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In the 1960s, following the Thalidomide Disaster, the World Health Organization (WHO) initiated the development of an international drug safety monitoring programme. The objectives of this WHO programme are to improve the quality and safety of pharmaceuticals, and to support public health programmes by providing information for effective assessment of the risk-benefit ratio of medicinal products. The paper outlines the main focus areas of the programme and the mechanism of interaction between the countries involved. It summarises the functions of the WHO Collaborating Centre for International Drug Monitoring located in Uppsala, namely, accumulation and assessment of data on efficacy, inefficacy and risks of medicinal products, which are communicated by the participating countries, and provision of reliable and coherent data to specialists. The paper provides a review of online resources and methods used by VigiBase — global database of adverse drug reactions — that make it possible to search and analyse the data statistically. It describes the functions of the national monitoring centres located in different regions, and their interaction with the WHO. The dissemination of objective and reliable medical information throughout the world, promotion of pharmacovigilance as a science, creation of international partnerships and pooling of expertise from different countries allow for a significant improvement in the safety of pharmacotherapy.

Определили качество пулированной патоген-редуцированной донорской плазмы. Све жезамороженную плазму (СЗП) получали из крови 48 доноров (19 женщин и 29 мужчин). Приготовили 10 пулов плазмы (9 – из 5 доз и 1 – из 3 доз). Для инактивации патогенов использовалась технология с применением амотосалена и ультрафиолета А. Пулированная патоген-редуцированная плазма содержит достаточное количество фибриногена и фактора VIII и является более стандартизованным продуктом по сравнению с образцами СЗП отдельных доноров. Пулированная патоген-редуцированная с использованием амотосалена и ультрафиолета А плазма содержит достаточное количество фибриногена и фактора VIII, а также соответствует требованиям качества в соответствии c нормативами Республики Казахстан и Совета Европы и является более стандартизованным продуктом по сравнению с образцами СЗП отдельных доноров., The quality of the pooled pathogen-reduced donor plasma was determined. Fresh frozen plasma (FFP) was obtained from the blood of 48 donors (19 women and 29 men); 10 plasma pools were prepared (9 – from 5 units and 1 – from 3 units). The technology using amotosalen and ultraviolet A was used to inactivate pathogens. The pathogen-reduced plasma contains a sufficient amount of fibrinogen and factor VIII; and it is a more standardized product in comparison with the FFP samples of individual donors. The pathogen-reduced (using amotosalen and ultraviolet A) plasma contains a sufficient amount of fibrinogen and factor VIII. It meets the quality requirements in accordance with the standards of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Council of Europe. It is a more standardized product in comparison with the FFP samples of individual donors., Гематология. Трансфузиология. Восточная Европа, Выпуск 1 2020

В работе проведен процесс моделирования сверточных искусственных нейронных сетей. Исследовано влияние количества слоев свертки и субдискретизации в сверточной сети на точность классификации изображений. The modeling process of convolutional artificial neural networks is described.The convolutional network layers number influence on quality of image classification is researched.

In this paper, we look at the interregional cooperation in adjacent areas. Specifically, we focus our attention on the cluster of regions formed by the city of St. Petersburg, the Leningrad region and the Republic of Karelia. All three areas face a number of challenges when it comes to international trade: challenges that are shared and that require strategic coordinated solutions from regional decisionmakers. One of such solutions, for example, could require pooling of competitive advantages of these areas. The analysis of strategic documents of regional development, however, shows that the issue of interregional cooperation has not been duly addressed at any level, theoretical or practical. It is important to strengthen international trade capacity and to increase cooperation in other areas of cross-border relations, since these processes are crucial for Russia’s integration into the global markets.