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Background. Healing of open wounds in the oral cavity is often accompanied by infection and constant traumatization, which lead to impaired blood supply to the tissues, lack of trophic support and low oxygen supply to increasing proliferative processes. Recently, photodynamic therapy has taken its place among the methods for stimulating regeneration of oral mucosal tissues. The authors consider it essential to study the influence of photodynamic treatment on the functional state of the microvasculature in the wound tissues, which determines the transcapillary exchange and the tissue respiration, providing the tissue regeneration.Objective. To study the photodynamic effect of sequential dual-wavelength radiation on the microvasculature in the wound tissues of the oral mucosa in vivo.Methods. The study was carried out on 36 female outbred Wistar rats, weighing 200–250 g. The animals were divided into two groups: control group (n = 18) and experimental group (n = 18). Wound surfaces healed by secondary intention were modeled on the cheek mucosa of the animals. Dual-wavelength photodynamic therapy was performed in the 1st postoperative day in experimental group. The microcirculatory function was assessed by Doppler flowmetry before, and on days 3, 7 and 14 after wounding. The results were processed using IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0.0.1 (IBM Inc., USA).Results. It has been established that dual-wavelength photodynamic therapy has a positive effect on the restoration of the microvasculature of the wound tissues. This therapy facilitated bypassing for microcirculatory flow on the 3rd day of the study, and increased the perfusion of tissues on the 7th. The experimental group did not have congestive-ischaemic phenomena in the wound region; the microcirculatory flow was augmented through the microcirculation regulation by the 14th day.Conclusion. Following the obtained results the use of dual-wavelength photodynamic therapy can be considered as a promising method for restoration of the microvasculature of tissues in the oral mucosal trauma.

The review discusses the development of optical coherence tomography with the function of angiography, focusing on its advantages, features, and prospects for the diagnosis of fundus pathologies.

Aim. To study state of vascular wall within different levels of vascular bed in patients with arterial hypertension (HT) and ischemic heart disease (IHD), and the possibility of the correction of revealed disorders with antiplatelet agent — clopidogrel 75 mg/day. Material and methods. 40 patients with HT of 1-2 degree and IHD (stable angina of I-II functional class) were included into the study. 20 healthy volunteers were included into the control group. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) was evaluated by volumetric sphygmography. Microvasculature (MC) was evaluated by computerized ultrasound Doppler velocimetry. Plasma activity of von Willebrand factor (vWF) was evaluated by direct quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent chemical analysis. Results. Patients with HT and IHD have abnormalities of all levels of the vascular bed compared with subjects of control group: endothelial function (increased vWF), MC disorders (lack of the linear flow velocity augmentation 1.4% vs 23.7%), as well as increase in PWV in elastic type vessels (13.27±0.53 vs 8.37±0.76 m/s). Strong positive correlation (r=0.71; p20% during the test was observed in 27 (67.5%) patients treated with clopidogrel. Conclusion. Clopidogrel has effects on MC disorders and significantly reduces the vWF activity level.

Objective: To assess the degree of influence of intrauterine alcoholization on the formation of various structural components of the brain of human embryos., Material and Methods: Twenty-six samples of embryonic material from 8 to 11 weeks of intrauterine development were studied. The material was divided into four subgroups in accordance with the gestational age (Control 1 - 8-9 weeks of gestation and Control 2 - 10-11 weeks of gestation) and the history of the mother (presence or absence of the diagnosis «Alcoholism stage I-II» in the anamnesis). Morphometry was subjected to semi-thin sections stained by Nissl. The diameter and area of each individual tissue element (neuroblasts, glioblasts, vessels of the microvasculature, as well as the determination of the specific area (the ratio of the total area of the studied structure to the area of the entire section) and the calculation of the average number of these structures per unit area of the section, were determined. The AxioVision 4.8 program (Carl Zeiss, Germany) was used for analysis, and the Mann-Whitney test was used for statistical analysis of differences between the samples (significant differences, p <0.05)., Results: An insufficient increase in the area of vessels of the microvasculature was revealed in combination with a compensatory increase in their number per unit area of the section in the Alcohol groups compared with intact groups (48.5 μm 2 vs 83.3 μm 2 , p <0.05). When comparing the sizes of glioblasts in the Control and Alcohol subgroups at different stages of development, a lag in the sizes of cellular structures in the Alcohol groups at the initial stages was revealed (average area 21.3 μm 2 vs 32.1 μm 2 ; 12.9 μm 2 vs 13.3 μm 2 ). When comparing data on later periods, no significant differences were found, only an increase in the specific number of cells in subgroup Alcohol 2 was noted ( p <0.05). In neuroblasts, there was also a decrease in cell size with an increase in gestational age both among the Control and among the Alcohol subgroups. However, the cell sizes in Alcohol 2 exceeded those in Control 2 and their number was smaller ( p <0.05)., Conclusion: Alcohol leads to changes in the size and number of neuroblasts, glioblasts and vessels of the microvasculature and, as a result, to a disproportionate development of the entire brain tissue. The changes progress with an increase in the development period.