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The aim of this diploma thesis is to analyse the development of the regulatory framework and its current state according to the latest Basel III framework. The new rules were created as a response to the financial crisis that started in 2007. The framework represents significant increase in quality, amount and transparency of the capital base in comparison with the pre-crisis situation. Basel III has both micro and macroprudential focus. The diploma thesis describes the development and shortcomings of regulatory framework that necessitated revisions of the regulatory rules over time. These rules evolve with the changes in the financial system and the way how financial risks are managed. Although the roots of financial crisis are related to the mortgage-backed securities market, the banking sector played an important role in spreading the problems. Therefore the diploma thesis will also concentrate on fundamental flaws that contributed to the financial crisis. Then the immediate corrective action taken as a response to the financial crisis are described. After that, the Basel III rules are presented in detail. The newest monitoring of the rules carried out by the Basel Committe and cost analysis carried out by IMF including evaluation based on various analyses of Basel III are presented. Basel III has addressed most of the flaws revealed in Basel II. However, some issues still remain unsolved, which can lead to future problems with the financial system stability.