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Because of the spread to different anatomical regions, craniofacial tumors (CFTs) usually receive blood supply from several arterial systems, and CFT removal is often accompanied by abundant blood loss., Purpose: The study purpose was to develop an algorithm of diagnostic angiography for planning surgical treatment of CFT patients., Material and Methods: Complex preoperative angiography was performed in 72 patients with craniofacial tumors, aged 10 to 78 years (mean age, 45.5 years), who underwent surgical treatment at the Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute in the period from 2012 to 2015. At the first stage, blood supply to tumors was quantified using SCT perfusion. Then, depending on an assessed degree of tumor vascularization, direct angiography or modern minimally invasive angiographic techniques (3D TOF HR MR angiography, SCT angiography) were applied., Results: In 12 cases of hypervascular tumors, accessible afferents were preoperatively embolized through the external carotid artery, which was accompanied by an increase in the blood supply to tumors via alternative routes of the external and internal carotid arteries. The obtained data were used to plan the surgical approach. A comparative analysis of the SCT perfusion data and the expression level of endothelial markers in histological specimens revealed no significant correlation., Conclusion: The study demonstrated the importance of a comprehensive assessment of the blood supply to CFTs in planning of the surgical treatment and enabled the development of algorithms for preoperative angiographic diagnosis, depending on the baseline clinical and radiological data.

Currently there is no consensus how to reduce the risk of hemorrhage in spinal decompression surgery of hypervascu- lar spinal tumors. A retrospective study of 128 patients oper- ated in our institute was held in the period between 2003 and 2014. There were 80 male and 48 female patients with extradural hypervascular spinal tumor. The study included 71 patients with metastases of renal cell carcinoma, 28 - with multiple myeloma, 18 - with plasmacytoma and 11 - with aggressive hemangioma. The first group included 59 patients who underwent preoperative tumor embolization. The second group consisted of 69 patients who were treated surgically using intraoperative local hemostatic agents. We performed 2 types of treatment options: palliative decompression and total spondylectomy. We did not get evidence that embolization was more effective than using local hemostatic agents for patients with hypervascular spinal tumors who underwent palliative decompression. In the same time efficiency of embolization for patients with total spondylectomy was significantly higher.

In the recent years a considerable number of different studies devoted to craniopharyngioma morphology were performed. There are more than 35 factors known up to date that could be related to the craniopharyngioma growth (Ki-67, p53, beta-catenin, p63, Retinoid acid receptors, Galectin-3, MIF, MVD, CK et al.). Despite the such a variety of factors, none of them, except for the Ki-67, strongly correlates with the risk of tumour recurrence and none can be associated with a particular tumour type. Most studies, by the way, focused on a very small number of factors and were performed in relatively small groups of patients. Most publications are devoted to the Ki-67, beta-catenin and p53 studies, and the highest number of patients enrolled to the study was 67. This survey made an attempt to review the literature on the craniopharyngioma biology and to identify further areas of research to obtain data that could affect the choice of treatment and outcome in this complex disease.

Was closely studied the material of 28 extracted chemodectomas. On the basis of modern methods of morphological investigation (histological, electronic-microscopic methods) were ascertained criterions of their malignant nature; for the first time was described the phenomenon of vessels overgrowing.

Survival rates were studied in 57 patients with primary liver carcinoma (including 32 with hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC] and 25 with cholangiocellular carcinoma [CCC] in relation to the histological type of a tumor and its microcirculatory bed. In all the patients, tumor resection was performed, followed by chemoemlolization of the liver. The development of tumor microvessels was assessed by the sum of their perimeters. If the size of a vessel was higher than its median, overall survival was 19.3 months, if the size was lower, it was increased by an average of 86.7 months. In patients with CCC, survival did not depend on tumor angiogenesis and it averaged 19.7 months.

The authors analyze the results of comprehensive clinical and immunologic examinations of 52 patients with this condition (SNVM) in its active and inactive phases, angiographically confirmed, aged 19 to 46; 32 of these were women (61.5%), 20 (38.4%) men. A complex of immunologic methods was employed to reveal the etiology of the condition and the immune status of SNMV patients. The origin of the condition was identified in 44.2% of patients; it was toxoplasmic in 19.2, autoimmune in 15.4, tuberculous in 7.7, and mixed toxoplasmic and tuberculous in 1.9% of cases. T lymphocyte functional activity was inhibited in 37.5% of patients with the exudative hemorrhagic phase of SNMV and in 16.7% of those in the cicatrization phase. Changes in the humoral immunity presenting as gammapathies were detected in 34% of patients, those manifesting by hyperconcentrations of circulating immune complexes in 66.7%, and of cryoglobulins in 37.8% of patients. Krypton laser coagulation was employed in multiple-modality treatment of patients with SNMV. The remissions persisted for 3-5 years.