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This study offers a comparative assessment of two methodologies for mitigating soil swelling in marl and clay soils. The methods under investigation include the use of natural plant fibers (Alfa, jute, sisal) and polypropylene fibers in combination with lime-pozzolana cement. Laboratory tests, including Proctor compaction tests, and swell potential assessments, were conducted to assess the effectiveness of each method. The findings reveal that both natural plant fibers and polypropylene fibers, when combined with lime-pozzolana cement, effectively reduce soil swelling. The study underscores the promise of eco-friendly natural plant fibers and the durability of polypropylene fibers as viable solutions for soil stabilization. Furthermore, incorporating lime-pozzolana cement enhances both methods performance, providing an additional layer of soil stability. This research contributes valuable insights to geotechnical engineering projects dealing with marl and clay soils. It aids in the selection of suitable soil stabilization techniques, considering project-specific needs and sustainability concerns. Ultimately, this study advances the field of geotechnical engineering by promoting environmentally conscious and resilient solutions to address soil swelling in clay and marl soils.

Due to an increase in energy price and pollution plus environmental regulations, companies start to adopt green policies. In fact, companies are encouraged by governments to develop strategies to achieve more sustainable operations. Based on this literature review the contribution of Lean Manufacturing on environmental performances will be discussed, a survey of 50 different automotive companies based in Morocco, shows how they are carrying out manufacturing and environmental practices. The result of this study shows a positive impact of advanced Lean Manufacturing’s tools on the environmental performance and contribute to the present literature on environmentally friendly Manufacturing. The findings and proposals of this paper can be a beginning step for Moroccan companies to completely use their capability of environmental practices and improve their manufacturing productivity performance while identifying trends in organizational development.

Introduction. Currently, indications for intracorporeal lithotripsy of ureteral stones with sizes up to 10 mm inclusively of different localization are established. However, there is no consensus was reached on the preferences of this type of surgery over other existing one in the case of proximal ureteral obstruction by a stones greater than 10 mm in size. Endoscopic ureterolithotripsy is associated with existing studies on the effectiveness and safety of this method. Thus, it is important to continue conducting comparative studies in this direction.Materials and methods. 54 patients with proximal ureteral stones larger than 10 mm in size were investigated. All patients underwent Semi-Rigid Ureteroscopy and Laser Lithotripsy (SRULL) using a semi-rigid ureteroscope. Patients was stratified into several groups in accordance with the size of stones according to the actual AUA classification: group A (n - 46), the dimensions of ureteral stones from 11 to 20 mm inclusive and group B (n - 8), the size of stones over 20 mm. Criterion for the effectiveness of treatment was to achieve the "Stone Free" level after performing lithotripsy. Indicator of treatment failure was the impossibility of complete removal of ureteral stone within one surgical procedure without its expansion. Statistical data processing was performed using non-parametric data analysis methods applying the STATISTICA 10 (StatSoft Inc., USA) software package.Results. Larger stones compared to higher density. Obstruction symptoms such as hydronephrosis, nausea and vomiting, gross hematuria were more common with stones > 20 mm. Treatment duration in patient groups is similar despite differences in the number of complications and the incidence of postoperative ureteral stenting. At the same time, operation time depended on stone size and density. Surgery efficacy in patient groups was comparable and met 78.3% in group A versus 75.0% in group B.Conclusion. Inflammatory and destructive changes in the ureter wall are more common with stones greater than 20 mm, which affects the incidence of postoperative complications. Increasing the operation duration and frequency of proximal fragments' migration are determined by increasing of the stones' size and density. SRULL important feature is the lack of statistical difference in the effectiveness with the different sizes of stones. In addition, the achievement of "Stone Free" level for various size's stones does not exceed one day. Performing a SRULL of proximal ureter's large stones on the first day of a patient's hospitalization is accompanied by greater treatment efficacy. It statistically reliably determines the reduction in the frequency of postoperative complications.

Climate is one of the important factors in architecture. The historical architecture experience of the inhabitants of the desert zones has created invaluable knowledge on the design of residential environments in these aggressive conditions. Climate also is an important ecological component in the formation of vernacular architecture in the Saharan desert, it had a strong influence on the formation of desert settlements, the Saharan traditional dwellings are an indispensable source for studying organizations and architectural typologies and the adaption to the harsh climate. The article discusses the climatic conditions in which the dwellings in the Sahara desert were built and the important strategies and passive climatization techniques of the design of the dwellings and presents a review of the various techniques developed. These various passive methods and strategies give the Saharan dwellings, adaptation, efficiency, and durability in these hot-arid conditions of the desert and can be a great source of architectural inspiration for new projects.

For safety and radioprotection reasons in radiotherapy treatment, the exit dose is evaluated with irradiation field size and photon beam energy. The objective of this study is to introduce an empirical law for predicting the delivered dose at the other side of patient while radiotherapy treatment of cancer. In this study, the exit dose is the delivered dose out of the phantom on beam central axis. The measurements of percentage depth dose were done as a function of irradiation field size with an uncertainty of 2 % as recommended by IAEA protocols for two photon beam energies 6 and 18 MV. For high radioprotection quality inside radiotherapy department, an empirical law is elaborated with a reliability of 97 %. Thereafter, it consists a basic law that should be used theoretically to know the delivered dose variation with field size at the exit dose point for knowing the behavior of dose outside of radiotherapy treatment region. The medical physicists and physicians should take this law in radiotherapy treatment of the cancer.

Current studies show that metabolic and behavioral disorders represent severe health problems. Several questions arise about the molecular relationship of metabolic and behavioral disorders. This review will discuss the relationship of lipid metabolism and fructose consumption accompanied by an increase in weight as well as associated disorders: hypertension, insulin-resistance, oxidative stress and depression. Adipose tissue is considered as an endocrine tissue with intense secretory activities (metabolic and inflammatory). These adipokines are responsible for an alteration of several physiological functions. In this review we will try to understand how lipogenesis that causes dyslipidemia can influence insulin resistance, hypertension, oxidative stress, depression and the relationship between these various disorders.

We apply the Small Baseline Subset (SBAS) Differential SAR interferometry (DInSAR) method to monitor ground movement following several earthquakes between 12.09.2015 and 10.03.2016 in Al Hoceïma, Morocco. The study focuses on selecting and stacking multiple interferograms to attenuate the atmospheric noise while preserving the interferometric measurement of the deformation signal. The selection process is discussed to reduce the effect of stacking small signal. We generated 25 interferograms covering the above time span using Sentinel-1 images. Cumulative displacement of -8 to 8 mm was detected in the Rif Mountains and around the epicenter of the 24 February 2004 earthquake.

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) has proven efficacy in the treatment of proximal ureteral stones. The research to date has not been able to establish real time to spontaneous stone clearance after ESWL and the appropriateness and effectiveness of -blockers in stimulating residual stone clearance after ESWL., Aim: To conduct a comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of ESWL in treating proximal ureteral stones and determine the appropriateness of using -blockers to stimulate residual stone clearance., Materials and Methods: ESWL was performed in 40 patients with X-ray positive proximal ureteral stones. Before ESWL and at 3 months after the treatment all patients underwent multispiral computed tomography. ESWL was considered successful if there was a complete clearance of the stones with no residual fragments on the control MSCT. If a residual ureteral stone was found at 3 months after ESWL, a 2-week course of silodosin was administered., Results: Complete stone clearance was achieved in 37.5% of patients. Silodosin therapy for residual stones resulted in stone clearance in 68.4% of cases. Taken together, ESWL monotherapy and additional 3 months of lithokinetic therapy resulted in stone clearance in 70.0% of patients. The remaining patients underwent contact ureteral lithotripsy., Conclusion: Spontaneous stone passage after ESWL for proximal ureteral stones occurs not in all patients. Most commonly it occurred during the first three weeks after ESWL, and thereafter stone passage was not observed. In half of the patients with residual stones they were asymptomatic. The effectiveness of ESWL as a monotherapy for ureteral stones greater than 15 mm is incomplete. Adding silodosin during the long-term post ESWL period improves the passage of asymptomatic residual stones in 2/3 of patients, which makes its use promising.