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The search for methods providing selective action on some subpopulations of immune system cells is an important task of oncologic immunology. Adaptive immunotherapy [AI] may create new options in this field. AI was used as adjuvant in combined therapy of 180 patients with ENT cancer. The response was confirmed by correction of some immunological, cytological, biochemical, immunochemical, radioimmunological, biophysical and rheological parameters. Practical guides are presented on AI use at different stages of combined treatment.

Both nasopharyngeal and tumors and epithelial cancer of topographically different sites of the mouth, laryngopharynx are shown to be associated in many cases with high immunity to virus Epstein-Barr (VEB) antigens. VEB-associated antibody quantitation in patients with laryngeal, laryngopharyngeal, oral and lingual cancer revealed that the malignant process dissemination and the tumor differentiation are related to immune response to VEB antigens: the more advanced is cancer and the poorer is its differentiation, the more pronounced is the immune response.

Present-day developments in oncological applications of laser therapy are adaptive laser immunotherapy (ALIT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT). ALIT (helium-neon laser) was used in 35 ENT-cancer patients to irradiate immunocompetent leukocytes isolated from blood in an Amino cell separator. The use of ALIT in the combined treatment of our patients improved their health condition. Cytological, immunochemical and immunological examinations of blood revealed an increased count of activated lymphocytes, normalization of acute-phase proteins, stimulation of cell-mediated immunity and nonspecific resistance. The pharmacokinetics and photodynamic activity of porphyrin compounds in mice with inoculated tumors were investigated. Experimental observations demonstrated that the application of photodynamic therapy of hematoporphyrins in ENT-oncology seems very promising.

Correction of the immune status is one of the burning problems of current otorhinolaryngology. Recent developments in immunology allow interference at the cellular level. However, otorhinolaryngological practice is still based on oral, parenteral or local use of ineffective drugs. This paper presents early results of the application of extracorporeal cytapheresis combined with the modulator treatment of lymphocytes for the surgical therapy of 25 patient with ENT malignant neoformations of different stage and localization. Leukocytapheresis, i. e. separation of leukocytes, was performed by means of an Aminco (USA) or FK-3,5 (USSR) cell separator and the separated cells were treated with diuciphone. This method yielded good results as suggested by immunological, immunochemical, biophysical, and cytological measurements of blood. The method seems promising for ENT-cancer therapy.