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The use of modern pharmaceuticals and cardiovascular disease (CVD) treatment methods has increased life expectancy and improved the quality of life of both patients with normal carbohydrate metabolism and diabetes mellitus (DM). This study provides a review of the literature on glycaemic control and choice of glucose-lowering therapy in patients with type 2 DM (T2DM) and CVD. According to the latest recommendations for the prevention of CVD, the target level of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) should be less than 7.0% and 7.5%–8.0% in older patients to decrease the risk of hypoglycaemia. The target blood glucose level is 7.7–10 mmol/L. The results of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) revealed that the adverse effects of second-generation sulfonylureas include critical hypoglycaemia episodes and increases in CVD-associated complications and mortality. Metformin reduces the risk of CVD in comparison with second-generation sulfonylurea derivates and insulin. Thiazolidinediones are not currently used for patients with CVD, and the safety of GLP-1 analogues and SGLT-2 inhibitors is still under investigation. When metformin therapy is ineffective, DPP-4 inhibitors should be prescribed and renal function should be monitored. Metformin is contra-indicated in patients with severe chronic heart failure (CHF) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) because of the risk of lactic acidosis with tissue hypoxia. Thus, insulin is the drug of choice for glycaemic control in CVD patients with chronic kidney disease, severe heart failure or other acute clinical conditions.

To determine the prevalence of fatty liver as in patients with diabetes and implemented risk of chronic hyperglycemia: ischaemic heart disease and stroke. Methods: 1125 people, men — 552 women — 573 with ischaemic heart disease or stroke. Diabetes mellitus — 194, intermediate hyperglycaemia — 87. The age of patients from 54 to 92 years, mean age 69 ± 10.1 years. Results: the differences in the incidence of NAFLD in patients with diabetes and IGT — not found. Acute CVD in patients with both diabetes and with IG recorded during ultrasonic of the liver without NAFLD. Conclusion: the detection rate of NAFLD patients with DM and acute CVD ––13.9%.