Search

Your search keyword '"microparticles"' showing total 30 results
Start Over Descriptor "microparticles" Language russian

Refine your results

more »

more »

more »
30 results on '"microparticles"'

1. Positively Charged Microparticle in Plasma with High-Energy Electron Beam

Author

Aleksander A. Bizyukov, Dmitry V. Chibisov, Oleksandr D. Chibisov, Oksana A. Zhernovnykova, Kostyantyn V. Borysenko, Dmytro Ye. Bobyliev, and Oksana H. Shtonda

Subjects
microparticles, producing plasma, electron beam, evaporation of microparticles, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The processes of recharging, heating and evaporation of a positively charged microparticle (MP) introduced into the plasma with an injected high-energy electron beam are considered. It is assumed that the MP is charged outside the plasma and then introduced into the plasma by an accelerating field, where plasma and beam electrons hitting the MP heat and evaporate it. In addition to introducing the MP into the plasma, the positive MP charge provides an additional source of energy needed to heat and evaporate it. Using the OML theory, the system of current and energy balance equations was numerically solved and the conditions, under which the MP is heated to the boiling point of its substance, resulting in its intense evaporation, were determined. The influence of the energy of the electron beam on the process of MP recharging, as well as on the rate of its heating and evaporation, has been studied. An estimate of the particle entry velocity into the plasma has been made; the distances at which its recharging, heating to the boiling point and complete evaporation occur are determined. The work is carried out in order to creating plasma of a given elemental composition.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

2. Peculiarities of bioaccumulation and toxic effects produced by copper oxide (ii) nanoparti-cles on the respiratory organs under inhalation exposure as opposed to their micro-sized chemical analogue: assessment for prevention purposes

Author

M.S. Stepankov

Subjects
copper (ii) oxide, nanoparticles, microparticles, inhalation exposure, bioaccumulation, toxic effect, cellular phagocytic activity, wistar rats, Medicine
Abstract

At present, it is quite relevant to get better insight into parameters and peculiarities of deleterious effects produced by copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) on the respiratory organs under inhalation exposure. This will help develop more effective prevention measures. The aim of this study was to assess peculiarities of bioaccumulation and toxic effects produced by CuO NPs on the respiratory organs as opposed to their micro-sized analogue in experimental modeling of inhalation exposure for prevention purposes. We established physical properties of the tested materials. Experimental studies were accomplished on Wistar rats. The experimental animals underwent a single 4-hour inhalation exposure to a concentration of ~4 mg/m3; a subchronic inhalation exposure to a concentration of 1.2–1.4 mg/m3; a single intratracheal exposure to a dose of 0.005 grams per one rat. We examined peculiarities of NPs bioaccumulation, their influence on the cellular population of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), development of pathomorphological disorders in tissues, and the lung mass in comparison with the micro-sized analogue. CuO NPs, as opposed to their micro-sized analogue, are smaller in size, have smaller hydrodynamic diameters, greater specific surface area and greater total pore volume; these properties determine their greater permeability. Bioaccumulation in the lungs, which was identified for NPs and MPs, is comparable under a single inhalation exposure. Under chronic exposure, NPs tend to bioaccumulate more intensively. A single intratracheal exposure induces more apparent changes in the BALF cellular population. Exposure to NPs causes emphysema, edema, and erythrocyte exudation in the lungs whereas these effects are not identified under exposure to MPs. Therefore, CuO NPs tend to accumulate more intensively and have more deleterious toxic effects on the respiratory organs (the lungs) than their micro-sized chemical analogue under a single intratracheal exposure (0.005 grams per one rat) and subchronic inhalation exposure (1.2 mg/m3). The study results should be considered when developing activities aimed at preventing negative health outcomes in the respiratory organs under inhalation exposure to the analyzed nanomaterial.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

3. The potential role of micro- and nanoplastics in the spread of viruses

Author

B. G. Andryukov, N. N. Besednova, T. S. Zaporozhets, A. A. Yakovlev, E. V. Matosova, S. P. Kryzhanovsky, and M. Yu. Shchelkanov

Subjects
microplastic, nanoplastic, viruses, plastisphera, microparticles, pathogens, microorganisms, biofilms, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

The review presents recent materials about the growing influence of micro- and nanoplastics (MP/NP) on the spread of pathogenic viruses in humans and animals. The issue of the interaction of viruses with the plastisphere, the role of the virus envelope in the preservation of these microorganisms on microparticles in the composition of the biofilm has been elucidated. The issues of synergism of the pathogenetic action of MP/NP and viruses, studied on various models, are discussed. The article shows the negative effect of MP/NP on the permeability of the body's natural barriers, which can create favorable conditions for the penetration of viruses and the development of an infectious process. The authors draw attention to the need to expand interdisciplinary research in this area, given the fact that viruses residing on MP/NP can increase their infectivity and, possibly, form new genovariants.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

4. Flow Dispersion for Obtaining Ivermectin Encapsulated in Polycaprolactone Microparticles

Author

O. I. Rybchenko, V. V. Suslov, S. A. Kedik, Yu. M. Domnina, and A. I. Mogaibo

Subjects
ivermectin, polycaprolactone, microparticles, microfluidic device, prolonged-release drug, injectable drug, Pharmaceutical industry, HD9665-9675
Abstract

Introduction. Ivermectin is an antiparasitic drug that has been widely used in veterinary medicine. Parasitic diseases of farm animals cause great economic damage and pose the risk of human infection. Prolonged dosage forms of ivermectin are effective against them. The first step in the creation of such a drug was the preparation and study of polymeric microparticles of polycaprolactone with encapsulated ivermectin.Aim. Obtaining polymeric microparticles of polycaprolactone with encapsulated ivermectin using a continuous flow-through unit.Materials and methods. The object of the study was microparticles of polycaprolactone with encapsulated ivermectin obtained on a continuous flow-through unit. Determination of the average particle size and size distribution was carried out by the method of laser diffraction. Microscopy was used to visually assess the shape and size of the microparticles. UV – spectrophotometry was use to quantitative determination of ivermectin.Results and discussion. Polymeric microparticles of polycaprolactone with encapsulated ivermectin was obtained and had an average size of 126.63 ± 42.67 μm and contained 32,73–62,00 % of ivermectin. Suspensions prepared from the obtained microparticles were passed through a 20G injection needle without noticeable resistance, which indicates the possibility of their use as the basis of an injectable preparation.Conclusion. Obtained results confirm the possibility of using flow-through dispersion using a device developed by us for obtaining polycaprolactone microparticles with encapsulated ivermectin, which are suitable for injection. Thus, the results obtained make it possible to continue studies of microparticles and create a drug based on them.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

5. Devices and Methods for Measuring of the Ambient Air Dust. Short Review

Author

N. I. Mukhurov, A. A. Khodin, and Y.-J. Kim

Subjects
microparticles, detector, lab-on-chip, alumina technology, prototype, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040
Abstract

The main characteristics of airborne micro/nanoparticles, their impact on human health and air quality standards are presented. International standards classify microparticles by size (PM10, PM2.5, PM1, UFP), establish maximum allowable concentrations and control methods. Particular attention is paid to carbonand virus-containing microparticles control. To monitor the air environment in enclosed spaces and in transport, the portable sensors of micro-, nanoparticles are required with the ability to classify them by size and electrophysical characteristics.Detection of microparticles includes the sorting of particles entering the sensor by size and material type, subsequent actual detection of particles of the same kind, with subsequent classification by size, electrical and morphological characteristics. Separation of nanoand microparticles by size before detection improves the sensitivity and selectivity of the detector both in size and material. The virtual impactor and dielectrophoresis method are considered for integration in a Lab-on-Chip type sensor. Detection of microparticles is performed by separating the dispersed phase from the aerosol followed by the analysis, or directly in the air flow. The classification of detection methods according to speed and functionality is given. Among the methods allowing detection of micrometer and submicrometer size particles, the most suitable for miniaturization and serial production of Lab-on-Chip sensors are the multi-wavelength photoelectric, MEMS, and capacitor elements.The microelectromechanics, microfluidics and microoptics technologies make it possible to create portable sensor systems of the Lab-on-Chip type to detect particulates matter of micrometer and submicrometer size. A micro-, nanoparticles detector prototype based on alumina technology using MEMS elements for a compact Lab-on-Chip type sensor is presented. The proposed design for multifunctional portable detector of airborne micro/nanoparticles is prospective for industry, transport, medicine, public and residential buildings applications.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

6. SEARCH FOR AEROSOL MICROPARTICLES IN DATED LAYERS OF BOTTOM SEDIMENTS USING SYNCHROTRON RADIATION

Author

A. V. Darin, F. A. Darin, Ya. V. Rakshun, D. S. Sorokoletov, A. A. Gogin, and R. A. Senin

Subjects
synchrotron radiation, micro-xrf, bottom sediments, microparticles, tunguska nature reserve, extraterrestrial matter, Science
Abstract

The SR-micro-XRF method was used to search for microparticles of extraterrestrial matter in the bottom sediments of Lake Zapovednoye, located 60 km from the epicentre of the explosion of the Tunguska cosmic body (TCB) in 1908. The material of bottom sediments dating back to 1908–1910 was studied. The samples for the study were prepared in the form of a powder applied to a conductive adhesive tape, which made it possible to combine the data of optical observations, electron microscopy, and micro-XRF scanning. The experiments were carried out at the Large-Scale Research Facilities "Kurchatov Centre for Synchrotron Research" using a confocal X-ray microscope developed at the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS. The data obtained indicate the presence of microparticles with an increased Ni/Fe ratio, possibly of extraterrestrial origin.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

7. Grculation of microparticles of lymphocytic origin at critical ischemia of the lower extremities

Author

Y. S. Vinnik, S. S. Dunayevskaya, and D. A. Antyufriyeva

Subjects
lymphocytes, microparticles, ischemia, atherosclerosis, pathogenesis, endothelial dysfunction, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract

Great scientific interest to problems of obliterating atherosclerosis of vessels of the lower extremities is caused by increase in incidence of this pathology and multidisciplinary approach in diagnostics and treatment the research objective: to study interrelations between quantity of the circulating microparticles of lymphocytic origin and development of critical ischemia of the lower extremities. The executed research belonged to cohort prospective researches. Two studied groups were created: 1st group included 75 patients with ischemia IIB degrees on Pokrovsky—Fontaine's classification. The 2nd group included 75 patients with clinical manifestations of critical ischemia. Also, the group of control of 75 almost healthy faces which do not have symptoms of obliterating diseases of vessels of the lower extremities was created. For objectification of assessment of degree of ischemia measured anklebone’s arterial blood pressure, the anklebone-humeral index, toe’s arterial blood pressure, Transcutaneous tension of oxygen in foot fingers. For blood-groove assessment in arteries of the lower extremities used ultrasonic doppler sonography of arteries of the lower extremities and the KT-angiography. The research was conducted at arrival of the patient in a hospital prior to therapy. Lymphocytes and the circulating microparticles defined according to the standard protocol. At almost healthy faces the number of the circulating microparticles of lymphocytic origin made of control group 385 (260479) on 100 lymphocytes. In 1st group this indicator was twice higher and made 728 (654-836) (p1 = 0.002). In the 2nd group it was 5 times higher, than in group of control and authentically differed from an indicator of 1st group (1570 (1124-2120) (p1< 0.001, p2 = 0.002) the Correlation coefficient between number of the circulating microparticles and anklebone’s arterial blood pressure rS = -0.82 (p = 0.003), Correlation between the anklebone-humeral index and number of microparticles was equal to rS = -0.92 (p < 0.001). Toe’s arterial blood pressure had average force negative correlation with number of microparticles. The transcutaneous tension of oxygen and number of microparticles had a correlation coefficient equal rS = -0.89 (p = 0.002). The correlation coefficient between a gleam of the general femoral artery and number of microparticles of lymphocytic origin made rS = -0.44 (p = 0.016). A correlation coefficient between a gleam of a superficial femoral artery and number of microparticles of rS = -0.64 (p = 0.002). Negative correlations of number of microparticles with the kept gleam of a popliteal artery — rS = -0.79 (p < 0.001), and a back tibial artery — rS = -0.86 were high, (p < 0.001). Very high negative correlation coefficient was between the kept gleam of a lobby tibial and number of microparticles of lymphocytic origin of rS = -0.91 (p = 0.003). The revealed high and very high correlation bonds between number of the circulating microparticles of lymphocytic origin and indicators of a condition of an arterial blood-groove of the lower extremities, and the kept gleam of arteries of the lower extremities allow to speak about the prospects of use of microparticles as pathogenetic marker of critical ischemia of the lower extremities.

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

8. Method of Measuring Deformations of Magnetoactive Elastomers under the Action of Magnetic Fields

Author

D. V. Saveliev, L. Yu. Fetisov, D. V. Chashin, P. A. Shabin, D. A. Vyunik, F. A. Fedulov, W. Kettl, and M. Shamonin

Subjects
magnetoactive elastomers, magnetostriction, magnetodeformation, ferromagnetics, microparticles, Information theory, Q350-390
Abstract

Magnetic deformation is a change in the size and shape of a sample under the action of a uniform external magnetic field. The study of this effect in various materials provides deep understanding of the nature of magnetic and mechanical interactions. Moreover, magnetic deformation is of great interest from an engineering point of view for designing new devices. In magnetoactive elastomers containing magnetic microparticles in the polymer matrix, a giant deformation is detected under the action of an external magnetic field. The generally accepted methods for measuring magnetic deformation in magnetoactive soft materials are now practically absent. The article describes the installation for the study of the magnetomechanical characteristics of magnetoactive elastomers and demonstrates its experimental capabilities. The installation allows to measure deformations in the range from 0 to 12.5 mm with a resolution of 1 micron. The deformation curves obtained using these installations are required for developing actuators and sensors based on magnetoactive elastomers, and also for improving their manufacturing technologies.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

9. OPTIMIZATION OF THE METHOD FOR OBTAINING NANOCAPSULES, DEVELOPMENT OF THE METHODS OF DETERMINING THE DEGREE OF CINNARIZINE INCLUSION IN A PROLONGED DOSAGE FORM BASED ON POLY-D, L-LACTID-CO-GLICOLIDE, AND ITS VALIDATION

Author

M. V. Sorokoumova, N. V. Blagorazumnaya, V. A. Kompantsev, L. I. Shcherbakova, N. S. Zyablitseva, Yu. G. Medvetskaya, T. M. Vasina, and K. A. Miroshnichenko

Subjects
cinnarizine, poly-d, l-lactide-co-glycolide, microparticles, degree of incorporation, uv spectrometry, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Common pathologies of the cardiovascular system are cerebrovascular disorders, for which cinnarizine is prescribed. An innovative, prolonged nanocapsule dosage form based on poly-D, L-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) has been developed.The aim of the research was improvement of the technology and development of the methods for determining the level of cinnarizine inclusion in nanocapsules. The research problem consisted of a great number of drug encapsulation peculiarities, as well as various physicochemical properties of the substances that cannot be taken into account in the existing methods of determination.Materials and methods. In the study, the following substances were used: cinnarizine, PLGA (50:50), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The remaining reagents and solvents fitted into the category of chemically pure. For development of the methods for quantitative determination of cinnarizine and its validation, a spectrophotometric method of analysis was used. Model mixtures used as objects of the study, had been prepared. Validation assessment of the methods was carried out upon such indicators as specificity, linearity, detection limit, repeatability, reproducibility.Results. Methods for spectrophotometric determination of the degree of cinnarizine inclusion has been developed. It has been established that encapsulation reaches 63.74%. Validation testing methods has been carried out. The results of such tests as specificity, linearity, detection limit, repeatability, reproducibility correspond to the safe range of values regulated by Product specification file. Due to the impossibility of determining the degree of cinnarizine inclusion on the basis of standard methods of preparation, the technology of producing nanocapsules has been adjusted.Conclusion. The technology has been optimized and new techniques have been developed. Taking into account the characteristics of production and the physicochemical properties of the components, they make a reliable analysis of the degree of cinnarizine inclusion in nanocapsules possible. The relative error of the developed methods of determination does not exceed ± 2.67%. Based on the results of the validation assessment, this methods is valid for all indicators.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

10. The analysis of the proliferative activity of cells on microparticles obtained from decellularized liver and kidney tissue

Author

M. M. Bobrova, L. A. Safonova, O. I. Agapova, A. E. Efimov, and I. I. Agapov

Subjects
decellularization, extracellular matrix, microparticles, Surgery, RD1-811
Abstract

Aim. To develop the protocols for liver and kidney tissue decellularization, and to develop an analysis of the proliferative activity of human Hep-G2 hepatocarcinoma cells on various carriers.Materials and methods. Decellularization of the liver and kidneys was performed by perfusion of detergent solutions with gradually increasing concentrations of Triton X-100 (1, 2 and 3%). A histological analysis of the obtained samples was performed, and the method of optical and scanning electron microscopy was used to study the obtained samples. The proliferative activity of human Hep-G2 hepatocarcinoma cells was studied on the obtained samples of decellularized liver and kidney tissue.Results. Decellularization of the organ does not lead to changes in the specific structure of the tissue matrix. Microparticles with an average size of 200 μm were made from their decellularized matrix of liver and kidney tissues. The level of proliferative activity of human Hep-G2 hepatocarcinoma cells cultured on microparticles from a decellularized liver was significantly higher than on microparticles from a decellularized kidney.Conclusion. The decellularized matrix retains the native three-dimensional structure of the tissue. The level of cell proliferative activity is significantly higher on microparticles from the decellularized liver, which confirms the preservation of the specificity of the extracellular matrix of the tissue after the process of decellularization.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

11. BLOOD PLATELETS AS ACTIVATORS AND REGULATORS OF INFLAMMATORY AND IMMUNE REACTIONS. PART 1. BASIC CHARACTERISTICS OF PLATELETS AS INFLAMMATORY CELLS

Author

N. B. Serebryanaya, S. N. Shanin, E. E. Fomicheva, and P. P. Yakutseni

Subjects
platelets, megakaryocytes, microparticles, receptors, atp, lipid mediators, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract

Platelets are the smallest blood cells, and yet their total volume and surface area exceed those of all types of leukocytes combined. Platelets are produced by the bone marrow megakaryocytes and megakaryocytes in the lung microvessels. Approximately 50% of all platelets are produced in the lungs, which makes it possible to characterize them as the main site for the production of platelets. In small circuit of blood circulation, there are approximately 30% more platelets than in large circuit. This “excess” of platelets is necessary for the stabilization of the endothelial barrier of the lung vessels regulated by the platelet mediator sphingosine-1-phosphate, a regulator of tight junctions of endothelial cells. The circulating platelets have an amazing ability to “bud” new pro- and pre-platelets, giving rise to new platelets. The removal of platelets from circulation proceeds via their phagocytosis by spleen macrophages (if platelets are covered with IgG or are bound to immune complexes), or Kupffer liver cells and hepatocytes (if platelets have incomplete glycans or desialated proteins). In homeostatic conditions, most of the platelets are removed in liver. Platelet clearance in bacterial infections and sepsis is accelerated because of the activity of bacterial sialidases. Recognition of desialized platelet structures is carried out by the liver cells through the Asgr receptor. Despite DNA absence, the platelets are able to synthesize proteins at mRNAs that are present in majority of platelets. Activation of platelets leads to aggregation and exocytosis of the granule contents, and production of immunomodulating molecules. However, activation of platelets may be incomplete and has various consequences. In a non-classical activation model, platelets can release microparticles that contain about 600 different proteins. About 75% of microparticles in the blood of healthy donors are derived from platelets. Like as immune system cells, platelets are activated by numerous endogenous ligands (alarms), including ADP and ATP, which bind to purinergic receptors P2Y1, P2Y12 andP2X1. Platelets accumulate and retain 99% of the serotonin stored in the body. The platelets contribute to induction of inflammation by releasing proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and lipid mediators. In addition, platelets are the source of enzymes that accomplish the capacities of neutrophils and endothelium for production of anti-inflammatory lipid mediators that contribute to tissue repair following acute phase of inflammation.

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

12. EVALUATION OF MICROVESICLES FORMED BY NATURAL KILLER (NK) CELLS USING FLOW CYTOMETRY

Author

V. A. Mikhailova, K. L. Belyakova, L. P. Vyazmina, A. R. Sheveleva, S. A. Selkov, and D. I. Sokolov

Subjects
nk cells, flow cytometry, microvesicles, microparticles, cell culture, nk-92, cell surface receptors, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract

As a result of activation and/or apoptosis, the cells can form microvesicles (MV) from 100 nm up to 1000 nm in size. Nowadays, the attention is being increasingly focused on dynamic detection and evaluation of leukocyte-derived microvesicles by their contents. In this regard, determination of microvesicles formed by NK cells is of utmost interest. The main function of these population is to induce apoptosis of virus-infected and tumor cells. At the present time, there is no direct evidence of the NK cells ability to produce microvesicles. This investigation was performed in order to estimate contents of NK cell-derived microvesicles using highprecision flow cytometric approach. It has been shown that the high-precision flow cytometry allows to detect microvesicles formed by NK cells, ranging from 200 to 1000 nm in size. It was demonstrated that incubation of NK cells in the presence of TNFα did not affect the relative value of microvesicles, however, being associated with increased intensity of CD95 expression on microvesicles. Hence, the high-precision flow cytometry can be used to detect microvesicles and to determine their phenotype.

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

13. Production of Resorbable Microparticles Loaded with a Cytostatic Drug Using the Spray-Drying Method and Investigation of Their Properties

Author

Anastasiya V. Murueva and Anna М. Shershneva

Subjects
drug delivery systems, polyhydroxyalkanoates, spray drying, microparticles, 5‑fluorouracil, cytotoxicity, Biotechnology, TP248.13-248.65, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Microparticles of resorbable poly-3-hydroxybutyrate loaded with a cytostatic drug (5-fluorouracil) were prepared by using the spray-drying method. The increase in the level of drug loading from 1 to 10 % of the polymer mass did not significantly effect the average diameter of microparticles (2.4 – 2.6 μm) but increased their ξ-potential (from 106 to 86 mV). Encapsulation efficiency of 5-fluorouracil increased with the increase in the level of drug loading. Investigation of the in vitro drug release behavior showed that the total drug release from the microparticles into the medium increased with the growth of mass concentration of the drug (55, 63 and 75 % of the initial drug content and 1, 5 and 10 % of the polymer mass, respectively). The cytotoxic effect of encapsulated 5-fluorouracil was proved in the HeLa tumor cell culture

Published
2016

14. DIAGNOSTIC POTENTIAL OF THE ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC ANALYSIS OF HUMAN LACRIMAL FLUID

Author

A. E. Grigoryeva, A. V. Eremina, I. B. Druzhinin, D. V. Chernykh, E. V. Varvarinsky, and E. I. Ryabchikova

Subjects
lacrimal fluid, electron microscopy, microparticles, exosomes, ophthalmologic diseases, Ophthalmology, RE1-994
Abstract

Purpose. To evaluate the possibility of application of electron microscopic analysis of human lacrimal fluid (LF) in the development of methods for early diagnosis and prognosis of ophthalmic diseases.Material and methods. Specimens of the reflex LF were collected from the lower conjunctival arch of eyes in 20 patients with a diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy, hyperopia, glaucoma, cataract and macular degeneration, and pelleted by centrifugation. The liquid portion of LF was examined by the negative staining method, and the pellets were processed by the ultrathin sectioning method, and the sections were studied in the electron microscope JEM-1400 (JEOL, Japan).Results. The liquid portion of LF contained macromolecular aggregates, microparticles and exosomes, the number and morphology of which varied depending on the eye disease. Ultrathin sections of the LF pellets showed fibrous matrix, epithelial cells, lymphocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes, cell debris, and small roundish vesicles (150- 300 nm) on the surface bearing the protein «filaments» penetrating inside. The cellular composition of LF pellets varied depending on the disease of eye.Conclusions. Identification of the obvious differences in the content and morphology of the structural components of the LF indicates a high diagnostic potential of the LF. Electron microscopy of LF looks promising for a search of ultrastructural diagnostic and prognostic markers of ophthalmic diseases.

Published
2015

15. STUDY OF STABILITY AND EXPIRATION DATE ESTABLISHIMENT OF MICROPARTICLES OF ALPRAZOLAM ON THE BASIS OF POLY-D,L-LACTIDE-CO-GLYCOLIDE

Author

A. I. Medvetskiy, L. I. Scherbakova, V. A. Kompantsev, L. P. Gokghayeva, and T. M. Vasina

Subjects
alprazolam, microparticles, poly-d, l-lactide-co-glycolide, anxiety disorders, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Stability of microparticles of alprazolam in natural conditions was studied by the method of "accelerated aging". It was established that microparticles of alprazolam were not exposed to disruption and their appearance was not altered during the research. Expiration dates of alprazolam microparticles determination was calculated using the formula of J.H. van't Hoff. The expiration date made 2 years.

Published
2015
Full Text
View/download PDF

16. Construction of Microparticles Based on Resorbable Polymers Bioplastotan Using Spray Drying Method

Author

Anna М. Shershneva and Ekaterina I. Shishatskaya

Subjects
drug delivery systems, polyhydroxyalkanoates, spray drying, microparticles, D-optimal design, Biotechnology, TP248.13-248.65, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

The possibility of using the spray drying method for the construction of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (P3HB) based microparticles was studied. The dependence of characteristics of microparticles (yield, average diameter, zeta-potential) from processing parameters (temperature at the inlet of the system, the feed rate of polymer solution and concentration of the polymer solution) was found. It is shown that zeta potential of microparticles was influenced by concentration of the polymer solution, and the average diameter was determined by temperature of the inlet. Also, conditions of obtaining P3HB microparticles were optimized to minimize polymer loss (approximately 10 %)

Published
2014

17. REQUESTING AND CONDUCTING FORENSIC ANALYSIS OF FIBER MATERIALS !methodological guidelines for investigators

Author

N. Fedyanina

Subjects
#ber evidence, microparticles, trace bearing items, integrated forensic examination, identifcation, Social pathology. Social and public welfare. Criminology, HV1-9960
Abstract

The scope of forensic #ber analysis is examined, including questions that forensic #berexamination is typically meant to answer, and recommendations are o$ered on thedetection and recovery of trace bearing items.

Published
2014

18. Studying of the therapeutic potential of the radiopharmaceuticalbased on polymer carriers of Rhenium-188

Subjects
microparticles, Ð‘Ð¸Ð¾Ñ‚ÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ñ, синовит, arthritis, radiosynovectomy, микрочастицы, радионуклиды, радиотерапия, радиосиновэктомия, radiotherapy, radionuclides
Abstract

Данная работа посвящена разработке препарата комплексного состава и оптимизация Ñ‚ÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¸ синтеза Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸Ð¼ÐµÑ€Ð½Ñ‹Ñ Ð½Ð¾ÑÐ¸Ñ‚ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ¹, с заданными Ñ Ð°Ñ€Ð°ÐºÑ‚ÐµÑ€Ð¸ÑÑ‚Ð¸ÐºÐ°Ð¼Ð¸ для удержания и направленного действия 188Re, в Ñ†ÐµÐ»ÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð¿Ñ€Ð°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ доставки радионуклида к месту интереса, а также исследование терапевтического эффекта препарата на модели воспалительного заболевания суставов у крыс линии Wistar. Задачи, решаемые в Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ðµ реализации проекта: 1) Разработка Ñ‚ÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¹ синтеза Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸Ð¼ÐµÑ€Ð½Ñ‹Ñ Ñ‡Ð°ÑÑ‚Ð¸Ñ† с последовательным включением в Ð¸Ñ ÑÑ‚Ñ€ÑƒÐºÑ‚ÑƒÑ€Ñƒ радиоактивного изотопа 188Re; 2) Характеризация Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑƒÑ‡ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ‹Ñ Ð½Ð¾ÑÐ¸Ñ‚ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ¹ с помощью физико-Ñ Ð¸Ð¼Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð¼ÐµÑ‚Ð¾Ð´Ð¾Ð²; 3) Изучение токсического воздействия Ñ€Ð°Ð·Ñ€Ð°Ð±Ð¾Ñ‚Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ‹Ñ Ð½Ð¾ÑÐ¸Ñ‚ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ¹ с 188Re на ткани организма Ð»Ð°Ð±Ð¾Ñ€Ð°Ñ‚Ð¾Ñ€Ð½Ñ‹Ñ Ð¶Ð¸Ð²Ð¾Ñ‚Ð½Ñ‹Ñ Ð² in vivo Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸ÑÑ ; 4) Создание модели воспалительного заболевания ÐºÑ€ÑƒÐ¿Ð½Ñ‹Ñ ÑÑƒÑÑ‚Ð°Ð²Ð¾Ð² с использованием Ð»Ð°Ð±Ð¾Ñ€Ð°Ñ‚Ð¾Ñ€Ð½Ñ‹Ñ Ð¶Ð¸Ð²Ð¾Ñ‚Ð½Ñ‹Ñ Ð¸ её адаптация для целей исследования; 5) Исследование терапевтического эффекта разрабатываемого препарата 188Re на полученной модели. Работа проведена на базе РНЦРХТ им. А. М. Гранова и СПБПУ им. Петра Великого, где была проведена основная часть экспериментов: разработка протоколов синтеза микроносителей и адсорбции Ñ€Ð°Ð´Ð¸Ð¾Ð°ÐºÑ‚Ð¸Ð²Ð½Ñ‹Ñ Ð¸Ð·Ð¾Ñ‚Ð¾Ð¿Ð¾Ð². Были проведены Ñ€Ð°Ð´Ð¸Ð¾Ñ Ð¸Ð¼Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ðµ исследования по удержанию и терапевтическому эффекту радионуклидов в in vivo ÑÐºÑÐ¿ÐµÑ€Ð¸Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ‚Ð°Ñ . В результате был разработан препарат 188Re-ПЛА-МЧ, в виде Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸Ð¼ÐµÑ€Ð½Ñ‹Ñ Ð½Ð¾ÑÐ¸Ñ‚ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ¹, Ð¼ÐµÑ‡ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ‹Ñ Â 188Re, произведена Ñ Ð°Ñ€Ð°ÐºÑ‚ÐµÑ€Ð¸Ð·Ð°Ñ†Ð¸Ñ носителей, оценка токсического воздействия и безопасности использования препарата, проанализирован терапевтический эффект на созданной модели Ð²Ð¾ÑÐ¿Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ñ‚ÐµÐ»ÑŒÐ½Ñ‹Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¹ ÐºÑ€ÑƒÐ¿Ð½Ñ‹Ñ ÑÑƒÑÑ‚Ð°Ð²Ð¾Ð²., This work is devoted to the development of a drug of complex composition and optimization of the technology of synthesis of polymer carriers, with specified characteristics for retention and directional action of 188Re, for the purpose of targeted delivery of radionuclide to the place of interest, as well as the study of the therapeutic effect of the drug on a model of inflammatory joint disease in Wistar rats. Tasks to be solved during the project: 1) Development of technologies for the synthesis of polymer particles with the sequential inclusion of the radioactive isotope 188Re in their structure; 2) Characterization of the obtained carriers using physico-chemical methods; 3) Study of the toxic effects of the developed carriers with 188Re on the tissues of the body of laboratory animals in in vivo studies; 4) Creation of a model of inflammatory joint disease using laboratory animals and adaptation for research purposes; 5) Study of the therapeutic effect of the developed drug 188Re on the model. The work was carried out on the basis of the N.N. A.M. Granov and St. Peter the Great, where most of the work was performed: the development of protocol for the synthesis of carriers, the adsorption of radioactive isotopes, animal experiments. As a result, the drug 188Re-PLA-MPs was developed in the form of polymer carriers labeled with 188Re, the carriers were characterized, the toxic effects and safety of using the drug were assessed, the therapeutic effect on the created model of inflammatory diseases of large joints was analyzed.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

19. Development of technology to improve the mechanical characteristics of the hollow stator blade of a gas turbine engine obtained by casting in accordance with the burnt model

Subjects
Ñ‚ÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ñ послойного наплавления, microparticles, Алюминиевые сплавы, Турбинные лопатки, Кремний, карбиды, Газотурбинные двигатели, микрочастицы, layer welding technology, Литье
Abstract

Объектом исследования является статорная лопатка газотурбинного двигателя. Цель работы - разработка Ñ‚ÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¸ повышения прочности полой статорной лопатки газотурбинного двигателя, полученной методом литья по выжигаемой модели. В процессе работы проводилась разработка Ñ‚ÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¸ получения нити (филамента), подбор режима печати 3D-принтера для полученной нити, получение модели лопатки, а также выбор состава алюминиевого сплава и разработка Ñ‚ÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¸ его получения. После этого полученная модель выжигалась алюминиевым жаропрочным сплавом. Разработанная Ñ‚ÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ñ получения нити (филамента) позволяет получать литейные (выжигаемые) модели на 3D-принтере с высокими Ñ Ð°Ñ€Ð°ÐºÑ‚ÐµÑ€Ð¸ÑÑ‚Ð¸ÐºÐ°Ð¼Ð¸ точности геометрии, Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÐµÑ€Ñ Ð½Ð¾ÑÑ‚Ð¸ и низким количеством Ð´ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ¶Ð½Ñ‹Ñ Ð·Ð°Ñ‚Ñ€Ð°Ñ‚ и челевекоресурсов. Разработанная Ñ‚ÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ñ позволяет получать равномерное распределение ÑƒÐ¿Ñ€Ð¾Ñ‡Ð½ÑÑŽÑ‰Ð¸Ñ Ñ‡Ð°ÑÑ‚Ð¸Ñ† по всему объему отливки, и как результат повышение Ð¼ÐµÑ Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð¸ ÑÐºÑÐ¿Ð»ÑƒÐ°Ñ‚Ð°Ñ†Ð¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ñ‹Ñ Ñ Ð°Ñ€Ð°ÐºÑ‚ÐµÑ€Ð¸ÑÑ‚Ð¸Ðº полой статорной лопатки газотурбинного двигателя. Также разработанная Ñ‚ÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ñ может применяться для получения Ð´Ñ€ÑƒÐ³Ð¸Ñ Ð¾Ñ‚Ð²ÐµÑ‚ÑÑ‚Ð²ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ‹Ñ Ð¸Ð·Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸Ð¹, Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑƒÑ‡Ð°ÐµÐ¼Ñ‹Ñ Ð¸Ð· Ð»Ð¸Ñ‚ÐµÐ¹Ð½Ñ‹Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð¾Ð·Ð¸Ñ†Ð¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ñ‹Ñ ÑÐ¿Ð»Ð°Ð²Ð¾Ð²., The object of research is the stator blade of a gas turbine engine. The aim of the work is to develop a technology for increasing the strength of a hollow stator blade of a gas turbine engine, obtained by casting according to a burnt model.In the course of work, the development of a technology for obtaining a thread (filament), the selection of a 3D printer print mode for the resulting thread, obtaining a model of a blade, as well as choosing the composition of an aluminum alloy and developing a technology for its production were carried out. After that, the resulting model was burned out with an aluminum heat-resistant alloy. The developed technology for obtaining a thread (filament) makes it possible to obtain cast (burned out) models on a 3D printer with high characteristics of geometry and surface accuracy and a low amount of money and human resources. The developed technology makes it possible to obtain a uniform distribution of hardening particles throughout the entire volume of the casting, and as a result, an increase in the mechanical and operational characteristics of the hollow stator blade of a gas turbine engine. Also, the developed technology can be used to obtain other critical products obtained from cast composite alloys.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

20. Distribution and Resorption of Intravenously Administrated Polymer Microparticles in Tissues of Internal Organs of Laboratory Animals

Author

Ekaterina I. Shishatskaya, Anastasya V. Goreva, Galina S. Kalacheva, and Tatiana G. Volova

Subjects
resorbable polyhydroxybutyrate, microparticles, intravenous administration, 14C, tissues of internal organs, Biotechnology, TP248.13-248.65, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Resorbable polymer of hydroxybutyric acid labeled with 14C was used to prepare microparticles (diameter smaller than 3.8 μm ) that were then injected to laboratory animals (Wistar rats) via the tail vein, without causing any adverse effects on growth and development of the animals or altering the macroscopic and microscopic structure of the tissues of internal organs. Examination of the distribution of microparticles among the internal organs and the dynamics of accumulation of carbon-containing polymer degradation products in internal organs showed that the main targets for microparticles were tissues of the liver, kidneys, and spleen. The most rapid degradation of the polymer of microparticles occurred in the spleen and liver. The presence of high molecular weight polymer registered in internal organs suggested that the microparticles remained undecomposed and that the PHB microparticles could function in vivo for extended periods of time (up to 12 weeks).

Published
2009

21. The Diagnostics of Deficit of Microelements with Antioxidants on the Base of Nutritional Status of Patients with Diabetes 2 Type

Author

L. A. Dudareva, M. A. Volochina, and V. A. Dudareva

Subjects
microparticles, antioxidant defense, diagnosis, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Purpose: To study activity metal-dependent of enzymes at deficiency of micro-elements with antioxidant properties in a food allowance 2 types sick of a diabetes.Materials and Methods: It is surveyed 20 patients diabetes 2 type. Control group have made 20 Health volunteers. Defined the maintenance in a diet microelements. Defined the maintenance in plasma of enzymes antioxidant protection.Results: Data is obtained about condition antioxidant system at Health volunteers and 2 types sick of diabetes.Summary: The way of diagnostics of deficiency of microelements on the basis of the analysis of an actual food allowance is cheap and can be used at a stage of out-patients diagnostics for revealing of groups of risk of persons with somatic pathology caused at deficiency of microelements.

Published
2012

22. Method of Measuring Deformations of Magnetoactive Elastomers under the Action of Magnetic Fields

Author

Feodor Fedulov, Wolfgang Kettl, Mikhail Shamonin, D. A. Vyunik, D. V. Chashin, Dmitry V. Saveliev, P. A. Shabin, and L. Yu. Fetisov

Subjects
microparticles, Materials science, Information theory, magnetoactive elastomers, Magnetostriction, magnetodeformation, 02 engineering and technology, Mechanics, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Elastomer, magnetostriction, 01 natural sciences, Soft materials, Action (physics), 0104 chemical sciences, Magnetic field, ferromagnetics, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Deformation (engineering), Q350-390, 0210 nano-technology, General Environmental Science
Abstract

Magnetic deformation is a change in the size and shape of a sample under the action of a uniform external magnetic field. The study of this effect in various materials provides deep understanding of the nature of magnetic and mechanical interactions. Moreover, magnetic deformation is of great interest from an engineering point of view for designing new devices. In magnetoactive elastomers containing magnetic microparticles in the polymer matrix, a giant deformation is detected under the action of an external magnetic field. The generally accepted methods for measuring magnetic deformation in magnetoactive soft materials are now practically absent. The article describes the installation for the study of the magnetomechanical characteristics of magnetoactive elastomers and demonstrates its experimental capabilities. The installation allows to measure deformations in the range from 0 to 12.5 mm with a resolution of 1 micron. The deformation curves obtained using these installations are required for developing actuators and sensors based on magnetoactive elastomers, and also for improving their manufacturing technologies.

Published
2019

23. OPTIMIZATION OF THE METHOD FOR OBTAINING NANOCAPSULES, DEVELOPMENT OF THE METHODS OF DETERMINING THE DEGREE OF CINNARIZINE INCLUSION IN A PROLONGED DOSAGE FORM BASED ON POLY-D, L-LACTID-CO-GLICOLIDE, AND ITS VALIDATION

Author

Tatiana M. Vasina, Maria V. Sorokoumova, Kirill A Miroshnichenko, Natal’Ya V. Blagorazumnaya, Vladislav A. Kompantsev, Yulia G. Medvetskaya, Nadezhda S. Zyablitseva, and Larisa I. Shcherbakova

Subjects
Materials science, Cinnarizine, uv spectrometry, Pharmaceutical Science, 02 engineering and technology, Pharmacy, RM1-950, 030226 pharmacology & pharmacy, Nanocapsules, Dosage form, Degree (temperature), 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Pharmacology (medical), cinnarizine, Pharmacology, Detection limit, microparticles, Reproducibility, Chromatography, degree of incorporation, poly-d, Repeatability, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, PLGA, chemistry, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, 0210 nano-technology, l-lactide-co-glycolide, medicine.drug
Abstract

Common pathologies of the cardiovascular system are cerebrovascular disorders, for which cinnarizine is prescribed. An innovative, prolonged nanocapsule dosage form based on poly-D, L-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) has been developed.The aim of the research was improvement of the technology and development of the methods for determining the level of cinnarizine inclusion in nanocapsules. The research problem consisted of a great number of drug encapsulation peculiarities, as well as various physicochemical properties of the substances that cannot be taken into account in the existing methods of determination.Materials and methods. In the study, the following substances were used: cinnarizine, PLGA (50:50), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The remaining reagents and solvents fitted into the category of chemically pure. For development of the methods for quantitative determination of cinnarizine and its validation, a spectrophotometric method of analysis was used. Model mixtures used as objects of the study, had been prepared. Validation assessment of the methods was carried out upon such indicators as specificity, linearity, detection limit, repeatability, reproducibility.Results. Methods for spectrophotometric determination of the degree of cinnarizine inclusion has been developed. It has been established that encapsulation reaches 63.74%. Validation testing methods has been carried out. The results of such tests as specificity, linearity, detection limit, repeatability, reproducibility correspond to the safe range of values regulated by Product specification file. Due to the impossibility of determining the degree of cinnarizine inclusion on the basis of standard methods of preparation, the technology of producing nanocapsules has been adjusted.Conclusion. The technology has been optimized and new techniques have been developed. Taking into account the characteristics of production and the physicochemical properties of the components, they make a reliable analysis of the degree of cinnarizine inclusion in nanocapsules possible. The relative error of the developed methods of determination does not exceed ± 2.67%. Based on the results of the validation assessment, this methods is valid for all indicators.

Published
2019

24. Investigation of the distribution profile and dynamics of biodegradation of polyelectrolyte carriers of biologically active substances in vivo

Subjects
microparticles, in vivo visualization, частицы CaCO3, drug delivery, биораспределение, микрочастицы, гистологическое исследование, Layer-by-Layer, histological examination, biodistribution, визуализация in vivo, CaCO3 particles
Abstract

Тема выпускной квалификационной работы: «Исследование профиля распределения и динамики биодеградации Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑ‚Ñ€Ð¾Ð»Ð¸Ñ‚Ð½Ñ‹Ñ Ð½Ð¾ÑÐ¸Ñ‚ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ¹ биологически Ð°ÐºÑ‚Ð¸Ð²Ð½Ñ‹Ñ Ð²ÐµÑ‰ÐµÑÑ‚Ð² in vivo». Данная работа посвящена изучению профиля биораспределения Ð¼Ð¸ÐºÑ€Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ñ‹Ñ Ñ‡Ð°ÑÑ‚Ð¸Ñ†, Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑƒÑ‡ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ‹Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ Ñ‚ÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¸ Layer-by-Layer, где на ядро из карбоната кальция последовательно наносили слои полиаргинина и декстран сульфата. Исследования проводились с помощью Ñ€Ð°Ð·Ð»Ð¸Ñ‡Ð½Ñ‹Ñ Ð¼ÐµÑ‚Ð¾Ð´Ð¾Ð² визуализации, Ñ‚Ð°ÐºÐ¸Ñ ÐºÐ°Ðº световая и конфокальная микроскопия (для Ð³Ð¸ÑÑ‚Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ ÑÑ€ÐµÐ·Ð¾Ð²), а также флуоресцентная in vivo визуализация. Также гистологические срезы оценивались на патоморфологические изменения. Результатом работы являются данные по распределению частиц в организме мыши на 2, 4, 7, 10 и 15 день после внутривенного введения. Отклонений гистологии тканей от нормы не наблюдалось Данное исследование позволяет вывести данный тип носителей на следующий этап исследований и приблизить применение в клинической практике. Кроме этого, оно показывает основные органы накопления частиц, что позволяет использовать частицы для адресной доставки., The subject of the graduate qualification work is «Investigation of the distribution profile and dynamics of biodegradation of polyelectrolyte carriers of biologically active substances in vivo». This work is devoted to the study the bio-distribution of micron particles obtained by Layer-by-Layer technology when layers of polyarginine and dextran sulfate were successively applied to the calcium carbonate core. The studies were carried out using various imaging methods, such as light and confocal microscopy (for histological sections), as well as fluorescence in vivo imaging. Histological sections were also evaluated for pathomorphological changes. The result of the work is data on the distribution of particles in the mouse on day 2, 4, 7, 10 and 15 after intravenous administration. No deviations of tissue histology from the norm were observed. This study allows bring this type of carrier to the next stage of research and makes it closer to clinical practice. In addition, it shows the main organs of particle accumulation, which allows you to use the particles for targeted delivery.

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

25. The impact of NK cells and their microparticles on activation of intracellular signaling pathways in trophoblast in vitro

Subjects
JAK/STAT signaling pathway, microparticles, трофобласт, NK-клетки, IL-1β, STAT, JAK/STAT сигнальный путь, NK cells, invasion, микрочастицы, trophoblast, инвазия
Abstract

Тема выпускной квалификационной работы: «влияние NK-клеток и их микрочастиц на активацию внутриклеточных сигнальных путей в клетках трофобласта в системе in vitro». Работа проведена на базе лаборатории межклеточных ваимодействий ФГБНУ «НИИ акушерства, гинекологии и репродуктологии им. Д.О. Отта». Работа посвящена исследованию особенностей активации STAT-пути внутриклеточной сигнализации в клетках трофобласта линии JEG-3 в модели их взаимодействия с клетками и микрочастицами линии NK-92. В процессе работы было проведено сокультивирование клеток линии трофобласта JEG-3 с микрочастицами клеток линии NK-92 в течение 24 часов, а также дистантное сокультивирование клеток линий JEG-3 и NK-92 с помощью системы трансвелл, определение общего белка по методу Бредфорда и иммуноблоттинг с определением фосфорилированных и нефосфорилированных форм STAT1, STAT3 и ERK1/2. Анализ активации данных белков предполагал расчёт отношения интенсивности фосфорилированной формы к нефосфорилированной формы белка. В результате показано снижение содержания STAT3 в лизатах клеток линии JEG-3, повышение соотношения pSTAT3 (Ser727)/STAT3 в клетках линии JEG-3 после их взаимодействия с микрочастицами интактных клеток линии NK-92 и активированных IL-1β клеток. Показано отсутствие значимых изменений уровня STAT1 и его фосфорилированных форм в клетках линии JEG-3 после их взаимодействия с микрочастицами клеток линии NK-92, активации ERK1/2 киназы также обнаружено не было. Выявлено снижение количества фосфорилированного по серину STAT3 и соотношения pSTAT3 (Ser727)/STAT3 в клетках линии JEG-3 при дистантном взаимодействии клеток линий JEG-3 и NK-92., Topic of the thesis: “The impact of NK cells and their microparticles on activation of intracellular signaling pathways in trophoblast in vitro”. The work was carried out at the laboratoriy of intercellular communications of D. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology. At this work we studied activation features of JAK/STAT intracellular signaling pathway in trophoblast cells after incubation with cells and microparticles of NK-92 line. We cultured trophoblastic JEG-3 cells with microparticles of NK-92 cells (Natural killers) for 24 hours. Also, we cultured JEG-3 and NK-92 cells using a transwell system as a model of a distant co-culturing of cells. We determined a total protein by Bradford method and the Western blot was performed. We defined expression level of phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated forms of STAT1, STAT3 and ERK1 / 2. An analysis of the activation of these proteins suggested the calculation of the ratio of the intensity of the phosphorylated form to the non-phosphorylated form of the protein. A decrease of STAT3 expression after their interaction with microparticles of intact NK cells and activated NK cells by IL-1β is observed in lysates of JEG-3 cell lines. Ratio pSTAT3 (Ser727) / STAT3 increased in JEG-3 after they had been cultured together with microparticles of NK cells. No significant changes in the level of STAT1 and its phosphorylated forms in JEG-3 cells after their interaction with microparticles of NK-92 cells were shown. An activation of ERK1 / 2 kinase was also not detected. A decrease in serine phosphorylated STAT3 and pSTAT3 (Ser727) / STAT3 ratio in JEG-3 cells was observed after distant interaction of JEG-3 and NK-92 cells.

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

26. Микрочастицы клеток крови у больных COVID-19 как маркер активации системы гемостаза

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Context (language use), Inflammation, exosomes, коагулопатия, Fibrinogen, Gastroenterology, coagulopathy, экзосомы, система гемостаза, Physiology (medical), Internal medicine, Coagulopathy, Medicine, Platelet, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous), microparticles, business.industry, Biochemistry (medical), Mesenchymal stem cell, COVID-19, Hematology, medicine.disease, Hemostasis, hemostasis, Stem cell, medicine.symptom, business, микрочастицы, medicine.drug
Abstract

Введение. Наблюдения за больными COVID-19 показали развитие коагулопатии на фоне тяжелой инфекции, вызванной SARC–CoV-2. Патогенетические механизмы влияния SARC–CoV-2 на систему гемостаза в настоящее время активно исследуются, однако для практического здравоохранения крайне актуальным является поиск маркеров активации системы свертывания крови с целью ранней профилактики тромбоэмболических осложнений у пациентов с COVID-19. Цель исследования: определить количество микрочастиц, отделяющихся от клеток крови, у больных COVID-19 и здоровых индивидуумов и проанализировать корреляцию числа микрочастиц с лабораторными и клиническими характеристиками пациентов. Материалы и методы. Обследованы 10 пациентов с COVID-19, госпитализированных в ФГБОУ ВО СЗГМУ им. И. И. Мечникова Минздрава России в период июнь-июль 2020 г., контрольную группу составили 12 сотрудников ФГБОУ ВО СЗГМУ им. И.И. Мечникова Минздрава России без признаков острого респираторного заболевания, без сердечно-сосудистых и тромбоэмболических эпизодов в анамнезе. У всех обследованных выполнен клинический анализ крови, исследованы маркеры активации и воспаления, а также измерено количество внеклеточных микровезикул — экзосом на проточном цитометре. Результаты. У пациентов с COVID-19 по сравнению с контрольной группой наблюдалось увеличение относительного количества нейтрофилов и снижение тромбоцитов. Такие маркеры как фибриноген, С-реактивный белок, ферритин, интерлейкин-6 и лактатдегидрогеназа значительно превышали верхнюю границу референтных значений. При этом количество экзосом оказалось значимо выше у пациентов с COVID-19 по сравнению со здоровыми лицами (% позитивных событий) — 93,2 [88,7–96,5] против 56,2 [50,5–73,5] соответственно (p = 0,00001) и коррелировало с относительным уровнем нейтрофилов. Среди проанализированных экзосом преобладали микрочастицы тромбоцитарного и лейкоцитарного происхождения. Заключение. Увеличение количества внеклеточных микрочастиц у больных COVID-19 может быть использовано как маркер активации гемостаза и повышенного риска тромботических осложнений на фоне инфекционного заболевания., Background. The monitoring of COVID-19 patients showed the development of coagulopathy in the context of severe infection caused by SARC–CoV-2. The pathogenetic mechanisms of SARC–CoV-2 influence on hemostasis are currently being actively examined, but the search for markers of the blood-clotting system activation for early prevention of thromboembolic complications in patients with COVID-19 is highly relevant for the practical health care. Objectives: to analyze the number of microparticles that separate from blood cells due to the hemostasis activation in COVID-19 patients and in healthy donors and to analyze the correlation between microparticles number and laboratory and clinical characteristics of patients. Patients /Methods. The study included 10 patients with COVID-19 who were hospitalized in Mechnikov North- Western State Medical University in June- July 2020; the control group consisted of 12 employees of Mechnikov North- Western State Medical University without signs of acute respiratory disease, without cardiovascular and thromboembolic episodes in the history. All patients and individuals in the control group had their blood clinically tested on a 5-Diff hematological analyzer, markers for activation and inflammation were examined, and the number of extracellular microvesicles (exosomes) was measured on the flow cytometer. Results. Patients with COVID-19 had an increase in the relative amount of neutrophiles and a decrease in platelets compared to controls. Markers such as fibrinogen, C-reactive protein, ferritin, interleukine-6 and lactate dehydrogenase significantly exceeded the upper reference limit. The number of exosomes was significantly higher in patients with COVID-19 compared to healthy controls (% of positive events) — 93.2 [88.7–96.5] vs. 56.2 [50.5–73.5] respectively (p = 0.00001), and correlated with the relative level of neutrophiles. Among the exosomes analyzed, platelet and leukocyte microparticles prevailed. Conclusions. The increase of extracellular microparticles in COVID-19 patients can be used as a marker of hemostasis activation and increased risk of thrombotic complications in the context of severe infectious disease., Тромбоз, гемостаз и реология, Выпуск 4 2020

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

27. Сезонный ход концентрации тяжелых металлов в твердых осадках на южном склоне Эльбруса (ледник Гарабаши)

Author

Kerimov , Abdullakh M., Tatarenko , Nikolay V., Kupovykh , Gennady V., Dakhova , Oksana O., and Khuchunaev , Buzigit M.

Subjects
microparticles, snow cover, glaciers, chemical composition, heavy metals, solid precipitation, Garabashi Glacier
Abstract

The article discusses the features of the distribution of heavy metals in the snow-firn mass on the southern slope of Elbrus (the Garabashi Glacier) at the height 3945 m for the period from 2006 to 2008 (maximum snow accumulation and by the end of the ablation period). The seasonal course of concentration of priority pollutants is given Cr, Ni, Mn, Pb and Zn. The main sources of their income are analyzed, due to forming the chemical composition of atmospheric aerosol. It was found that the concentrations of trace elements in the annual layers of snow-firn strata have a strongly marked seasonal course. The distribution maximum concentration of trace elements in summer (end of the ablation period, September), and the minimum concentration is observed in winter-spring samples (June, maximum snow accu-mulation). The maximum concentration of metals: Ni (1.25), Mn (11.62), Pb (5.57), Zn (65.08 mcg / l) in glacial depos-its during the study period was observed in September, 2007. The exception is the concentration of Cr (5.53 mcg / l), the maximum of which was observed in June, 2006. The study found that the content of heavy metals in solid sediments in the study area is 1-2 orders of magnitude lower than their MAC.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

28. Platelet Microparticles: Formation and Properties

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, microparticles, тромбоциты, ангиогенез, Chemistry, Immunology, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, metastasis of tumors, 03 medical and health sciences, angiogenesis, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, platelets, Biophysics, plasmalemma, Platelet, канцерогенез, воспаление, микрочастицы, remodeling
Abstract

Статья является обзорной, содержит информацию об образовании и свойствах микрочастиц тромбоцитов, их роли в физиологических процессах организма и патогенезе заболеваний. Рассматриваются механизмы ремоделирования плазмолеммы и цитоскелета тромбоцитов в ходе формирования микрочастиц, приводятся фенотипические особенности микрочастиц и их значение как молекулярных трансмиттеров и активаторов сигнальных путей в клетках-мишенях. Представлена информация об участии микрочастиц в патогенезе заболеваний, сопровождающихся тромбообразованием, в регуляции ангиогенеза и метастазировании опухолей. Рассматривается влияние микрочастиц тромбоцитов на факторы воспаления и потенциальная роль микрочастиц в патогенезе инфекционных заболеваний., This article is a review that contains information about the formation and properties of microparticles of platelets, about their role in the physiological processes of the organism and pathogenesis of the disease. Are considered: mechanisms of remodeling plasmolemma and platelet cytoskeleton during formation of microparticles, the phenotypic features of microparticles and their role as molecular transmitters and activators of signaling pathways in target cells. Presents information on the involvement of microparticles in the pathogenesis of diseases associated with thrombus formation, in the regulation of angiogenesis and metastasis of tumors. Discusses the influence of platelet microparticles on inflammation factors and the potential role of microparticles in the pathogenesis of infectious diseases., №2 (2017)

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

29. Production of Resorbable Microparticles Loaded with a Cytostatic Drug Using the Spray-Drying Method and Investigation of Their Properties

Author

Murueva, Anastasiya V. and Shershneva, Anna M.

Subjects
microparticles, системы доставки лекарственных средств, drug delivery systems, 5‑fluorouracil, полигидроксиалканоаты, распылительное высушивание, polyhydroxyalkanoates, cytotoxicity, цитотоксичность, spray drying, микрочастицы, 5‑фторурацил
Abstract

С применением метода распылительного высушивания получены микрочастицы из резорбируемого поли-3-гидроксибутирата П(3ГБ), содержащие противоопухолевый препарат 5‑фторурацил. Показано, что увеличение содержания лекарственного препарата от 1 до 10 % от массы полимерного матрикса не оказывало существенного влияния на средний диаметр микрочастиц (2,4 – 2,6 мкм), однако привело к незначительному увеличению ξ-потенциала (от -106 до -86 мВ). Эффективность инкапсулирования 5‑фторурацила возрастала с увеличением содержания препарата в матриксе микрочастиц. Выход 5‑фторурацила в фосфатный буфер возрастал с увеличением содержания препарата в матриксе микрочастиц и составил 55, 63 и 75 % при исходном содержании препарата, равном 1, 5 и 10 % соответственно. Антипролиферативное действие депонированного 5‑фторурацила доказано в культуре опухолевых клеток HeLa Microparticles of resorbable poly-3-hydroxybutyrate loaded with a cytostatic drug (5-fluorouracil) were prepared by using the spray-drying method. The increase in the level of drug loading from 1 to 10 % of the polymer mass did not significantly effect the average diameter of microparticles (2.4 – 2.6 μm) but increased their ξ-potential (from 106 to 86 mV). Encapsulation efficiency of 5-fluorouracil increased with the increase in the level of drug loading. Investigation of the in vitro drug release behavior showed that the total drug release from the microparticles into the medium increased with the growth of mass concentration of the drug (55, 63 and 75 % of the initial drug content and 1, 5 and 10 % of the polymer mass, respectively). The cytotoxic effect of encapsulated 5-fluorouracil was proved in the HeLa tumor cell culture

Published
2016

30. Construction of Microparticles Based on Resorbable Polymers Bioplastotan Using Spray Drying Method

Author

Shershneva, Anna М. and Shishatskaya, Ekaterina I.

Subjects
D-оптимальный дизайн, microparticles, системы доставки лекарственных средств, drug delivery systems, полигидроксиалканоаты, распылительное высушивание, polyhydroxyalkanoates, spray drying, микрочастицы, D-optimal design
Abstract

Исследована возможность применения метода распылительного высушивания для конструирования микрочастиц на основе поли-3-гидроксибутирата (П(3ГБ)). Установлена зависимость характеристик микрочастиц (выход, средний диаметр, дзета-потенциал) от параметров процесса получения (температура на входе в систему, скорость подачи полимерного раствора и концентрация раствора полимера). Показано, что на величину дзета- потенциала микрочастиц достоверное влияние оказывала концентрация раствора полимера, а на средний диаметр – температура на входе в систему. Также в работе оптимизированы условия получения П(3ГБ) микрочастиц с минимальной потерей продукта (до 10 %) The possibility of using the spray drying method for the construction of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (P3HB) based microparticles was studied. The dependence of characteristics of microparticles (yield, average diameter, zeta-potential) from processing parameters (temperature at the inlet of the system, the feed rate of polymer solution and concentration of the polymer solution) was found. It is shown that zeta potential of microparticles was influenced by concentration of the polymer solution, and the average diameter was determined by temperature of the inlet. Also, conditions of obtaining P3HB microparticles were optimized to minimize polymer loss (approximately 10 %)

Published
2014

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results