Search

Background: Pelvic floor dysfunction is a widespread, multifactorial disease that progresses slowly with age and occurs in 77% of postmenopausal women.Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of conservative treatment of pelvic floor dysfunction in women and the possibility of preventing pelvic organ prolapse.Materials and methods: We analyzed literature data (PubMed, eLibrary, Scopus) on treatment and prevention of pelvic floor dysfunction in women using various conservative treatment options.Results: The conservative approach is the only preventive measure and a first-line treatment of pelvic organ prolapse, especially at the disease onset. It involves lifestyle changes, physical therapy, and pessary insertion. Physical therapy includes pelvic floor muscle training with or without biofeedback, vaginal cones, electrical stimulation, etc.Conclusions: Despite the large number of available conservative treatment options, their effectiveness should be further studied, and preventive measures aimed at strengthening pelvic floor muscles should be actively promoted and included in the routine medical use and daily life of women to prevent pelvic organ prolapse.

Relevance. Pelvic floor dysfunction and pelvic organ prolapse are a significant problem today - even the initial manifestations of pelvic floor dysfunction can lead to reduced quality of sexual life, decreased activity, and then to social isolation and decreased self-esteem of women. Due to the growth of general life expectancy, the incidence rate is also increasing. One of the most popular conservative treatments for pelvic floor dysfunction is pelvic floor muscle training. The aim of this literature review is to consolidate the scattered information about the effectiveness of pelvic floor muscle training as a prevention and treatment of pelvic floor dysfunction. Materials and Methods. In writing the review, publications from the PubMed and Google Scholar databases from January 2019 were analyzed and systematized. Results and Discussion. Pelvic floor muscle training is one of the most prospective methods of non-invasive treatment for pelvic organ prolapse. It can take many forms and is represented by a range of different techniques: from the simple short-term muscle contraction and Kegel exercises to more complex and high-tech methods using electromyostimulation and biofeedback. However, timing of introduction and method for pelvic floor muscle training must be carefully considered in order to gain the maximum result. Conclusion. Based on the study, it can be concluded that the introduction of pelvic floor muscle training as part of prenatal care and in the antenatal period is the most appropriate way to prevent pelvic floor failure and genital prolapse. Further research is required to confirm the hypothesis.

Relevance. The issue of pelvic floor muscle dysfunction (PFMD) is common in female population. It causes severe moral suffering and reduces both social activity and a quality of patient’s life. In this regard PFMD management with modern methods for training of pelvic floor muscles using devices is the "first line" method. Aim. To study treatment effectiveness and a quality of life in women with PFMD followed radical treatment for breast cancer (BC). Outcomes and methods. A prospective clinical study on clinical efficacy of a biofeedback method in combination with electrical stimulation of pelvic floor muscles using a device “Urostim” in patients with mild PFMD followed combined treatment fpr BC was carried out at Department of Aesthetic Gynecology of V.I.Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology. The study included 15 postmenopausal women. Results. It was established that 10 sessions of pelvic floor muscles training in a mode of biofeedback result in beneficial effects on for all clinical indicators. Conclusion. PFMD treatment by training of pelvic floor muscles using devices is one of the most promising ways to reduce surgical interventions number in urogynecology and to provide a rehabilitation of women who had surgery for BC.

Active ageing and operability of the modern women makes actual the problem of effective rehabilitation of patients with pelvic floor dysfunction, to maintain a high level the quality of life. The given review considers the therapeutic possibilities of adding biofeedback to pelvic floor muscle training to treat incontinence and to improve women's sexual functioning. The tactics and the effectiveness of various techniques the treatment and the rehabilitation are discussed, that are used for sexual dysfunction, associated with incontinence. The article describes the prospects using biofeedback in urogynecology and highlight need for more additional knowledge from experts in the field of women's sexual health.