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Zaloge so zelo pomemben del določenega podjetja, saj nam zagotavljajo nemoteno delovanje proizvodnje, brez nenadnih zastojev zaradi pomanjkanja potrebnega materiala ali sestavnih delov. Torej je delovanje podjetja brez zalog nemogoče. Ampak z zalogami so povezani tudi veliki stroški, zato je gospodarjenje z zalogami zelo pomembno. V prvem delu diplomske naloge so predstavljeni osnovni pojmi povezani z zalogami, predstavljene so vrste zalog, upravljanje z zalogami ter stroški, ki se pojavljajo. V drugem delu pa so predstavljene različne metode, ki nam pomagajo pri načrtovanju potreb po materialu in pri samem upravljanju podjetja. Govorimo o metodah MRP (Materials requirements planning), MRP II ( Manufacturing Resource Planning ) in ERP (Enterprise resource planning). Supplies are an important part of a certain company because they provide a fluent production activity without sudden breaks because of the lack of required material or component part. Therefore the business activity without supply is not possible. The first part of this diploma thesis represents fundamental concepts regarding supply, rather kinds of supply, supply and costs management, which occur. The second part represents diverse methods, which help at material requirements planning and at company managing itself. These methods are MRP (Material requirements planning), MRP II (Manufacturing resource planning), and ERP (Enterprise resource planning).

V hudem konkurenčnem boju se na trgih obdržijo samo proizvodna podjetja, ki dobavljajo široko paleto izdelkov vrhunske kakovosti v kratkih rokih in po nizkih cenah. Kupci zaradi zahtev po kratkih dobavnih rokih, možnostih spreminjanja naročil ter njihovih količin in fleksibilnosti in zanesljivosti dobav postavljajo proizvajalce pred zelo zahtevne naloge. Zato podjetja stremijo k nenehnemu izboljšanju učinkovitosti in optimizacije proizvodnega procesa. Osnovni namen magistrskega dela je razviti model dinamičnega planiranja serijske proizvodnje v obravnavanem podjetju, zato naloga najprej predstavlja spoznanja domače in tuje literature s področja planiranja proizvodnje, nadalje preučuje stanje sedanjega sistema planiranja v izbranem podjetju ter na podlagi opravljene raziskave ponudi nov model dinamičnega planiranja proizvodnje za potrebe delovanja podjetja. V zadnjih letih se je podjetje soočilo z velikimi spremembami v poslovanju in spremembi proizvodnih programov. Te spremembe so povzročile predvsem probleme pri planiranju in vodenju proizvodnje, kar se izraža v nenehnih zamudah do kupcev, ki pa so tudi posledica slabo izkoriščenih strojev. Magistrsko delo se v prvem delu naloge ukvarja s teoretičnimi izhodišči planiranja proizvodnje, kjer so predstavljeni in pojasnjeni različni proizvodni sistemi, ki se uporabljajo v podjetjih vsepovsod po svetu. V nadaljevanju podrobneje opisujemo različne koncepte materialnega toka proizvodnega sistema, ki se uporabljajo pri planiranju in vodenju proizvodnje. Četrto poglavje opisuje obravnavano podjetje, na primeru katerega v petem poglavju postavimo izhodišča za razvoj dinamičnega planiranja proizvodnje. Z empiričnim delom v zaključku magistrske naloge preučujemo, kako bi uvedba novega, dinamičnega modela planiranja proizvodnje lahko pripomogla k temu, da bi podjetje v povprečju bolje izkoristilo razpoložljivo strojno opremo in tudi zmanjšalo zamude v proizvodnji. V sklepnem delu podajamo svoj pogled na uvedbo novega sistema planiranja proizvodnje v obravnavanem podjetju ter opredelimo izhodišča, s katerimi se bodo druga podjetja lažje odločala za implementacijo bolj optimalnega sistema planiranja proizvodnje v svojo organizacijo. Nowadays, when companies are faced with huge market competition, it is crucial for their existence on the market that they provide large range of high quality products in short terms and at low prices. Buyers are putting manufacturers in front of difficult tasks, due to their demand for short term supply, later changes of ordered products and their quantity, expectation of flexibility and reliable supply. Mentioned factors are the main reason why companies strive towards constant improvement of efficiency and optimization of production process. Basic purpose of this thesis is to develop a model of dynamic planning in mass production for the discussed company. Therefore, thesis deals with findings of national and international literature in the field of production planning, further on studies the condition of current planning system of the discussed company and provides a new model of dynamic planning in mass production for the operational needs of discussed company as a result of conducted research. In the last years, the discussed company was faced with large changes in the way company was doing business and with production programs. These changes led to problems with production planning and control, which consequentially meant constant delays in relation to buyers. The latter is also a consequence of inefficient machinery usage. First part of the thesis deals with theory concepts of production planning and provides explanation of different models of production planning that are used all over the world. Furthermore, we provide detailed description for different concepts of material flow of production system that is used for production planning and control. Chapter 4 deals with description of discussed company, which is used as an example for the basis of development of a new, dynamic planning production model. In the empirical part of the thesis we study how an implementation of a new dynamic planning production model would be beneficial to the discussed company in a sense of a better, more efficient machinery usage and prevention of possible delays in the production process. The conclusion of the thesis provides our own view of a new production planning model, developed for implementation to the discussed company, and defines fundamentals that other companies can take into consideration, when deciding to implement the most optimal production planning system in their organization.

Obravnava zalog v podjetju predstavlja velik pomen pri gospodarnosti podjetja. Zaloge moramo dobro upravljati in jih pravilno analizirati, da z njimi ustvarimo najboljše izdelke. Zaloge v trgovskih podjetjih predstavljajo obliko kratkoročnega sredstva podjetja, ki pa je zelo pomembna. Ker predstavljajo velik delež finančnih sredstev, je upravljanje z njimi zelo pomembno. Zaloge podjetju predstavljajo tudi strošek in šele pravilna analiza ter upravljanje z njimi nas vodi h konkurenčnosti s trgom. Problematika zalog se kaže v vsakodnevnem življenju. Pomembno je pravilno skladiščiti materialne postavke, ki pa iz stroškovnega vidika nimajo enakega pomena. V diplomskem delu obravnavamo upravljanje zalog v splošnem in upravljanje zalog z ABC in XYZ analizo. Analizirali in izdelali bomo hipotetično tabelo 30-ih vhodnih materialov, jih preučili in analizirali s pomočjo ABC in XYZ analize. Poglobili se bomo v ABC in XYZ analizo ter v dejavnike, ki vplivajo na to, kako upravljati s pomočjo navedenih analiz. Glede na vsebino je diplomsko delo sestavljeno na dva dela. Na začetku je predmet obravnave upravljanje zalog na splošno in ABC ter XYZ analiza. Zatem sledi tabela in s tem primer upravljanja zalog z omenjenima analizama v praktičnem pomenu. Vseskozi opazujemo in ugotavljamo kako z večanjem učinkovitosti upravljanja zalog stremimo k večji konkurenčnosti in k boljši gospodarnosti podjetja. Dealing with stock is a big part of company's economics. It is important to properly manage and analyze the stock in order to produce the best product. The stock in trading companies represents very important short term resources. Because of its big financial significance dealing with stock is extremely important. The stock also represents company's costs and only proper management and analysis can lead to the company's competitiveness in the market. The issue is apparent in everyday life and it is important to properly store material items, which do not have the same financial value. In this study we deal with general stock management as well as stock management using ABC and XYZ analysis. We are going to analyze a hypothetical table with 30 input items and study them using ABC and XYZ analysis. We will examine the ABC and XYZ analyses and factors, which influence stock management. Content wise this study is consists of two parts. First part we talk about general stock management as well as ABC and XYZ analyses. We continue with our case study using the aforementioned analyses. Throughout the whole process we observe and note how the increased efficiency of stock management increases company's competitiveness in the market.

Živimo v okolju, kjer se morajo proizvodna podjetja zavedati problema globalizacije ter vedno večje mednarodne konkurence, kar pomeni, da mora podjetje strmeti k zniževanju stroškov, zagotavljanju najvišje kakovosti ter čim krajših dobavnih rokih. Zato je pravilno planiranje proizvodnje s pomočjo informacijskih tehnologij eden izmed ključnih dejavnikov uspešnosti podjetja. Različne navedbe v literaturi so pokazale, da je informacijski sistem ključen dejavnik konkurenčnosti podjetja. Prav tako je ključen dejavnik, ki vpliva na rast in razvoj logistike. Računalniško podprti informacijski sistemi so sistemi za planiranje materialnih potreb (MRP), sistemi za planiranje virov (MRP II), sistemi za planiranje distribucije (DRP) in sistem »točno v pravem času« (JIT). Magistrsko delo obravnava računalniško podprt informacijski sistem, za planiranje materialnih potreb. Osredotočili smo se predvsem na to, kako pravilno planiranje materialnih potreb vpliva na potek proizvodnje in tako na celotno uspešnost delovanja podjetja. S pomočjo MRP sistema lahko v podjetju dosežemo optimalno opredelitev tega, katere komponente so za izvedbo operativnega plana potrebne, koliko vsake od njih bomo potrebovali, kdaj jo bomo potrebovali in kdaj moramo posamezne komponente naročiti, da bodo pravočasno na voljo. Rezultat tega so optimalne zaloge ter nižji stroški naročanja in skladiščenja. We live in an environment where production companies must to be aware of globalization problem and growing international competition. Thus, they have to stay focused on minimizing the cost and providing the highest quality and shortest possible delivery times. Adequate production planning, which relies heavily on information technology, is a key factor influencing a company’s performance. Several authors have highlighted that an effective information system importantly contributes to a company’s competitiveness. It is also a key factor affecting the growth and development of its logistics. Computerised information systems include, material requirements planning (MRP) systems, manufacturing resource planning (MRP II) systems, distribution resource planning (DRP) systems and systems Just in Time (JIT). This master thesis discusses computer - based information systems to plan for material requirements of a company. Its focal point is the effect of MRP on the production process and, as a result, on the overall performance of the company. By implementing a MRP system, a company can optimally develop requirements for components and in addition to establishing what is needed, how much is needed and when is it needed to produce the final product. Successful implementation of a MRP system results in optimal inventory levels and lower procurement and storage costs.