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The diagnosis and treatment of 120 patients with urolithiasis were made. The following examinations were made: the study of immune status and lipid peroxidation, detection of selective proteinuria, leukocyte migration inhibition reaction with autoantigens obtained from the tissues of the renopelvic segment providing additional information about renal parenchyma and immune system. The patients were divided into two groups: 70 patients of the study group received pre-, intra- and postoperative preventive pharmacotherapy, while 50 patients of the control group received standard therapy. It is shown that preventive measures in the patients of the study group aimed at raising resistance of the kidney to the shock wave and prevention of infectious-inflammatory process evidence for necessity of the above measures not only before extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, but also in intra- and postoperative periods.

A study was made of the content of lymphocyte subpopulations and activation marker expression on peripheral blood mononuclear cells. There were 15 patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN) in the pre-nephrotic stage and 19 patients with lingering diabetes mellitus (DM) not complicated by DN. Indirect immunofluorescence and monoclonal antibodies to leukocytic differentiated antigens CD3, CD4, CD8, CD22, CD25, CD71 and HLA-DR were used. Radioimmunoassay was employed simultaneously to measure the content of neopterin (a marker of cellular immunity activation) in the serum. It has been demonstrated that the pre-nephrotic stage of DN is marked by the normal content of the main subpopulations of peripheral lymphocytes (CD3, CD4, CD8 and CD22-positive). At the same time DN is associated with hyper-expression of activation markers (CD25, HLA-DR) on peripheral blood mononuclear cells and with an increase of serum neopterin concentration. The pathogenetic role of activated lymphocytes in DN may be related to the production by them of endoglycosidase, an enzyme splitting heparan sulfate of the subendothelial basal membranes of the glomeruli, thereby interfering with the negative charge of the glomerular filter and the local anticoagulation potential.

Patients with different types of podagric nephropathy were examined for 21 indicators of the functional activity of T and B lymphocytes and neutrophils. The data obtained were compared to the degree of impairment of the basic renal structures. Among the study immunologic indicators to estimate the gravity of morphological alterations in the glomeruli, the decrease of the titers of antibodies to DNA is of definite specificity, whereas the fall of the concentration of circulating immune complexes is of definite specificity in the assessment of alteration in the stroma.