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Aim. Evaluation of influence of the stimulated regeneration abilities of myocardium with non-cellular allogenic material (NAM) on contractility restoration in experimental post-infarction remodelling.Material and methods. The experiment was done on the Wistar rodents with postinfarction cardiosclerosis (PICS), and PICS rodents post injection of the NAM at the moment of coronary artery stenosing. PICS was being formed during 45 days after coronary occlusion. The assessments were the formation and size of postinfarction scar of the left ventricle in rodents of different groups. Myocardial contractility was assessed by inotropic reaction of isolated papillary muscles on rest periods (4-60 s) with stimulation frequency 0,5 Hz, under conditions of perfusion with oxygnated Krebs-Henseleit solution.Results. PICS in the rodents after injection of NAM developed only in 56%, and in comparison group 100%. The size of the scar area was 22% smaller in NAM group (p

Background. The mitral valve complex of the human heart consists of: the fibrous annulus, valve leaflets, chordae tendineae and papillary muscles. Deficiency or degeneration one of these structures may result in the dysfunction of the valvular apparatus. Topography and structure of the chordae tendineae effect to the normal functioning of heart valve complex and its hemodynamics, due to the aim of our research was to examine the peculiarities of the structural organization normally located mitral valve chordae tendineae of the human heart. Methods. The investigation was made on sectional material. We used light microscopy and immunohistochemistry methods. Results. The chordae tendineae are cord-like tendons that connect the papillary muscles to the valve leaflets in the heart. The chordeae tendineae were covered by endocardium which contained superficial layer of endothelium. Subendocardial layer includes loosely located collagen and elastic fibers which were interwoven with each other. Cor of the chordae are composed of bundles of densely packed collagen fibrils with few elastic fibers. Conclusion. The investigations allowed to receive a new objective data on some structural peculiarities of chordae tendineae of the human mitral valve that later can become the basis for the differential diagnosis of disease, including valvular heart pathology. Citation: Fedonyuk LYa, Malyk YuYu. [Structural organization of normally located mitral valve chordae tendineae of the human heart]. Morphologia. 2014;8(3):61-6. Ukrainian.

Background. Despite the high prevalence of heart defects due attention is not given for investigation of morphometric parameters of papillary muscles and respective regions of ventricle wall at tetralogy of Fallot. Objective. To study the morphometric parameters of papillary muscles of atrioventricular valves, and the thickness of the ventricle walls at the base of papillary muscles in tetralogy of Fallot comparing with normal hearts. Methods. 27 samples of abnormal hearts with tetralogy of Fallot from 20 weeks of prenatal period up to 1 year after birth were investigated with methods of anatomical dissection and morphometry, in particular height, width and thickness of each papillary muscle were measured. Results. Tetralogy of Fallot was accompanied by increase in the thickness of right ventricle wall at the base of papillary muscles (р0,05). It was established that the height of papillary muscles did not depend on thickening of ventricles walls of heart. The thickening of the right ventricle wall of the heart in tetralogy of Fallot was accompanied by increase in width and thickness of papillary muscles of the right atrio-ventricular valve. Conclusion. Major changes in tetralogy of Fallot were exhibited in the thickening of papillary muscles and adjacent region of ventricle wall but were not in relation with the height of papillary muscles.

For the purpose of the definition of the features of anatomic reorganization of anterior ventricular heart walls inthe place of arise of papillary muscles at children with the full form of the transposition of the great vessels 31 specimenswith the given pathology from a birth till 11 months and 31 specimens of usually formed hearts of the same age group havebeen investigated. The distinguish features of abnormal hearts were: atrial and ventricular septal defects, patent ductus arteriosus.For reception of quantitative parameters of the object of the research - thickness of forward walls ventricles made themeasurement. The statistical analysis of the received data depending on age, type and quantity of communications is made.At a combination of a transposition with ventricular septal defect the thickening of right ventricular walls in the place of ariseof papillary muscles more often came to light. The transposition was accompanied by atrial septal defect, thinning of a leftventricular wall after 1 month was established. The transposition with patent ductus arteriosus and septal defects characterizedby thickening of wall of the right ventricle since 3 week. The combination of the transposition with ventricular and atrialseptal defects leads to the thickening of the wall of both ventricles.

Organometric and histometric characteristics of various parts of the heart have been performed in the yak, a permanent inhabitant at altitudes of 3,000-5,000 m above the sea level. Forty hearts of mature animals have been studied. Morphometric investigations of capillaries in the muscle fibers have been carried out in the atrial walls, in the right and left auriculae. in the ventricles and in the papillary muscles. The data are presented for each cardiac part: they describe diameters, density and volume of the capillary network and muscle fibers. In order to estimate the degree of capillarization of the cardiac muscle tissue, a new parameter is suggested to be used, when analyzing the morphometric data. It characterizes ratio of capillaries volume. According to the criterion given, a significant difference is stated between the degree of capillarization in the myocardium of the right and left ventricles. We suppose that this adequately reflects an increased loading experienced by the right cardiac parts under a long-lasting effect of altitude factors.