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The objectives of the work are to develop a non-contact method of detecting internal electro-magnetic defects in synchronous generators based on the analysis of asymmetry of the external magnetic field distribution resulting from damage, establishing the relationship of defects of a generator with the pattern of field distribution, identifying diagnostic signs for the defects. These objectives are achieved by developing and using three-dimensional finite-element models of the external magnetic field of synchronous generators, by studying and analyzing the results of nu-merical simulation of external magnetic fields, by comparing the simulation results with experi-mental data. Significant results of the work include the improvement of the non-contact method for detecting internal electromagnetic defects in synchronous generators, revealing how defects of the generator manifest themselves in the asymmetry of magnetic field distribution, and detect-ing the correlation of field asymmetry with the type and severity of defects. For implicit-pole synchronous generators, it is reasonable to use the field asymmetry coefficient determined by the shift in the magnetic field distribution caused by field coils damage. The sign of the coeffi-cient indicates the pole with a damaged field coil. The value of the coefficient characterizes the severity of damage to the field coils, with a critical value of 0.1. The significance of the results lies in the possibility of timely and non-contact diagnostics of internal electromagnetic defects of implicit-pole synchronous generators, which can significantly reduce the economic damage from failures of generators without installation of diagnostic sensors of damage inside the generators.

THE PURPOSE. Consider the existing ways of using electromechanical converters for power supply of an autonomous consumer. Conduct a comparative analysis of electromechanical converters, scenarios and conditions for their use in the power supply of an autonomous consumer. To develop a proposal to eliminate the shortcomings in existing models of synchronous generators in order to increase their controllability. To develop a mathematical description of a synchronous generator with magnetoelectric excitation from permanent magnets of a single-phase type with a simplified design as a universal example of the functioning of the entire proposed line of synchronous generators. Carry out mathematical modeling of the generator proposed for consideration in order to confirm the proposed method of regulating the generated parameters, such as current and voltage, without the need to change the generator shaft rotation speed.METHODS. When solving the problem, the method of describing an electric machine in a dq-coordinate system using a multi-winding description of the machine was used; to confirm the proposed control method, mathematical modeling with the SimInTech environment was used.RESULTS. The article describes the relevance of the topic, considers the features of the operation of various electromechanical converters for power supply of an autonomous consumer, indicates the conditions for the use of one type or another of the architects of the power supply system in conjunction with electromechanical converters. A line of synchronous generators with magnetoelectric excitation is proposed in order to improve their controllability, namely, the ability to regulate the output generated parameters.CONCLUSION. Using of the proposed synchronous generators with excitation from permanent magnets will allow for additional regulation of the generated parameters, thereby allowing either completely or partially to exclude additional semiconductor converting equipment, thereby reducing losses during the conversion of electrical energy. Moreover, it is possible to regulate the generated current and voltage discretely by two times increasing one of these values, this method of regulation depends on the design of the generator.

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