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The article presents an improved technique for determining the required value of the image quality criterion for detection systems operating under distortion conditions. The calculated level of the quality indicator should be used to determine the fact of image distortion. On the basis of the proposed technique, a method of correlation detection in conditions of "smudge" and "defocusing" type distortions has been developed. The developed method of correlation detection is distinguished by the introduction of three stages: identification of distortions in the current image; formation of the convolution core based on the type and parameters of distortion; calculation of the number of iterations based on the required and current value of the image quality criterion. This made it possible to ensure the operation of the correlation detection method in conditions of distortion.

This paper discusses the use of the interpolation method for the sequential calculation of the Fourier spectrum (IMSCS) for retouching and restoration of missing (shaded) image fragments. The proposed approach can be used with any form of a missing image fragment. Such image processing can give good results even at a significantly high percentage of missing image fragments. The method of digital virtual image reconstruction proposed here is strictly based on a scientific approach; as the source data, it uses all the data available (the image itself is the object to be recovered). Therefore, it is free from the human factor, because of which subjective changes can be introduced in the image under processing. The results presented indicate a significant increase in the quality of digital images (increasing the information content), which can offer helpful auxiliary tools for professionals using these images for their practical purposes.

Subject of Research. The paper presents research of image restoration quality decrease for the super-resolution structured illumination microscopy in case of defocus and aberrations affecting resulting image. Method. In order to improve restoration image quality, we propose image preprocessing procedure for compensation of defocus and aberrations along with point spread function reconstruction, based on Fourier optics theory and preliminary system calibration. We also propose a technique for automatic point spread function model adaptation to a defocus value by means of acquired images analysis, taking into account input data redundancy of structured illumination microscopy. Main Results. The proposed technique provides opportunity to reduce reconstructed image artifacts for systems with aberrations and unknown defocus to the same level as can be achieved with the diffraction-limited optics. Obtained simulation results demonstrate three-four-fold artifact amplitude decrease for reconstructed images for systems with aberrations, that can be expected for commercially-available objectives. Practical Relevance. Research results are applicable for image restoration quality improvement in super-resolution structured illumination microscopes, and also decrease the cost of new systems by means of non-specific optics without sacrificing high quality of resulting image.

General methods for solving the problem of image reconstruction are analyzed. Based on it results, the main drawbacks of the recovery methods are highlighted, the methods for further investigation are chosen.