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Viability of an organism and possibility to survive in natural environment could be judged by the magnitude of fluctuating asymmetry (FA) which is defined as random deviation from perfect symmetry of an organism. In order to estimate if there is the difference in FA between diploid female and sterile triploid rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) the number of rays in pelvic and pectoral fins was determined on both sides of body in 150 individuals from two populations which were of the same genetic origin and were reared under same farm conditions. Units of asymmetry were determined as the absolute value of difference between counts on both sides of body. Results indicate that diploids exhibit larger FA than triploids in both traits; however the difference between both populations is statistically significant only if the number of units of asymmetry for both traits for each fish is summed up. The need to estimate the viability of these two populations on the basis of other traits is discussed and the necessity to use the metric traits to determine FA is stressed out.