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Currently, the significance of the chronic prostatitis (CP) is undoubted. Oxidative stress is considered as one of the standard mechanisms of cellular damage that is associated with inflammatory diseases such as CP. When choosing the combination therapy for this group of patients, a correction of oxidative stress is pathogenetically justified. Literature data about the pathogenetic feasibility and prospects of using a biologically active complex containing flavonoids and carotenoids quercetin, lycopene and naringin as part of the combination treatment of patients with CP are presented in the article. Considering the various effects of the biologically active complex Querceprost, containing quercetin, lycopene and naringin, among which antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and immunomodulatory are of greatest importance, as well as taking into account the synergistic effect of flavonoids and carotenoids, we suggest that Querceprost is promising component of combination treatment of patients with CP.

The study was aimed at evaluating a possibility of correcting endothelial dysfunction by means of angioprotective therapy with natural-origin bioflavonoids in patients presenting with acute venous thromboses. Ours was an open comparative prospective study including a total of thirty 34-to-60-year-old patients suffering from lower limb deep vein thrombosis. The patients were subdivided into two groups. The Study Group was composed of 15 patients receiving on the background of anticoagulant therapy with direct thrombin inhibitors (dabigatran etexilate at a daily dose of 300 mg) natural-origin angioprotectors (red grape leaf extract). The Control Group also consisted of 15 patients undergoing anticoagulant therapy with direct thrombin inhibitors alone. Blood sampling for laboratory monitoring [the quantitative level of von Willebrand factor (vWF) in blood plasma, integral assessment of the links of blood coagulation and fibrinolysis by means of thromboelastography] and ultrasonographic angioscanning of lower extremities were carried out in both Group twice: at the beginning of the study and 3 months after the beginning of therapy. The absolute majority of patients demonstrated a quantitative increase in vWF (the median in the Study Group amounted to 208.3%, being 190.0% in the Control Group, with the cut-off level equaling 140.8%). Assessing dynamics of the vWF level after 3 months on the background of using natural-origin flavonoids (the Study Group) showed a more pronounced decrease in the vWF level in the Study Group patients as compared with the Control Group patients (98.4%). Comparing the dynamic composite indices of the thromboelastogram revealed that with similar parameters in patients from the Study and Control Groups at admission, in dynamics there was observed greater growth of the level of indices of the process of dissolution of the fibrin clot (lysis) in the Study Group as compared to the Control Group. Also noted was more pronounced recanalization of the venous bed in patients taking the natural-origin bioflavonoid. A conclusion was drawn that including angioprotectors (red vine leaf extract) into the comprehensive therapy in order to correct endothelial dysfunction may improve the immediate results and terms of treatment of patients with acute venous thrombosis.

The results of treatment of 378 patients, suffering extended peritonitis, were analyzed. For prophylaxis of adhesions formation intraoperatively an adequate surgical correction and measures, directed on elimination of endotoxicosis, were applied; postoperatively--the preparations, suppressing the adhesions formation, were applied. Conduction of intracorporeal and extracorporeal therapy extremely high frequency irradiation in complex of treatment have promoted a trustworthy improvement of motor-evacuatory function stomach and intestinal due to impact on system of coagulation and blockade of the oxidative reactions cascade, as well as due to bacteriostatic effect.

Quality of treatment for acute venous thrombosis is determined by adequacy of conservative treatment and optimization of the operative procedure. We analysed the outcomes of management of 1,768 patients presenting with various forms of lower-limb phlebothrombosis. Deep veins were affected in 1,158 (65.5%) cases. Of these, thrombosis of crural veins was revealed in 672 (58%) patients, iliofemoral phlebothrombosis in 486 (42%) subjects. A total of 47 (9.7%) patients were operated on for iliofemoral thrombosis with floating thrombus confirmed by ultrasonic angioscanning. Criteria for floatation were determined. A total of 610 (43.5%) patients were diagnosed as having ascending subcutaneous thrombophlebitis of the femur. Of these, a total of 592 (97%) patients were operated on within 1-48 hours following admission. We propose a methodology of comprehensive conservative treatment with the use of Antistax in a double dose and alternating pneumocompression with elevated pressure in the cuffs.

Purpose - to evaluate the efficacy of using quersetin in patients with IHD against a background of metabolic syndrome. The authors have examined 55 patients with a chronic form of ischemic heart disease (IHD) with metabolic syndrome (MS), 35 patients out of them (the basic group) against a background of the standard therapy of IHD (β-adrenoblocker, a nitropreparation, an inhibitor of the angiotensis - converting enzyme, acetylsalicylic acid, statins) received the quercetin agent by means of an infusion. They also analyzed general clinical findings, the parameters of the stale of lipid peroxidation (LPO), the antioxidants defence (AOD) and the oxidative protein modification (OPM) as well as the results of diurnal ECG monitoring. As a result of a course of treatment carried out in the patients of the basic group, the number and duration of ischemic episodes reliably decreased, the number of patients with supraventricular extrasystoles diminished (SE) up to 5% (p<0,05), whereas with isolated ventricular extrasystoles (VE-up to 13% (p<0,05)), with ventricular disturbances of the rhythin of high gradations according to B. Laun (VDRHG) - up to 5% (p<0,05), a significant increase of the lever of reduced hemoglobin (RH) by 13,41% (p<0,05) and a decrease of the content of malonic aldehyde (MA) by 14,9% (p<0,05) have been noted. Qnercetin possesses an antiischemic, antiarrhythmic effect, exerts a regulating influence on vegetative homeostassin, oxidant disturbances, determining its efficacy, while using it in patients with IHD with underlying MS.

The main pathogenetic causes of the development of lower limb chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) are associated with hypertension in the inferior vena cava, venous stasis, and ischaemia of the vascular wall. Alterations in microcirculation responsible for the metabolic and trophic processes of the venous wall appear on the background of change in the macrocirculatory bed. A considerable role of the venous endothelial dysfunction was noted. Prescription of phleboprotectors and phlebotonics is of fundamental importance. Efficacy of Antistax makes it possible to recommend its use in combined therapy of various-aetiology and various-grade CVI.

The effect of the liposomal form formed by taxifolin and metals of variable valency was investigated. It was shown that the application of preparations based on the free flavonoid and its complexes with Fe(II/III) and Cu(II) ions after chemical burns results in a more effective skin regeneration and the repair of hair follicles and sebaceous glands. A tendency for a more effective wound healing after the applications of taxifolin-Cu(II) and taxifolin-Fe(III) liposomal complexes versus control was observed. It was assumed that the mechanism of action of these preparations is based on the oxidative polymerization and conjugation of the flavonoid, which results in the utilization of toxic metabolites and lipid peroxidation products.

Analysed herein are the results of two-year treatment with Antistax of 50 female patients presenting with early stages of upper limb lymphedema (the 'preclinical' stage of 'transient' oedemas, mild-oedema stage). The control group consisted of patients who due to various circumstances received no regular treatment with agents decreasing limb oedema, including diuretics. The obtained results demonstrated undoubted efficacy of Antistax administered at early stages of postmastectomic lymphedema. Preventive administration of the agent makes it possible to delay and in the majority of cases to also prevent the development of lymphedema. Administration of Antistax in a combination with physiotherapeutic treatment makes it possible both in the first and second stages of the disease to preserve the cosmetic and functional state of the upper limb.

Experiments on mice-hybrids F1(CBA x C57B1/6) have detected a favorable effect of the associated application of quercetin (30-60 minutes before y-exposure of an animal) and a radioprotectant of urgent action indralin (in the case of its application after y-exposure) on a post-irradiation repair of the hematopoietic tissue in acute radiation sickness after y-exposure at a non-lethal dose of 6.7 Gy, which manifested itself in the accelerated formation of endogenous spleen colonies and spleen mass recovery, as well as in the lesser degree of leukopenia on the 12th and the 16th day after acute radiation injury. Quercetin per se did not have a radio-protective effect.

Effect of a course of treatment by bioflavonoids quercetin and diquertin on the physical work capacity, oxidant and antioxidant status of organism, and hemorheological parameters and deformability of erythrocytes have been studied under conditions of chronic physical overstrain in mice caused by sequential extraordinary running load. The drugs effectively prevent the development of oxidative stress, loss of elasticity of erythrocyte membranes and growth in dynamic blood viscosity in microcirculatory link of hemodynamics. It is established that both bioflavonoids significantly increase the physical work capacity of animals and prevent from the development of physical overstrain syndrome.

The pharmacokinetics of dihydroquercetin (DHQ) in the forms of parent substance and a new liposomal formulation (Flamena D) have been studied in rats upon single peroral administration in a dose of 50 mg/kg. DHQ concentration after enzymatic hydrolysis in the blood plasma was determined by HPLC with UV detection. The elimination half-life of DHQ introduced in the form of Flamena D was about T(1/2) = 1.3 h. The relative bioavailability of DHQ after the administration of Flamena D amounted to 159% in comparison to that of the parent substance of DHQ.

It was found that the flavonoid of plant origin, dihydroquercetin, being localized in lecitin nanoparticles in the presence of amino acid, reduced inflammatory reactions in the wound zone after thermal burn. Application of the liposomal complex on burn trauma stabilized the endogenous antioxidant system and minimized the area of the secondary necrosis in burn wound. Also, intensification of skin regeneration and repair of hair follicles and sebaceous glands were observed.

Described herein are the findings of an open, prospective, comparative study of 2-month use of Antistax in a total of one hundred and nineteen patients presenting with clinical manifestations of chronic venous disease of class C0 (60 subjects) and class C2,3 (59 patients). Each group was subdivided into two subgroups of patients receiving Antistax at a daily dose of 360 and 720 mg, respectively. The authors studied the dynamics of the extremity's volume during direct plethysmography by means of liquid displacement, measuring the extremity's circumference under the ankles and in the muscular portion of the crus. The degree of subjective symptoms of CVI (increased fatigue of the legs and pain) was assessed by means of a 10-point visual analogue scale. The points of the study were the baseline state and the condition 2 months after medicamentous therapy. It was determined that administration of Antistax at daily doses of 360 and 720 mg for 2 months resulted in a significant decrease in the volume of the affected extremity, which was accompanied by regression of complaints related to venous insufficiency. The patients with class C0 and C2,3 CVI showed a pronounced dose-dependent effect, being more significant in class C2,3 CVI. We conceive it to be expedient that patients presenting with clinically pronounced variants of CVI inducing an increase in the extremity's volume should be given Antistax at a daily dose of 720 mg.

The changes of interneuronal contacts in the internal reticular layer of albino rat retina were studied 7 and 30 days after the exposure to high intensity light (6000 Lux for 6 h). In osmicated preparations, the "light" type of synapse destruction was predominant 7 days after the light-induced damage. Using the contrasting by phosphotungstic acid, paramembrane structures of the system of subsynaptic units--dense projections and postsynaptic condensations of synapses--were studied. It was found that the exposure to high intensity light resulted in the destructive changes of synapses and the decrease of their numeral density at the expense of the actively functioning symmetric contacts. 30 days after the light-induced damage, the numeral density of symmetric contacts was significantly increased, while the content of symmetric mature synapses was decreased. Course administration of ascovertine and carovertine before and after the exposure to light was found to have a differential effect on limiting the destruction of the synapses and on the activation of the repair mechanisms which are realized due to the hypertrophy and neosynaptogenesis. The highest effect was found after carovertine administration.

The formation of nitric oxide radicals in the organs of Wistar rats was studied by the ESR method using ferrous-diethyldithiocarbamate complexes as an NO spin trap. It was found that, under the conditions of CCl4-induced hepatosis, a 4.32-5.46-fold increase in the concentrations of NO radical spin adducts in the samples of heart and liver, correspondingly, occurs. After preliminary intraperoral introduction of quercetin and hesperidin, this effect was not observed. Thus, the flavonoids quercetin and hesperidin exert a distinct antioxidant action, substantialy suppressing the hepatosis-induced increase in the intensity of NO radical generation.

Rats with model cerebral ischemia were treated over 5 days with acetylsalicylic acid (in a single daily dose of 50 mg/kg via a gastric tube). This treatment decreased the level of platelet aggregation, while producing no statistically significant effect upon hemorheogical indices. The combined treatment with a complex of acetylsalicylic acid and diquertin (50 and 10 mg/kg via a gastric tube, respectively) also produced the antiaggregant effect, but additionally reduced the blood viscosity, erythrocyte aggregation, and fibrinogen content in the blood plasma.

Patients with stages I and II of vascular encephalopathy developing on the background of atherosclerosis were treated with ascovertin during 21 days. Ascovertin is a complex of flavonoid dihydroquercetin and ascorbic acid. The study group included 21 patients aged 45-65 years and a comparison group consisted of 10 age-matched patients un treated with ascovertin. The ascovertin treatment relieved headache, reduced vertigo and fatigability, improved cognitive functions. The reliable diminishing of whole blood viscosity due to improvement of cellular rheology indices (decrease of aggregation and increase of erythrocyte deformability as well as decrease of indices of lipid peroxidation in erythrocyte membrane and blood plasma) was observed in the stydy group but not in the comparison one.

Immunity status and that of microhemodynamics were evaluated in 85 patients with a protracted course of viral hepatitis B (VHB). Clearcut correlation was found between the values for immunity and microcirculation. Use of parmidine and quercetin in a combined treatment of patients makes for rapid clearing of the disturbances revealed, promoting reconvalescence, reducing the frequency of VHB recurrences and chronization of pathological processes in the liver.

The follow-up involved patients with infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis who developed toxic medicamentous hepatitis associated with antituberculosis drugs. They were treated by the method of combined pharmacotherapy which comprised sodium nucleinate (0.5 g 4 times daily), splenin (2 ml twice a day) and quercetin. The given combination of drugs rapidly improved clinical parameters and normalized immunologic tests.

A study was made of the influence of membrane-active agents with different mechanisms of action (quercetin, amiloride, valinomycin, and digitonin), that modify the transmembrane transfer of inorganic ions, on a modifying effect of a glucose loading in X-irradiated Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. The combination of digitonin with glucose increased the damaging effect of radiation on tumor cells by 1.8-2.2 times as compared to glucose alone. Merely insignificant changes in the radiation-modifying effect of glucose were observed when it was combined with other membrane-active agents.

The examination of 194 patients with coronary heart disease concurrent with clinical manifestations of angina pectoris established that the development of coronary atherosclerosis was accompanied by suppressed prostacyclin (PGI2) synthesis and increased thromboxane A2 (TxA2) leukotriene (LT) synthesis. The activation of synthesis of the vasoconstrictor and proaggregate TxA2 depended on the severity of clinical signs of angina pectoris. The imbalance of PGI2 to- TxA2 metabolite ratios was associated with dyslipidemias and the extent of coronary atherosclerosis. Bicycle ergometry testing resulted in prostanoid imbalance. The determination of the dynamics of prostanoids was used to check the efficiency of antianginal therapy. The concomitant application of inhibitors of thromboxane synthetase and LT synthesis was recommended for secondary prevention of thrombotic complications in patients with coronary atherosclerosis.

Quercetin granules and gel were used to provide local protection in 64 ENT-cancer patients given radiotherapy. The highest effect was obtained as a result of a combined (per os and topical) application of quercetin throughout the entire radiotherapy course. The use of quercetin granules to treat acute radiation-induced epithelitis was effective and allowed radiotherapy to be completed.

The possibility to use 0.1% quercetin solution for the treatment of inflammatory diseases of the parotid glands was studied. The effectiveness of treatment of 26 patients was estimated according to the data of clinical examination and cytologic study of the saliva. The results obtained evidence in favour of a high effectiveness of the preparation suggested.

Wound-healing effect of quercetin granules was examined in 20 experimental animals and in 90 patients with suppurative-inflammatory diseases of the maxillofacial and cervical soft tissue. The results evidence anti-inflammatory and wound-healing effects of quercetin granules used as 20% gel.