutop (a 5-year follow-up) in patients with knee osteoarthosis. Both drugs have been shown to exert a positive effect on the symptoms of the disease. It has been concluded that theraflex affects more actively the pathogenic mechanisms in the progression of gonarthrosis.

The paper considers basic current methods for the diagnosis of knee osteoarthrosis. It gives for the first time data on the impact of long-term theraflex therapy (a 3-year follow-up) on the progression of knee joint structural changes (X-ray joint space narrowing, osteophytosis) in patients with gonarthrosis.

Two hundred and forty-four outpatients with gonarthrosis were examined. The time course of arthrosonographic (the height of the articular cartilage, the volume of intraarticular effusion, the width of the joint cleft, and the degree of osteophytosis) changes were estimated during longterm Teraflex therapy and in control patients. The long-term (3-year) Teraflex therapy was shown to have a restraining impact on the processes of articular cartilage degradation and the progression of articular structural changes and to exert an anti-inflammatory effect.

Aim: to evaluate the impact of long-term Teraflex therapy on symptoms and quality of life in patients with early stages of gonarthrosis (GA) during a 3-year follow-up. Subjects and methods. Two hundred and forty-four outpatients were examined. A study group included 104 patients who were given Teraflex from the moment of their inclusion into the study. One hundred and forty patients treated with diclofenac formed a control group. The time course of changes in clinical parameters (the Lequesne index, WOMAC index, and walking and rest visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores) and quality of life were estimated in patients in long Teraflex-treated and control patients. Long-term Teraflex therapy showed a positive effect on the symptoms of the disease. There were positive changes in all clinical parameters just months after daily use of the drug. The significance of the difference between VAS pain scores, the Lequesne index, WOMAC index, and baseline values remained following 1, 2, and 3 years of the follow-up. That between the baseline value and all the clinical parameters remained only for VAS pain scores in the control group just after 2 years of therapy. Three years following therapy, the values of all clinical parameters became close to the baseline values. Long-term therapy with repeated courses of Teraflex had a positive impact on the quality of life indices of all SF-36 scales. The most significant increase in the indices versus the baseline values was noted at 1- and 2-year follow-up and for a number of parameters at 3-year follow-up. Conclusion. Long-term Teraflex therapy used in early stages of GA was effective against the symptoms of the disease and improved the quality of life in the patients.

Aim: to evaluate the impact of long-term Teraflex therapy on symptoms and quality of life in patients with early stages of gonarthrosis (GA) during a 3-year follow-up. Subjects and methods. Two hundred and forty-four outpatients were examined. A study group included 104 patients who were given Teraflex from the moment of their inclusion into the study. One hundred and forty patients treated with diclofenac formed a control group. The time course of changes in clinical parameters (the Lequesne index, WOMAC index, and walking and rest visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores) and quality of life were estimated in patients in long Teraflex-treated and control patients. Long-term Teraflex therapy showed a positive effect on the symptoms of the disease. There were positive changes in all clinical parameters just months after daily use of the drug. The significance of the difference between VAS pain scores, the Lequesne index, WOMAC index, and baseline values remained following 1, 2, and 3 years of the follow-up. That between the baseline value and all the clinical parameters remained only for VAS pain scores in the control group just after 2 years of therapy. Three years following therapy, the values of all clinical parameters became close to the baseline values. Long-term therapy with repeated courses of Teraflex had a positive impact on the quality of life indices of all SF-36 scales. The most significant increase in the indices versus the baseline values was noted at 1- and 2-year follow-up and for a number of parameters at 3-year follow-up. Conclusion. Long-term Teraflex therapy used in early stages of GA was effective against the symptoms of the disease and improved the quality of life in the patients.

Aim. To provide rationale for early basic therapy in patients with gonarthrosis. Subjects and methods. Three hundred and eight female and male patients with early stages of gonarthrosis and 50 healthy individuals were examined. Clinical, X-ray, and arthrosonographic studies were performed; the levels of interleukin (IL) 1β, IL-1B receptor antagonist, and IL-6 were measured and quality of life was assessed. Results. The findings have led to the conclusion that the early stages of gonarthrosis are characterized by significant clinical symptomatology and lower femur condylar cartilage height; synovitis is frequently revealed by arthrosonography; there is IL-1β hyperproduction; the quality of life in the patients is worse than that in the healthy individuals from the control group. Conclusion. Therapy aimed at alleviating the symptoms of gonarthrosis and local inflammation and reducing the rate of articular cartilage degradation and X-ray progression of the disease should be initiated at the earliest, including pre-X-ray, stages of the pathological process.

The article is devoted to the comparative analysis of phraseological units characterizing envious person in English, Russian and the Slovak languages. The research from the comparative aspect has shown that the units under investigation are frequent in three proverbial systems. Besides, several examples are given from each language. Semantic structure and figurative base of these phraseological units are viewed in close connection with the extralinguistic, social and cultural factors.