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Aim. To conduct a comprehensive study of the components of negative cell signaling regulation in different types of asthma. Subjects and methods. A total of 171 people, including 80 patients with allergic asthma (AA), 60 patients with non-allergic asthma (NAA), and 31 apparently healthy individuals, were examined. SOCS5 mRNA expression was assessed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. The expression of SOCS1 and SOCS3 proteins was investigated by immunoblotting. The concentration of total serum IgE was determined by enzyme immunoassay; the level of cytokines was measured according to the standard protocol using a Bio-Plex fluorometer. Results. The findings show that the patients with AA generally display more marked changes in the expression of all three investigated SOCSes (SOCS1, SOCS3, and SOCS5) at baseline and when interleukin 4 (IL-4) acts. In NAA, there are pronounced changes in the expression of SOCS3 only and, to a lesser extent, SOCS5. The results of investigating the concentrations of IL-4 in the examined groups demonstrate its significant decrease in the AA group, whereas in the NAA group, it is similar to those in healthy individuals. On the contrary, IL-10 concentrations in AA tend towards those in the control group, but much exceed in NAA. Conclusion. The findings allow one to consider the complexity of regulatory disorders arising at various levels of cell signaling in the context of the multifunctional nature of the molecules from the family of negative regulators of transcription of the SOCS1, SOCS3, and SOCS5 genes, which provide the comprehensive control of cytokine signaling simultaneously in different signal pathways.

Sixty patients with allergic bronchial asthma (ABA) and forty-one, with non-allergic bronchial asthma (NABA), as well as 23 healthy controls were under study. Expression of the SOCS5 mRNA from mononuclear blood cells was analyzed by RT-PCR. In patients with bronchial asthma, (ABA and NABA) we determined a significant increase of mRNA expression levels for a SOCS5 negative transcription regulator in peripheral blood mononuclears, in comparison with control group. Thus, an increase of SOCS5-expression, and of the SOCS3 mRNA expression in patients with BA may be associated with protective anti-inflammatory response.

We observed sixty patients with allergic bronchial asthma (ABA) and 54 with non-allergic bronchial asthma (NABA). Quantitative SOCS3 and SOCS5 mRNA expression was evaluated by means of real-time PCR. Eighteen healthy persons served as a control group. In patients with bronchial asthma (irrespectively of pathogenetic form), a significant increase of SOCS3 transcription factor expression was detected in peripheral blood mononuclears, as compared with control group. This increase was more pronounced in NABA group. The mRNA SOCS5 level was significantly decreased in bronchial asthma patients, as compared to control group, especially, in ABA subgroup rather than in NABA patients. Thus, an increased expression of SOCS3 mRNA in BA patients could be regarded as a protective antiinflammatory response Decrease of SOCS5 mRNA expression in patients with bronchial asthma (being more pronounced in ABA), may be indicative for a deficiency in negative feedback regulation of gene transcription in allergic bronchial asthma.