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As a result of field surveys of the last years, the new site of Holercani-Hansca cultural group – Andreevca-I settlement has been found. The purpose of this research paper is the characteristics of the mentioned site and the interim results of its study. Results. Andreevca-I settlement is located in Orhei raion of the Republic of Moldova, at the lands of Chiperceni Community. The site is located 0.38 km northeast of the village of Andreevca and 0.28 km northwest of the pond of the village of Andreevca; on the left bank of the stream Vorotet. The settlement is located on a smooth slope. The land area of the settlement along the line North-West-South-East is 100x200 m. Fragments of ceramics, bones of animals, pieces of burnt clay, and different stones, some of them with traces of processing, were found on the plowed surface. The settlement is multilayered. The ceramics of the Late Bronze Age prevail in the materials of the settlement. It is associated with Holercani-Hansca cultural group (12th – 10th century BCE), interim between the cultures of the early Hallstatt, and the Late Bronze Age. According to O.G. Levitskiy, Holercani-Hansca group fills the gap between the cultural formations of Pre-Babadag and Tămăoani type and Balta group of sites of the Late Bronze Age. In addition, Hallstatt horizon with prevailing incised ceramics, which can be conventionally called Tămăoani-Holercani-Balta, is distinguished. Chronological framework of this horizon according to analogues of Balta group and Tămăoani can be the end of the 12th – 10th century BCE. The closest analogues to this cultural formation could be the cultures of the Lower Danube region – Sihleanu, Tămăoani, Pre-Babadag, Babadag-I, and early Belozerka culture sites, including Balta group of the Late Bronze Age. The role of Chisinau-Corlateni type sites, of which Holercani-Hansca group had got a number of material borrowings while forming its cultural entity, is doubtless.

This article puts in the scientific use results of rescue research of the mound (tumulus) no.1 from the village of Brânzenii Noi (Teleneşti District) and the mound (tumulus) no.1 from the village of Rogojeni (Şoldăneşti District). The vast majority of burials in the mounds studied belong to the Yamna culture, Early Bronze Age. One burial from the mound 1 in Brînzenii Noi refers to antiquities of the Noua culture, Late Bronze Age. In conclusion, the authors consider the issues of coexistence of the Late Yamna culture tribes with the bearers of the Catacomb culture in such a peculiar ecological niche as the floodplain of the Middle Răut.

Introduction. Contemporary researchers have suggested and demonstrated the hypothesis that the elevated level of D-dimers, which is a valuable marker of coagulation and fibrinolysis activation, can predict the severity of COVID-19, pulmonary complications, and thromboembolic events before they occur. Material and methods. The bibliographic resources were analyzed and selected from databases such as PubMed, Hinari, SpringerLink, and Google Search using keywords such as “COVID-19,” “SARS-CoV-2,” “coronavirus,” “D-dimers,” “biomarkers,” and “severity prediction,” which were used in various combinations to maximize search efficiency. Therefore, the manuscript contains 51 representative articles for this synthesis article. Results. The D-dimer levels are significantly higher in patients with severe forms of COVID-19 compared to those with non-severe forms, in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome compared to those without acute respiratory distress syndrome, and in deceased patients compared to those who have survived. D-dimers positively correlate with the degree of severity and the increased risk of progression to severe disease, inversely proportional to the survival rate. They can predict prognosis, determine therapeutic strategies, prevent complications, positively influence the disease’s course, and monitor the prognosis. Conclusions. D-dimers should be used as a pre-radiographic screening tool as early as possible after admission and as an indicator for risk stratification of venous thromboembolism in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Based on the increase in D-dimer levels, adjusting therapeutic doses of anticoagulants is more beneficial for patients compared to administering prophylactic doses.

Introducere. Afecțiunile musculo-scheletice (AMS) sunt cele mai frecvent raportate cauze ale bolilor profesionale. Deși profesorii afectați continuă să fie activi, mulți își încheie cariera didactică mai devreme din cauza acestor probleme de sănătate. Scopul lucrării a fost de a descrie „poziția neergonomică” la locul de muncă, afecțiunile musculo-scheletice și problemele de sănătate apărute la cadrele didactice din Republica Moldova. Material și metode. A fost realizat un studiu transversal pe un eșantion de judecată de 750 de profesori care lucrează în școlile din Republica Moldova. Indicatorii goniometrici ai posturilor de muncă au fost evaluați prin metoda fotografică și prin sincronizarea activităților ocupaționale. Prezența disconfortului musculo-scheletic și factorii asociați au fost evaluate cu ajutorul unui chestionar. Rezultate. Din cei 620 de participanți, 97% erau femei, vârsta medie – 46.6±3.77 ani. Dintre profesori, 87,5% adoptă o poziție de lucru neergonomică, datele goniometrice au arătat abateri de la unghiurile fiziologice articulare pentru radiocarpian, cot, șold, genunchi și tibio-tarsian. Unghiul de abatere a gâtului de la verticală a fost de 24,80°, abaterea umărului – 4,60°, iar abaterea trunchiului a depășit poziția fiziologică cu o medie de 17,50°. Bolile cronice ale sistemului locomotor au avut o prevalență de 37,3%, în timp ce artrita, artroza și alte modificări articulare distructive au avut o prevalență de 28,9%. Mai mult de 21,7% dintre respondenți au raportat durere la nivelul membrelor la sfârșitul zilei de lucru. Concluzii. Prevalența durerii musculo-scheletice, în special a „durerii cronice ale bolilor sistemului locomotor” (artrita, artroza, durerea la nivelul membrelor) a afectat mai mult de 1/3 dintre profesorii implicați în studiu. Aceste rezultate evidențiază nevoia implementării unor măsuri ergonomice preventive care să reducă expunerea, apoi riscul de AMS și, astfel, să minimizeze durerea cauzată de bolile cronice ale sistemului locomotor.

Introducere. Conform datelor OMS, cancerul reprezintă una din principalele cauze de deces în țările dezvoltate, cedând numai maladiilor cardiovasculare. Astfel, în fiecare an, pe glob decedează de cancer circa 10 mln de oameni. Se presupune că mortalitatea prin cancer în lume va continua să crească și până în 2030 numărul de decese de cancer va depăși cifra de 11 mln. Aproximativ 19% din toare cancerele sunt cauzate de factorii mediului ambiant, inclusiv și de condițiile de muncă nesatisfăcătoare. Se etimează că 1,3 mln. decese au loc în fiecare an din cauza factorilor profesionali. Obiective. Identificarea factorilor de risc cancerigeni ocupaționali primari și evaluarea impactului acestora asupra sănătății lucrătorilor. Material și metode. Acest studiu a folosit o metodologie de revizuire sistematică a literaturii pentru a identificarea și analiza factorii de risc asociați cu cancerul profesional și pentru a evalua strategiile preventive. Articolele au fost obținute din baze de date precum PubMed și Google Scholar publicate în ultimii 14 ani, folosind cuvinte cheie predefinite și operatori booleeni. Revizuirea a inclus studii publicate în ultimele decenii care se concentrează pe diverse industrii și expuneri profesionale. Rezultate. În UE și în alte țări dezvoltate, cancerul reprezintă un procent estimat la 53% din decesele profesionale; ca urmare, date fiabile privind expunerea profesională la factorii de risc de cancer sunt esențiale atât pentru siguranța și sănătatea lucrătorilor, cât și pentru o economie productivă și durabilă. În cazul cancerului, cauza bolii este multifactorială, iar, în prezent, există un număr mare de cancerigeni umani cunoscuți. Este bine cunoscut faptul că agenții cancerigeni profesionali rămân a patra cea mai frecventă cauză de cancer în lumea occidentală dezvoltată. Determinarea riscului de cancer profesional este complicată și mai mult de o serie de factori profesionali și neprofesionali, perioada de latență lungă pentru dezvoltarea cancerului și susceptibilitatea indivizilor la agenți cancerigeni, diferențele dintre cancerele profesionale și non-profesionale, etc. Concluzii. Argumentarea măsurilor de prevenție și promovarea sănătății populației active, precum și cunoașterea caracteristicilor cantitative ale relațiilor cauzale, au o importanță deosebită și va contribui la subestimarea bolilor profesionale.

Obiective. Leziunile traumatice prin cădere reprezintă o problemă semnificativă de sănătate globală, provoacă adesea dizabilități, mortalitate și morbiditate ridicată în întreaga lume. Căderile sunt a doua cauză de deces neintenționat la nivel mondial. Aproximativ o treime din persoanele vârstnice suferă o cădere cel puțin o dată pe an, iar această rată crește semnificativ pentru cei peste 80 de ani. Scopul prezentului studiu a fost de a identifica cauzelor producerii traumatismelor prin cădere și elaborarea măsurilor de prevenție a acestora la populația cu vârsta de 65 ani și peste, din Republica Moldova. Materiale și metode. În total, folosind bazele de date Google Scholar și PubMed au fost incluse în analiză 20 articole, selectate conform criteriilor de includere și de excludere. Datele din aceste articole, au fost evaluate, sintetizate și descrise narativ. Rezultate. Potrivit studiilor revizuite, printre factorii care pot duce la diverse traumatisme prin cădere la vârstnici se regăsesc: istoricul individual, slăbiciunea musculară și lipsa de echilibru, deficiențele vizuale, administrarea mai multor medicamente, precum sedativele, antidepresivele și antihipertensivele, deficiența de vitamina D, factori de mediu de interior și exterior, sau tulburările cognitive. Măsurile preventive pot reduce riscul de cădere, contribuind la un stil de viață independent și sigur pentru această comunitate. Concluzii. Studierea factorilor de risc, implicați în diverse traumatisme la vârstnici prin cădere ar putea ajuta factorii de decizie să adopte strategii și abordări eficiente pentru prevenirea și controlul acestora.

Rezumat . Introducere. Erorile medicale reprezintă o problemă semnificativă. Învățând din erorile trecute, elaborând și aplicând măsuri preventive, putem obtine reducere a riscului de erori și a consecințelor lor în prestarea serviciilor medicale. Obiectiv . Elaborarea recomandărilor sub formă de măsuri sistemice pentru reducerea riscului de erori în furnizarea asistenței medicale. Material și metode. S-a realizat o sinteză a experienței în domeniul medical și juridic, analizând rapoartele auditurilor interne privind calitatea activității medicale și sursele actuale de literatură. Rezultate și discuții. Riscul de erori medicale continuă să fie unul dintre principalele riscuri în acordarea asistenței medicale, inclusiv asistența specializată. Literatura medicală a acumulat o mulțime de descrieri, clasificări și cauze ale acestor erori. Cu scopul de a reduce riscul de erori medicale în cadrul institutiei medicale, s-au elaborat o serie de recomandări sub forma unor măsuri sistematice planificate. Implementarea acestor măsuri a dus la o îmbunătățire a calității asistenței medicale, a contribuit la prevenirea erorilor medicale, caz în care persoanele care le-au comis pot fi trase la răspundere civilă și penală. Concluzii. Implementarea recomandărilor generalizate în acest studiu sub forma măsurilor sistematice planificate reduce eficient riscul erorilor medicale, frecvența și gravitatea consecințelor medicale-juridice asociate acestora. Cuvinte cheie: riscuri medicale, calitatea asistenței medicale, consecințe medico-juridice ale erorilor medicale.Summary . Systemic Approach to Reduce the Risk of Medical Errors. Background. Medical errors pose a significant problem. By learning from past mistakes, developing and applying preventive measures, we can reduce the risk of errors and their consequences in the provision of medical services. Objective of the study. Developing recommendations as systemic measures to reduce the risk of errors in providing medical care. Material and Methods. A synthesis was made of the experience in the medical and legal field, analyzing reports from internal quality audits of medical activities and relevant literature sources. Results and discussion. The risk of medical errors continues to be one of the main risks in the provision of medical care, including specialized assistance. The medical literature has accumulated a multitude of descriptions, classifications and causes of these errors. In order to reduce the risk of medical errors within the medical organization, a number of recommendations were developed in the form of planned systematic measures. The implementation of these measures led to an improvement in the quality of medical care, contributed to the prevention of medical errors, in which case the persons who committed them can be held civil and criminal liability. Conclusion. The implementation of the generalized recommendations in this study, in the form of planned systematic measures, effectively reduces the risk of medical errors, the frequency, and the severity of their medicolegal consequences.

În articol se discută importanța siguranței pacientului în cadrul unei organizații medicale. Prin intermediul unei revizuiri a literaturii și a interviurilor cu personalul medical, au fost cercetate provocările moderne și măsurile de asigurare a siguranței în domeniul medical, inclusiv cultura siguranței, educația și formarea personalului, utilizarea tehnologiei și participarea activă a pacienților. Rezultatele subliniază faptul că siguranța pacientului necesită o abordare sistemică și eforturi constante din partea tuturor participanților în organizația medicală.

Scopul. Studierea reacțiilor patologice din partea arterei brahiale (AB) la cercetarea funcției endoteliale vasculare (FE) cu aplicarea probei cu hiperemia reactivă (HR) și valoarea lor aplicativă în tratamentul pacienților cu formele grave a BPOC. Materiale şi metode. Au fost examinați 60 bărbați, vârsta medie 47,7±5,11 ani şi durata maladiei 13,0±5,4 ani, cu evoluție de gravitatea medie și gravă (conform criteriilor GOLD). Cercetarea neinvazivă a disfuncției endoteliale s-a efectuat cu utilizarea probei cu hiperemie activă, aplicând Duplex ultrasonor de rezoluție înaltă la aparatul „Logiq S8” („General Electric”, SUA) cu transductor liniar 8,0-10,0 MHz după metodă, propusă de David S. Celermajer [ ]. Diame- trul a. brahiale a fost măsurat inițial şi imediat după decompresie. Disfuncția endotelială se considera atunci când indicelefuncției endoteliale era sub 10%.Rezultate. Analiza datelor dobândite a relevat scăderea considerabilă a FE: indice FE a fost 7,14±11, 22% , cu variații între -15,0% și 29,4%. La 10 pacienți după probă cu HR a fost depistată reacția patologică din partea AB: în locul dilatării endoteliu-dependente solicitate, s-a observat reacția spastică sau negativă (în limitele între 0% și -15,0%). Paralel la toți 10 pacienți au fost vizualitate placi aterosclerotice solitare și pare în a. carotide cu stenoză lumenului în limitele 20-40% fără orice manifestări clinice. Nivelul colesterolului total și LDL-colesterol au fost crescute: 7,5±2,0 mm/l и 4,7±1,8 mm/l respectiv. Nici la unul din 10 pacienți în urma tratamentului ulterior de 5 săptămâni cu perindopril (doza medie 2,9±1,5 mg/zi) sau valsartan (doza medie 54,5±15,4 mg/zi) nu a fost relevate scăderea semnificativă a presiunii sistolice și medii în artera pulmonară.Concluzii. Reacțiile patologice din partea AB la estimarea FE cu aplicarea probei cu HR pot vi utilizate ca un crite- riu eficacității tratamentului ulterior a hipertensiunii pulmonare cu prestarium sau valsartan și pronosticul supraviețuirii pacienților cu formele grave a BPOC.

Această cercetare abordează problema aderenței la tratament a pacienților cu tuberculoză. Autorii au realizat o analiză complexă a cauzelor acestui fenomen și au propus o serie de soluții pentru a-l depăși. Studiul se bazează pe sintetizarea experienței proprii a autorilor, analiza sondajelor adresate pacienților și medicilor, precum și studiul surselor din diverse baze de citare științifică. S-a ajuns la concluzia că aderența scăzută la tratament a pacienților cu tuberculoză reprezintă o problemă serioasă, care necesită o abordare complexă și implicarea activă a tuturor părților vizate. Rezultatele lucrării pot fi utile ftiziopneumologilor, specialiștilor în domeniul sănătății, reprezentanților guvernamentali și organizațiilor non-guvernamentale care se ocupă de problema tuberculozei.

Articolul propune o analiză detaliată a percepției pe care o au medicii cu privire la erorile lor profesionale. Datele au fost colectate printr-un sondaj de opinie desfășurat printre medici. Articolul examinează factorii care contribuie la erorile medicale și modalitățile de a le reduce, punând accent pe îmbunătățirea sistemelor de raportare și creșterea conștientizării acestor probleme în cadrul comunității medicale.

Ipoteza de profitare de imposibilitatea victimei de a-și exprima voința deja este avută în vedere în art. 171 și 172 din Codul penal al R. Moldova. De aceea, nu este necesară completarea Codului penal al R. Moldova cu articole similare cu art. 2181 și 2191 din Codul penal al României. O astfel de completare ar dubla prevederile art. 171 și 172 din Codul penal al R. Moldova în respectiva ipoteză. Soluția este aplicarea eficientă a art. 171 și 172 din Codul penal al R. Moldova în cazul în care făptuitorul profită de imposibilitatea victimei minore de a-și exprima voința.

Objectives. To systematically review the complex relationship between cardiovascular comorbidities and lung cancer, focusing on their impact on patient prognosis, treatment outcomes, and quality of life, with special emphasis on non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across databases such as PubMed, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar. A total of 137 studies examining the following aspects were included: Prevalence of cardiovascular comorbidities (e.g., coronary artery disease, heart failure, arrhythmias, valvular disease, thromboembolic events) in lung cancer patients; Prognostic implications of cardiovascular comorbidities across different stages of lung cancer; Impact of cardiovascular complications arising from cancer treatments (chemotherapy, radiotherapy); Assessment of quality of life in lung cancer patients with cardiovascular comorbidities. Results. The prevalence of various cardiovascular comorbidities in lung cancer patients across different stages remains high. Prognostic impact of pre-existing cardiovascular comorbidities, especially in early-stage lung cancer remains negative. Cancer therapies can exacerbate existing cardiovascular conditions or induce new complications, significantly reducing the quality of life in patients with both lung cancer and cardiovascular comorbidities. Conclusions. To mitigate the risk of cardiovascular complications in lung cancer patients with comorbidities, a comprehensive approach is necessary. This includes proactive cardiovascular risk assessment and management throughout all stages of lung cancer treatment, the development of treatment strategies tailored to individual patient risk profiles, and continued research into the underlying mechanisms of cardiovascular complications in lung cancer.

In the social and political environment, regardless of jurisdiction, the use of force and the intervention of law enforcement agencies, especially of the police force, is current issue, and the topic of adequate intervention - a topic of debate. In different jurisdictions, different terms can be found to designate the general hypothesis of this research. The paper aims to elaborate on the content and to develop the legal concept of reasonableness, which will include references to reasonable suspicion and reasonable belief, the objective observer, and other matters of interest. From the above-mentioned reasoning, this research is dedicated to the subject of reasonableness of intervention and use of force, and it aims to identify and to develop on a standard to which a practicing professional can refer.

The article contains information about the achievements of M. Cebotari in the interpretation of the vocal-symphonic works of the composers of the Viennese classical era: J. Haydn, W.A. Mozart and L. van Beethoven Unique, little-known materials about the singer’s participation in numerous concerts in Vienna and other cities of Austria, where their compositions were performed are collected and analyzed. Of great interest for the study are the critical materials published in the newspapers of that time, which are the main source of information on the subject. Additionally, the dates, places and participants of the concerts are indicated.

The security culture and security of the person need to be amplified in the context of the European integration process of the Republic of Moldova, especially in the conditions of the current COVID-19 pandemic. The most important political document concluded by Chisinau diplomacy with the European Union – the Agreement of Association of RM with the EU, signed on June 27, 2014, involves the establishment of a high level of protection of fundamental human rights and freedoms, including through the establishment of several mechanisms for strengthen the security culture and the ability of citizens to protect themselves against a wide diversity of security risks. A new dimension was acquired by this desideratum stipulated in the RM-EU Association Agreement in the conditions of the current pandemic of COVID-19, when the entire security system has been put to the test, undermining the foundations of a good functioning of human society both at the World scale, as well as in the Republic of Moldova.

The article presents an analysis of the version for tenor and piano of one of the most important vocalchamber compositions in Moldovan music — the vocal cycle „Lyric Poem” by V. Zagorsky on the verses by E. Loteanu, written in the original for baritone and piano. The authors review the new tonal plan, which appears as a result of transposition, highlight the peculiarities of the vocal and piano parts, specify the new figurative images in the proposed version. A major argument in favor of the feasibility of such an adaptation is the fact that the authors have already successfully performed in concert several romances. The conclusion is made regarding the importance of the undertaken effort in popularizing V. Zagorsky’s vocal-chamber works.

The article provides a brief overview about performances of the operatic heritage of the great Russian composers M. Glinka and P. Tchaikovsky by the outstanding singer of the XX-th century M. Cebotari. The roles of Antonida in „Life for the Tsar”, Lisa in the „Queen of spades”, Tatiana in „Eugene Onegin” and Iolanta in the opera of the same name are considered and analyzed. Born in the Russian Empire, Russian as a native speaker and brought up in the culture of the Russian emigrants, M. Cebotari interpreted these roles on the stages of Western Europe with enviable perfection and organics, deeply penetrating the essence of the performed part and image.

M. Cebotari, besides her remarkable achievements obtained in the interpretation of the music of German, Italian and Russian composers, asserted herself completely as an outstanding performer of the leading roles in French operas. These results were obtained due to the compact and solid lyrical voice, the performing techniques in the agility and coloratura of the voice, the impeccable sense of style, and a perfect knowledge of the French language. Not only her unmistakable voice but also her special stage abilities contributed to the artistic realization of the prima donna, which helped her totally transform into the image of the characters she played. Here we can mention the following roles: Antoninaia in J. Off enbach`s Tales of Hoff man, Manon in the opera of the same name by J. Massenet, Carmen and Michaela in the opera Carmen by G. Bizet.

The article contains information about the first steps in the professional career of Maria Cebotari – a brilliant singer and actress of the first half of the 20th century, when she participated in the cultural events of the Russian Diaspora in Berlin and Dresden. The information of this kind was collected from a number of emigrants’ newspapers of that time, on the pages of which they tried to comment truthfully or announce the concerts with the participation of M. Cebotari. This material serves not only to fill in the gaps in her biography, but also proves that M. Cebotari had organically belonged to the „Russian World” of Germany for almost ten years.

Objectives. Over the years, hygienic scientists of the Republic of Moldova have accumulated important scientific achievements in the field of population health, in relation with environmental and occupational risk factors, with a considerable impact on society. The aim of the study was to evaluate the achievements in the field of environmental and occupational health in the Republic of Moldova. Materials and methods. International and domestic problems and achievements in the field of health and the environment were studied and analyzed, performing an advanced search of the specialized literature. Results and discussions. Through the article below are presented the scientific achievements of hygienic scientists from the Republic of Moldova, in the hygiene of the environment department, including the occupational environment, during the years after the Second World War. In the mentioned fields have contributed the scientists of the hygiene departments of the State University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Nicolae Testemitanu", of the scientific laboratories of the former Moldovan Institute of Scientific Research in Hygiene and Epidemiology, of the National Center for Public Health. The research was conducted in the context of the objectives of international organizations (World Health Organization, International Organization of Labour, United Nations).Based on the materials of the scientific researches, were defended habilitated doctoral theses, multiple doctoral theses, also were published, monographs, guides, methodical recommendations, manuals, articles, etc. The results obtained were implemented in practice. Based on scientific research, a series of hygienic regulations, methodical recommendations, orders of the Ministry of Health, Government Decisions, draft Laws of the Parliament of the Republic of Moldova, etc. were developed. Hygienic scientists have made an indisputable contribution to the implementation of organizational reforms and advanced methods of preventive and current surveillance of public health and determinants in accordance with the provisions of the National Health Policy and the requirements of World Health Organization and European Union. Conclusions. The main task of the State Public Health Surveillance Service, at present, is to further develop hygienic science, implement organizational reforms and advanced methods of preventive and current surveillance of public health and determinants in accordance with the provisions National Health Policy and with the requirements of World Health Organization and European Union, further improvement of the didactic-methodical process, elaboration and implementation of modern policies in public health.

Objectives. Environmental factors, along with living and training conditions, behavioral factors and health care, play an important role in promoting and preserving the health of athletes. This article concerns the hygienic assessment of the organization of the training process, as well as training and living conditions of athletes. Material and methods. The study was carried out on a group of 173 junior athletes, from Chișinău, Republic of Moldova, who play sports games (basketball, volleyball, handball, football, tennis), aged between 15-18 years. The used working tool was the questionnaire on the living and training conditions of junior athletes. Results. It was found that 16.7% of tennis players and 9.1% of handball players rated the quality of the occupational environment as inadequate. 11.0% of respondents reported a tense psychological climate in the team. Among the athletes who reported a very tense psychological climate are football and handball players. Potential environmental risk factors were identified when assessing the living conditions of the athletes: living in the industrial area, near the high road, the presence of unpleasant smell. Conclusions. Respecting the hygienic requirements, regarding the organization of the training process and ensuring adequate living and training conditions, have a basic role in the training of performance athletes. Thus, it becomes very important to organize activities to promote behavioral and lifestyle changes among athletes.

Objectives. Solid fats, obtained industrially through the process of hydrogenation of vegetable oils, have found a very wide use in the food field. At the same time, they have a high content of trans fatty acids, these being also known as "trans fats". Recent researches have revealed the adverse effects of trans fatty acids on health. The high content of trans fatty acids contributes, in particular, to the emergence of non-communicable diseases. That is why it was conducted a bibliographic study, in order to elucidate the various harmful effects of trans fatty acids on health and its prevention possibilities. Material and methods. An advanced literature search was performed using the Google Scholar search engine and the PubMed, Research for Life and Medline databases. The criteria for selecting the items included health issues, according to the keywords trans fatty acids, trans fats, health, non-communicable diseases. Results. The direct connection of excessive consumption of trans fatty acids, with various non-communicable diseases, has been found. It largely affects the lipid spectrum of the blood, the circulatory system, in general, but also other systems and organs, including the reproductive system in men. Some forms of cancer, cognitive impairment in the elderly, the detrimental effect on the fetus, can also be caused by excessive consumption of hydrogenated or partially hydrogenated fats high in trans fatty acids. Conclusion. There is a need to harmonize national legislation with European legislation on trans fatty acids regulations, formalize control methods, joint activities of state bodies with representatives of the food industry in order to improve the situation on the issue.

The end of the Cold War has determined the social consciousness that military menace has diminished, being replaced by new non-military risks, the dangers and menaces of political, economic and social, environmental type, including those of educational and cultural nature. Human security, as a new constructivist concept in the contemporary security studies and in social sciences, represents a new perspective of security as a global social phenomenon. The social-culturologic component of human security underlines the importance of assuring the stability of cultural environment, of spiritual progress and of the intellectual and moral welfare of the human person. These efforts harmoniously fit into the wide-ranging activities of promoting human security in the society which is mainly concentrated on the totality of the interests and needs of the human individual. The security interests of the state become subsidiary and inferior as a priority comparing with the person’s security.

Pleural drainage is a relatively simple procedure that can be a definitive solution in 90-95% of all thoracic trauma cases (haemothorax and pneumothorax), and a mandatory procedure in general thoracic surgery. The insertion of a chest drain can be associated with multiple and severe complications, therefore indications for chest tube placement must be strict and the person responsible for their insertion must be able to manage its complications. In this literature review we look into the goals of pleural drainage, indications for tube insertion, complications that can occure immediately and later in pleural drainage placement and tube management, as well as the new digital systems for chest tube management.

The article presents information about the famous Moldovan tenor, excellent vocal teacher — Leonid Boxan who would have been 100 years old in 2016. He died at the age of 96 leaving an immence heritage: well- trained vocalists and a number of scene characters performed on the srages of the Timişoara, Liviv and Chişinau Opera Theatres. Of special interest is the circle of personalities who were around him. In the first place should be mentioned the outstanding representatives of the national vocal school: his teachers, friends, colleagues, and pupils. The author also mentions the anniversary concert dedicated to his memory that was held on the stage of the Organ Hall in which the Master’s pupils and colleagues took part.

The following article contains brief information about the opera Ariadne auf Naxos by R. Strauss, marking 100 years in 2016 since the opera was fi nished in 1916. It lists the most successful productions and their top performers. Th e article includes information, found by the author, about the performance of Ariadne`s part by M. Cebotari. Th ese were performances of the Vienna Opera in 1947, and the London festival of Richard Strauss`s music. Th e author also analyses M. Cebotari`s recording of the aria of Ariadne Es gibt ein Reich… with the orchestra of the Vienna Philharmonic, conducted by H. von Karajan, made some month before her death and which has become a standard of performing skills. Mention is made of the performance of arias from R. Strauss`s opera «Ariadne auf Naxos» at the National Philharmonic of Chisinau in the vocal-symphonic concerts, dedicated to the anniversaries of R. Strauss and M. Cebotari.

Concflictele de legi ca element-cheie al Dreptul internațional privat impun necesitatea determinării în permanență a legii aplicabile instituțiilor acestei ramuri de drept. În Dreptul internațional privat legea aplicabilă bunurilor este lex rei sitae. Stabilirea legii aplicabile bunurilor pre­zintă importanță pentru reglementarea raporturilor juridice cu element de extraneitate; or, în dependență de legea aplicabilă bunurilor se determină conţinutul posesiunii, dreptul de proprietate şi alte drepturi reale asupra bunurilor mobile şi imobile, realizarea şi ocrotirea acestor drepturi. Totodată, nu mai puțin importantă este și stabilirea domeniului și a limitelor de aplicare a lex rei sitae, care determină elementele ce formează statutul real, precum și aspectele care nu sunt guvernate de legea situației bunurilor.THE SCOPE OF APPLICATION OF THE LEX REI SITAEConflicts of laws as a key element of Private International Law impose the need to permanently determine the law that is applicable to the institutions of this branch of law. In private international law the law applicable to the assets is lex rei sitae. Determination of the law applicable to the assets is important for regulating the legal relationships with foreign element, or, depending on the law applicable to the assets, the content of the possession, property and other real rights over movable and immovable property, the realization and the protection of these rights are determined. Also, it is important to establish the scope and the limits of application of the lex rei sitae, which determines the elements of the real status and matters that are not governed by the law of the situation of assets.

Termenul de prescripție constituie un factor important la care urmează de atras atenția la analiza infracțiunilor de insolvabilitate intenționată și de insolvabilitate fictivă. Expirarea termenului de prescripție ca efect al omisiunii consta­tării faptei prejudiciabile și, respectiv, urmăririi și judecării făptuitorului în perioada stabilită de legea penală duce la liberarea persoanei de răspundere penală. Din aceste rațiuni, se impun eforturi susținute în vederea simplificării proce­durii și determinării momentelor importante asupra cărora urmează de atras atenția la desfășurărea urmăririi penale și la judecarea cauzelor de insolvabilitate intenționată și de insolvabilitate fictivă. Identificarea temeiurilor care duc la expi­rarea termenului de prescripție și treptat la omisiunea tragerii la răspundere penală constituie un element important în vederea tragerii la răspundere a persoanelor vinovate și apărării drepturilor creditorilor în procesul de insolvabilitate.THE PROBLEMATIC ASPECTS REGARDING THE PRESCRIPTION TERM FOR THE CRIMES RELATED TO INSOLVENCYThe prescription period represents an important factor which should be highlighted in the process of analyzing deliberate insolvency crimes and fictitious insolvency crimes. The expiration of the prescription period as consequence of the omission of the prejudicial act and, namely, prosecution and trial of the perpetrator in the established period of time by the penal law, leads to the release of the person from the criminal liability. From these perspectives, sustained efforts are required to simplify the procedure and to determine the important moments which should be brought under the spotlight in the process of criminal prosecution and trial of the causes of deliberate insolvency crimes and fictitious insolvency crimes. Identifying the grounds that lead to the expiration of the prescription period, and gradually to the omission of the criminal liability, represents an important element for putting the guilty persons under the law and for defending the creditors’ rights involved in the process of insolvency.

Articolul reprezintă o cercetare a uneia dintre cele mai importante probleme ale Dreptului Internațional Privat – operațiunea calificării. Conține argumentarea soluțiilor sugerate pentru a rezolva operațiunea de calificare în Dreptul Internațional Privat, precum și fundamentarea necesității reglementării opreațiunii de calificare.THE OPERATION OF QUALIFICATION IN PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL LAWThe article is a research of one of the most important issues of Private International Law – the operation of qualifications. Provides the reasoning of the suggested solutions to solve the qualification problem in Private International Law and as well substantiating the need to regulate the qualification process.

Oleg Negruţa’s composition repertoire for solo instruments with accompaniment, of which clarinet opuses are highlighted, is important for indigenous musical art. In a vast genre complex, it confirms the composer’s constant commitment to the idea of the Bessarabian professional school. In this sense, as relevant works can be considered the three pieces for clarinet and piano: Improvisation, Fantasy on a Theme by Paganini and Elegy. However, this article is meant to offer details in an analytical way about Negruţa’s specific language and, moreover, to emphasize the author’s mastery of combining folklore elements with others characteristic ofjazz, both being treated according to the canons of academic music.

Proteoliza globulinei de rezervă 11S din seminţele de arahide, Ara h3, cu papaină începe cu cuscindarea secvenței C-terminale extinse a α-catenelor, care cuprinde regiunea α-helixurilor. Clivarea ulterioară a buclei dintre β-strendurile E' şi F' din partea centrală a β-barrelui din α-catene duce la formarea fragmentelor, legate cu β-catenele intacte prin legătură disulfidică, precum şi reţinute în molecula globulinei 11S parţial hidrolizată prin interacţiuni necovalente. Conform scenariului proteolizei descrise, acţiunea iniţială a papainei distruge regiunea C-terminală a α-catenelor, în care sunt prezenţi trei din cei patru determinanţi antigenici (epitopii IgE), identificaţi în globulina 11S din arahide. Astfel, gradul de alergenicitate a Ara h3 poate fi substanțial redus prin proteoliza sa limitată cu papaină.ALLERGEN ARA H3, STORAGE 11S GLOBULIN FROM PEANUT SEEDS 1. PAPAIN LIMITED PROTEOLYSISPapain proteolysis of the storage 11S globulin Ara h3 from peanut seeds starts from the detachment of an extended a-chain C-terminal sequence covering the region of a-helices. Further cleavage of a loop between b-strands E’ and F’ inside the central part of a-chain b-barrel occurs generating fragments connected with intact b-chains via a disulfide bond and those retained inside the molecule of partially hydrolyzed 11S globulin due to non-covalent interactions. In accordance with the described proteolysis scenario, the C-terminal a-chain region containing three of the four antigen determinants (IgE epitopes) identified in the peanut 11S globulin is destroyed during the initial papain action. Therefore, the level of Ara h3 allergenicity can be decreased via papain limited proteolysis.

A fost studiată fotoliza directă în soluţii apoase a tioureei (TU) şi cisteinei pe sisteme model cu scopul de a estima rolul lor în procesele ce decurg în apele naturale. S-a constatat că atât tioureea, cât şi cisteina se supun fotolizei directe la iradiere cu diferite surse de lumină artificială. Din rezultatele obţinute se poate afirma că viteza de oxidare a acestor tioli depinde direct proporţional de concentraţia iniţială a tiolului în sistem, precum şi de spectrul de emisie al lămpii. Au fost determinate randamentele cuantice ale tioureei şi cisteinei cu ajutorul actinometrului chimic ferioxala­tul de potasiu (K3[Fe(C2O4)3] · 3H2O). S-a constatat că randamentul cuantic al TU este cu mult mai mare ca unitatea, ceea ce denotă că în procesul de distrugere a tioureei doar la etapa iniţială are loc reacţia fotochimică, care este urmată de reacţii chimice, posibil radicalice. Deci, TU poate fi iniţiator al reacţiilor de autopurificare chimică în apele naturale.DIRECT PHOTOLYSIS OF THE CYSTEINE AND THIOUREA IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONSIt was studied direct photolysis in aqueous solutions of the thiourea and cysteine on the model system in order to estimate their role in the processes arising in the natural waters. It has been found that both of them, thiourea and cysteine, have been subjected to direct photolysis at irradiation with different artificial light sources. From the results obtained it was found that oxidation rate of these thiols depends directly proportional to the initial concentration of thiol in the system and the emission spectrum of the lamp. There were determined quantum yields of thiourea and cysteine using chemical actinometer K3[Fe(C2O4)3] · 3H2O. It was found that the quantum yield of thiourea is much greater than unity, which shows that on the destruction of thiourea only at the initial stage occurs photochemical reaction, which is followed by chemical reactions, possibly radical reactions, so thiourea can be the initiator of chemical self-purification reactions in the natural waters.

Este descris un scenariu ipotetic al proteolizei limitate cu papaină a globulinei de rezervă 7S, Ara h1, cel mai puternic alergen din seminţele de arahide. Scenariul se bazează pe rezultatele electroforezei produselor proteolizei cu masa mole­culară mare, precum şi pe informaţiile disponibile cu privire la prezenţa în subunităţile Ara h1 a regiunilor nestructurate, potenţial sensibile la atacul proteolitic. S-a constatat că proteoliza limitată iniţială a Ara h1 duce la scindarea regiunii N-terminale nestructurate a subunităţii, care conţine o treime din numărul total de determinanţi antigenici (epitopii IgE), identificaţi în Ara h1. Evident, regiunea N-terminală, bogată în resturi de arginină, care corespund specificităţii de sub­strat a papainei, este complet scindată în timpul proteolizei. Astfel, nivelul de alergenicitate al Ara h1 poate fi redus prin proteoliza sa limitată.LIMITED PROTEOLYSIS OF ALLERGEN ARA H1, STORAGE 7S GLOBULIN FROM PEANUT SEEDSA hypothetical scenario of papain limited proteolysis of storage 7S globulin Ara h1, the strongest allergen from peanut seeds, is described. The scenario is based on the results of electrophoresis of proteolysis of high-molecular-mass products as well as on the available information on the presence of disordered regions potentially susceptible to proteolytic attack in the Ara h1 subunits. It was demonstrated that the initial Ara h1 limited proteolysis leads to the detachment of the subunit N-terminal disordered region containing one third of the total number of antigen determinants (IgE epitopes) identified in the Ara h1. Obviously, the N-terminal region teeming with arginine residues, which correspond to papain specificity, is completely destroyed during proteolysis. Thus, the level of Ara h1 allergenicity can be decreased via limited proteolysis.

Elaborarea unor procedee de obţinere a peptidelor bioactive din ficocianină prin intermediul hidrolizei proteolitice prezintă un interes sporit pentru cercetători în contextul utilizării acestora în calitate de remedii anticancer şi pentru alte proprietăţi terapeutice. Peptidele derivate din ficocianină ar putea manifesta proprietăţi terapeutice mult mai pronunţate comparativ cu ficocianina. În prezenta lucrare sunt studiate dinamica proteolizei ficocianinei cu papaina şi mecanismul de hidroliză a acestei proteine.Mechanism of proteolysis of C-phycocyanin, bioactive protein from Spirulina, under the action of papainThe elaboration of the procedures of obtaining of bioactive peptides derived from phycocyanin, as a result of it proteolytic hydrolysis presents great interest for researchers in the terms of theirs use as anti-cancer drugs and for other therapeutic properties. It can be assumed that peptides derived from phycocyanin could manifest more pronounced therapeutic effects compared to phycocyanin. Dynamics of phycocyanin proteolisis by papain, as well as mechanism of phycocyanin hydrolysis were studied in the present work.

Introduction. Road traffic injuries are a significant issue for society in the twenty-first century, but public health experts frequently ignore them despite the fact that massive and coordinated efforts are required for their effective and long-term prevention. Human factors and poor driving performance are the most significant contributors to car accidents globally, as shown by a series of studies exploring the causes of traffic road accidents. Since road safety is a key concern in developing countries, our research focuses on the car driver behavioral risk factors in the Republic of Moldova. Material and methods. A cross-sectional quantitative descriptive using a questionnaire was applied online via a Google form document among car drivers, between January-March 2022. Microsoft Excel was used for the statistical analyses. Results. The questionnaire was completed by 257 respondents above 18 years, of which 61.9% were female and 38.1% were male, mostly with a category B license (73.5%) and the majority from urban areas (87.5%). More than half (55.6%) mention that drove a car daily and 30% of them have a drive experience of more than ten years. Respondents express great concern (71.2%) about the issue of traffic accidents, and 76.3% think that unsafe roads are a key contributing factor. At least once being involved as a driver in a road accident where medical care was needed was mentioned by 2.7% of respondents. Conclusions. Educational programs and awareness campaigns about road safety among drivers and other vulnerable road users should be systematically organized.

Introduction. The latest WHO report on the prevention of road injuries emphasizes the need to improve road safety management, especially in developing countries, the analysis of traffic accidents, as well as the application of good practices adapted to local conditions. The Republic of Moldova has a fragmented road injury reporting system, so the purpose of this study was to study the trends and general aspects of road injuries in the country's population. Material and methods. A cross-sectional, descriptive research was carried out during 2007-2020, which studied the main indicators of morbidity and mortality rates due to injuries and road injuries among the adult population of the Republic of Moldova, based on the official statistical data of the National Agency for Public Health and the National Bureau of Statistics from the Republic of Moldova Results. The study's findings revealed that in terms of the general prevalence of the population, traumatic injuries, poisoning, and other consequences of external sources rank 8th across the republic and 6th in Chisinau. The mortality indicators of the population according to the main causes of death, rank injuries and poisonings are on the 4th place, and injuries caused by road accidents on the 2nd place both in the republic and in the capital city. There is a slight downward trend in the mortality indicators of the population due to traffic accidents. Conclusions. The obtained data pointed out the importance of road behavior improvement among the entire society, whereas the specialists from various fields should be permanently involved in activities of raising awareness among all road traffic participants.

The history of the performance of the part of Philip in the opera “Don Carlos” by G. Verdi knows several vivid examples. Based on audio and video recordings of different years, the authors tried to identify the most significant of them by applying the method of comparative analysis. These are interpretations of the role by the Russian singers F. Shaliapin, E. Nesterenko, I. Abdrazakov, also by the Bulgarian basses B. Hristov and N. Ghiaurov.

The purpose of the study was to conduct a comparative study of the synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines, the state of cellular immunity, free radical oxidation reactions and antioxidant protection in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis with and without relapse. Material and methods. The study was carried out on two groups of patients: the first group basic which included 39 patients with relapsed pulmonary tuberculosis (TBR); 2nd control group 39 patients with non-relapsed pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-2 IL-6), CD-3 lymphocyte content, lymphocyte blast transformation response to phytohemagglutinin and tuberculin, NBT-test, AOPP, SOD, and catalase were determined in patients of both groups and healthy people. Results. In patients with tuberculosis with relapses, compared with patients without relapses, complaints of cough and dyspnea were more often presented, a longer duration of hospitalization, late abacillation. In patients with relapses, a pronounced suppression of the functional and specific activity of lymphocytes and neutrophils was noted, which is confirmed by high levels of lipid peroxidation (Advanced Oxidation Protein Products AORP) and low levels of the antioxidant system (SOD and catalase). The high content of pro-inflammatory cytokines in patients with relapses indicates a higher activity of the inflammatory process in these patients and corresponds to a low blast formation rate for both phytohemagglutinin and tuberculin. Conclusion. Сhanges in the content of pro-inflammatory cytokines, the state of cellular immunity and the characteristics of reactions of free radical oxidation and antioxidant protection indicate a higher activity of the inflammatory process in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis with relapses compared to patients without relapses, which led to a longer duration of hospitalization, late abacillation.

To estimate the interrelations between thyroid profile, some cytokines and clinical severity of new case of cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis 43 patients with cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis and 10 healthy volunteers were studied. Thyroid glands of all patients before chemotherapy and volunteers from control group were examined by ultrasound. The levels of free thyroxine, thyroid stimulating hormone and antibodies to thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase in the serum were defined. At the same time the levels of tumor necrosis tumor necrosis factor, interferon-gamma and interleukin-2, -6, and -4 were measured. Correlations between clinical severity of new case of pulmonary tuberculosis, thyroid functions, and these cytokines were studied. The pathological changes of thyroid echo structures were recovered in more than half of patients. The level of thyroxine in tuberculous patients was decreased down to lower-normal significance. In tuberculous patients with pathological echo structure of the thyroid the thyroxine level decreasing was more significant. The thyroxine stimulating hormone level was increased in these patients. The increasing of tumor necrosis tumor factor and the interleukin-6 levels and the decreasing of interleukin-4 level were demonstrated in tuberculous patients comparing with healthy persons. Positive correlation between clinical severity of new case of pulmonary tuberculosis, thyroid functions, and these cytokines were determined. The high percentage defined cases of thyroid pathology in tuberculous patients is caused the necessity the screening of thyroid function in tuberculous patients for in time diagnosis of its subclinical disorders and their correction to restore cytokines balance and improving of antituberculosis chemotherapy efficacy.

Obiectiv: Studierea eficacităţii utilizării blocatorului receptorilor AT II Valsartan (V) și inhibitorului enzimei de conversie a angiotenzinei II (ACE) Perindopril (P) asupra presiunii sistolice (PSAP) şi medii (PMAP) în artera pulmonară şi funcţiei endoteliale vasculare (FE) la pacienţi cu bronhopneumopatie obstructivă cronică (BPOC). Materiale şi metode: Au fost examinaţi 31 pacienţi (28 bărbaţi și 3 femei) cu BPOC de gravitate moderată şi severă (conform standardului GOLD), vârsta medie 52,5±4,14 ani - iniţial şi după 5 săptămâni de tratament cu V (doză medie 54,5±15,4 mg) și 31 pacienți, tratați cu P(doză medie 2,9±1,5 mg), utilizând spirometrie, ECG standard, Duplex Color (estimarea FE) și EcoCG cu Doppler. Resultate: Analiza comparativă eficacităţii utilizării V și P n-a relevat agravarea evoluţiei BPOC şi sindromului bronhoobstructiv. După tratamentul efectuat cu V și P s-a constatat ameliorarea semnificativă a FE, paralel cu reducerea considerabilă a PSAP şi PMAP. Conclusii: V și P sunt bine tolerați şi înalt efectivi în controlul HP și FE și funcţiei endoteliale la pacienţii cu BPOC(p=0,002-0,032).

Analiza practicii judiciare arată că nu întotdeauna calificarea infracţiunilor în care cardurile bancare apar ca obiect material (produs) sau ca mijloc de săvârșire este conformă cu principiul legalităţii. În studiul de faţă, prin analiza erorilor de calificare a unor asemenea infracţiuni, se urmărește reducerea numărului erorilor respective. La concret, erorile analizate se referă la: participaţia la una dintre infracţiunile prevăzute de art. 237 CP RM; calificarea faptei de procurare (și păstrare) a unor carduri bancare false; aplicarea art. 237 CP RM pentru obţinerea de beneficii materiale prin accesarea ilegală a unor conturi de card, în lipsa fabricării, în scopul punerii în circulaţie a cardurilor bancare false; aplicarea art. 186 CP RM pentru obţinerea ilegală, cu ajutorul unor carduri bancare false, de mijloace bănești aferente unor conturi de card.

Introduction. Sugar consumed in reasonable quantities plays a beneficial role for the human body. In recent decades, however, it has been found that increased sugar consumption has negative effects on the health of the population. Material and methods. The paper presents a synthesis of official international and national documents and bibliographic sources on the occurrence of certain non-communicable diseases (NCDs) as a result of excessive sugar consumption. A focused search of literature sources was conducted using the Google Scholar search engine, PubMed, Research for Life, and Medline databases. The criteria for selecting the items included health problems caused by excessive sugar consumption. Results. Excessive sugar consumption contributes to the emergence of various NBTs such as circulatory system diseases, type 2 diabetes and a. Excessive sugar consumption has a major contribution to the phenomenon of overweight and obesity with its consequences. Excess sugar in the daily diet is one of the main causes of tooth decay. According to WHO recommendations, complex, multi-sectoral interventions are needed to reduce sugar consumption. Conclusions. In order to prevent NCDs associated with the nutritional factor, especially with excessive sugar consumption, in the Republic of Moldova, it is important to implement cost-effective interventions both socially and economically.

Obiective. Studierea și sinteza viziunilor chirurgilor operatori privind evaluarea și abordarea problemelor etice asociate cu abandonarea corpurilor străine textile în cavitatea abdominală, precum și opiniile acestora referitoare la cea mai bună modalitate de a gestiona potențialele consecințe legale ale unor astfel de cazuri în comparație cu actualele standarde internaționale. Materiale și metode. Acesta este un studiu observațional transversal realizat prin intermediul unui sondaj distribuit sub formă de chestionare tipărite sau electronice, în principal chirurgilor abdominali și obstetricieni-ginecologi operatori, precum și o trecere în revistă a literaturii medicale de specialitate. Rezultate. Au fost recepționate 241 de chestionare completate cu răspunsuri detaliate despre specificul specialității chirurgicale și vechimea în muncă a medicului; experiența personală cu corpurilor străine textile abdominale omise, inclusiv numărul de cazuri cunoscute și timpul de diagnosticare; factori de risc și măsuri preventive; evaluarea și abordarea problemelor etice asociate cu reținerea corpurilor străine, precum și opiniile lor cu privire la modul cel mai bun de a gestiona potențialele implicații legale. Majoritatea chirurgilor abdominali și ginecologii operatori au întâlnit cazuri de corpuri străine textile reținute, în cadrul activității lor profesionale. Jumătate dintre respondenți au caracterizat corpuri străine textile ca fiind o eroare medicală gravă care se încadrează în definiția de malpraxis. Concluzii. Studiul de față a relevat contradicții semnificative între angajamentul declarat al chirurgilor și ginecologilor față de cerințele eticii medicale moderne și aplicarea acestora în practica cotidiană. Riscul de eroare umană nu poate fi eliminat complet într-un mediu chirurgical imprevizibil și complex, astfel încât responsabilitatea individuală pentru cazurile de corpuri străine textile reținute trebuie să fie însoțite de îmbunătățiri sistemice.

The article contains information about the monographic studies, which investigate the biography of the outstanding singer and film actress of the first half of the 20th century - Maria Cebotari. This subject constituted a field of research both for the authors of monographs contemporary to the prima donna and those of our days - representatives of different countries and specializations. In this context, the most important of their works (books, brochures, articles), which have scientific value are described and analyzed. Although M. Cebotari`s biography is widely presented, it can be supplemented with new investigations, thanks to the immense artistic heritage of the diva