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In this article, the authors propose the study revealed that we need to search for the biographies and books of the remaining Mongolian lama. Luvsanjambaa is one of the Mongolian lamas (monks) who wrote many books and works in the Tibetan language and a disciple of the Dalai Günii Khüree, who lived from the last half of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century. The contents of his books indicate that Luvsanjambaa is a person who has the talent to write books and the ability to teach. He wrote his books for the Mongolian VIII Bogd Agvaan Luvsan Choijinnyam Danzin Vanchüg, Bigchüsumadi, Lama Luvsan Chimed Dorj, Namjal Sodnom Vanchüg , Dagva Luvsan, Tsorj lama Luvsan Tseveen Ravdan of the Western Monastery (Shangkh Monastery was located in Kharkhorin soum area of Ӧverkhangai province of present-day Mongolia) and respecting them as teachers. Among the books and works of these high lamas, the books of the VIII Bogd Agvaan Luvsan Choijinnyam Danzin Vanchüg, lama Luvsan Chimed Dorj and Namjal Sodnom Vanchüg, and the Tsorj lama Luvsan Tseveen Ravdan of the Western Monastery have now entered the circulation of current academic research. Also, it is clear that Luvsanjamba’s books written in the Tibetan language are valuable materials for the history of Mongolian religion, the study of religious rituals, and the study of Mongolian historical literature written in Tibetan.

Introduction. The article examines historical sources dealing with Lama Zodbo-Arakba Samtanov, the Head Lama of Buddhists of the Kalmyk steppe in 1873–1886, in terms of interaction between the Russian state administration and Kalmyk Buddhists. Data and methods. The research is based on historical-descriptive and comparative methods of historical analysis. Its focus is on the archive documents, including the memorandum of 21 January 1880 directed by the Head Lama of Kalmyk Buddhists Zodbo-Arakba Samtanov to the Minister of State Property A. A. Liven and the 1886 article ”Smert´poslednego lamy” (Death of the Last Lama) in the local newspaper Astrakhanskii spravochnyi listok. Results. This paper has examined the historical sources pertaining to Lama Samtanov’s biography. Of particular interest for the research was the evidence of his participation in the interdepartment discussions on a number of urgent issues of the second half of the nineteenth century, such as the staff of Kalmyk Buddhist monasteries being reduced and the traditional Buddhist education of Kalmyks being restricted. Also, the article focuses on the description of the ritual of Lama’s cremation that took place on 14 December 1886. Conclusions. The second half of the nineteenth century saw a more active interaction between the Buddhists of the Kalmyk steppe and Russian state ministeries and departments dealing with Kalmyk affairs. The Kalmyk senior lamas participated in a dialogue with Russian officials in an effort to defend their system of Buddhist monasteries and the traditional rules and customs of the local Buddhists. Lama Samtanov’s memorandum is a vivid example of interaction between Kalmyk Buddhists and the administration of the Russian Empire. The article ”Death of the Last Lama” in Astrakhanskii spravochnyi listok that describes the ritual of Lama’s cremation is not only a valuable source but also the evidence that shows some of the local journalists’ positive attitudes towards the Buddhist monasteries’ role in the life of Kalmyks in the late nineteenth century.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is today one of the socially significant diseases, and its treatment remains a major medical problem.Currently, the main goals of treating patients with COPD are: eliminating symptoms and improving the quality of life, preventing exacerbations and reducing future risks, slowing the progression of the disease and reducing mortality.The article presents a clinical case from the practice of a patient with COPD who received tiotropium bromidi as monotherapy. The patient had significant impaired airway patency during spirometry, a decrease in exercise tolerance. The patient was assigned a new representative of combination preparations with a 24-hour action – Anoro Ellipta® (Vilanterol + Umeklidiniy) 22/55 mcg, with a new drug delivery vehicle. After 6 months of therapy with Anoro Ellipt®, the patient has increased exercise tolerance, improved pulmonary function, as well as quality of life.

The article is devoted to the study of the early connections of the Manchu rulers with the highest leadership of Tibetan Buddhism. Probably, the countdown should be conducted from the 1620s, when the Manchus intensified their interaction with the Mongolian peoples (Chakhars), where the Tibetan lamas already had strong positions. Further development of Buddhism among the Manchus happened due to the important political events: the coming of the Dalai Lama to power in Tibet in 1642, and the seizure of Beijing by a new Qing dynasty in 1644. For the new rulers of China, lamas had been of the fundamental importance, because, thanks to their support, the Manchus have had the right to claim succession of the government (the mandate of Heaven) from the Mongol Yuan dynasty, and at the same time, they were able to appease the Mongols. Apparently, after a visit to Beijing by the Dalai Lama in 1652, a new phase of the relationship between emperors and lamas began, which brought the Qing China to clashes with the Dzhungar Oirats.

Species composition and abundance of zooplankton and zoobenthos of large Norilsk Lakes (Lama, Sobach’e) and Kutaramakan Lake in the western part of the Putorana plateau were studied in August-September of 2013–2014 after a long gap. Senecella calanoides Juday (Copepoda: Calanoida) in zooplankton and 5 species of water mites (Acalyptonotus violaceus Walter, Hygrobates (Hygrobates) foreli (Lebert), Lebertia (Mixolebertia) densa Koenike, Lebertia (Pilolebertia) porosa Thor, Oxus (Gnaphiscus) setosus (Koenike) (Hydrachnidia)) in zoobenthos were recorded for the first time in the investigated lakes. A total of 64 taxa of benthic invertebrates were found, of which 42 taxa were Chironomidae. Zooplankton species composition of Lama and Cobach’e lakes was similar and differed from that of Kutaramakan lake by presence of Senecella calanoides and Limnocalanus macrurus Sars (Copepoda: Calanoida). In zoobenthos of Kutaramakan lake amphipods were not found. Lama and Kutaramakan lakes can be classified as ultraoligotrophic water bodies based on biomass of zooplankton and zoobenthos. Among the studied lakes, Cobach’e lake has the greatest biomass, and based on the biomass of zooplankton in some zones of > 0.5 g/m3, it is an oligotrophic water body, and based on an average biomass of zoobenthos 3.85 g/m2 an α-mesotrophic one

The paper discusses the nature cults of the Tuvans living in Tyva Republic, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China and Kobdos aimak of Mongolia in the comparative aspect. The special attention is paid to the various ceremonies and the customs connected with nature cults which are observed and in modern time. The paper shows that at the present stage the nature cults are experiencing some changes.