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Diplomsko delo zajema podrobnejšo analizo komunikacije pri radijski sistemih za brezžični dostop med bralnikom in odzivnikom. Na konkretnem primeru je predstavljena komunikacija po standardu ISO/IEC 14443A. Radijski sistem za brezžični dostop zajema bralnik MIFARE MFRC522 in odzivnik MF1ICS50, ki smo ju v nadaljevanju uporabili za odklepanje ter zaklepanje vrat. Pri tem smo uporabili dodatni mikro krmilnik in servo motor. Programsko opremo smo razvili v okolju Arduino na platformi Arduino Uno, ki temelji na mikro krmilniku ATMega 328. Graduation thesis includes a detailed analysis of the communication in radio systems for wireless access between the reader and the transponder. On a concrete example is presented communication by ICO/IEC14443A standard. Radio systems for wireless access comprise a MIFARE MFRC522 reader and MF1ICS50 transponder, which we hereafter used to unlock and lock the door. We used an additional microcontroller and servo motor. The software was developed in an environment Arduino on the platform Arduino Uno, which is based on ATmega 328 microcontroller.

V diplomskem delu sem opisala in tako predstavila organizacijo uvedbe EMV-tehnologije v podjetju Erste Card, d. o. o. Poudarek je predvsem na organizaciji in ne na tehničnih in informacijskih podrobnostih uvedbe. Ker je uvedba EMV-tehnologije v podjetju Erste Card, d. o. o., nov dejavnik, sem opisala ključne spremembe, ki so in bodo vplivale na organizacijo nekaterih delovnih procesov v različnih sektorjih. Zaradi uvedbe EMV-tehnologije smo na nekaterih področjih organizirali dodatne dejavnosti, ki se bodo odvijale kot enkratni dogodki, s tem so mišljeni začetni razgovori na bankah in v procesnih centrih, priprava infrastrukture na POS-terminalih in programski opremi podjetja Erste Card, d. o. o., ter testiranja POS-terminalov. Tudi priprava novih pogodb, aneksov, navodil ter obveščanje trgovcev in obstoječih imetnikov o novi, pametni kartici Diners Club imajo v organizaciji uvedbe EMV-tehnologije značaj enkratnega dogodka. Ostale nove dejavnosti pa bodo stalne, odvijale se bodo občasno ali vsakodnevno. Največ organizacijskih sprememb bo v Službi podpore prodaji, Službi plačilnega prometa, Službi operativnega tveganja in Službi mreže prodajnih mest. Spremenili se bodo procesi, vezani na reklamacije članov, certifikacijo novih POS-terminalov, izdelavo in distribucijo pametnih kartic ter operativno tveganje. Naredili smo oceno učinkov, kjer smo ugotovili, da prevladujejo prednosti za podjetje. Slabosti, če jih lahko tako imenujemo, so ugotovljene predvsem za imetnike kartic, vendar v smislu njihove varnosti, saj je PIN ključni element, ki ga bodo potrebovali pri poslovanju s pametno kartico. Prenos odgovornosti je glavni razlog uvedbe EMV-tehnologije v podjetju, saj bi, če te zahteve DCI ne bi izpolnili, v prihodnosti krili vse stroške zlorab v vseh franšizah, ki novo tehnologijo že uporabljajo. The goal of this diploma is to introduce organizational changes, sparked by introduction of EMV technology for Diners Club cards. The main focus is on organizational, much less on technical and informatical details of implementation. EMV technology is a novelty for Erste Card, so we try to explain key changes, which will influence current organization of internal and some external processes, that are performed in different Sectors of our Company, during and after the project. Because of the implementation of new, EMV Technology, we had to organize additional activities, which will only occur during the project. They include initial meetings and workshops with Banks and Process centers, improvements on infrastructure (POS terminals) and on software, both inside Erste Card and at our partners. Also important will be a thorough testing of new functionalities. Added to that, we will need to prepare new contracts and anexes, manuals with all the data about new, smart card for our merchants and so on. Other activities will be permanent, they will be performed in different time intervals. Most affected departments will be Issuing, Finance, Credit Control and also Acquiring. Some of the processes will be changed, mostly Customers complaints, New POS Terminal certifications, production and distribution of new, Chip Cards and also operational risk procedures. We did a raw estimation of all the impacts and found out that strenghts and oportunities outscore possible threats and weaknesses. Most problems are connected with Cardholders, but not by impacting their security. PIN is a key element that will make the new product safe for use. For Erste Card d.o.o., liability shift is the main reason for implementation of EMV Technology. If we would not enhance current magnetic stripe cards, we would be under threat to cover all the expences for possible fraud, related to our portfolio of cards, against all franchises that are already using PIN and Chip technology.

V diplomskem delu opisujem spletno bančništvo. To temo sem si izbral zato, ker me zanima ravno takšna oblika bančništva. Spletno bančništvo je za banke postalo nepogrešljiv del poslovanja. Zaradi velike konkurence in obstoja na tržišču morajo banke nenehno spremljati spremembe, trende, ki se pojavljajo na področju spletnega bančništva in se nanje tudi hitro odzvati. Spletno bančništvo omogoča uporabniku hitro, varno in kakovostno opravljanje bančnih storitev. Vse več ljudi uporablja opravljanje bančnih storitev preko spletnega bančništva, saj jim le-ta omogoča 24-urno dostopnost, vse dni v letu, dostop do spletnih strani bank od kjerkoli in cenovno ugodnost. Diplomsko delo je razdeljeno na tri dele. V prvem delu želim predstaviti razvoj spletnega bančništva na splošno. V nadaljevanju opisujem oblike in delovanje spletnega bančništva v Sloveniji, storitve in vrste, prednosti in slabosti ter varnost in prihodnost spletnega bančništva. V drugem delu opisujem plačilne in poravnalne sisteme v Sloveniji ter vključenost v vseevropske plačilne sisteme. V tem delu opisujem tudi pomen in strukturo bančnih oznak, BIC-kode in transakcijski račun. Dotaknil sem se tudi teme enotnega območja plačil v evrih (SEPA), neprekinjenega poslovanja plačilnih in poravnalnih sistemov ter nadomestil za opravljanje plačilnih storitev. V zaključku drugega dela sem še opisal vodenje računov za komitente ter vidike vodenja računov. V tretjem delu opisujem spletno bančništvo NLB, d. d., Ljubljana, ki je namenjeno pravnim osebam in zasebnikom. Na začetku najprej na splošno predstavim NLB, d. d., Ljubljana, nato pa podrobneje opisujem funkcionalnost spletnega bančništva NLB Proklik, in sicer: namen in prednosti, osnovne pogoji za delo, varnost, oblike, storitve, ki jih nudi NLB Proklik, pametno kartico, opravila, stroške poslovanja. Spletno bančništvo predstavlja prihodnost bančnih storitev, nujno potrebno pa je predvsem z vidika časa in denarja. Živimo v času stresnih služb in hitrega tempa življenja, kar je pa poglavitni razlog za vstop v svet spleta. The graduation thesis describes on-line banking. The topic was chosen because of my interest in this particular kind of banking. On-line banking has become an indispensable part of operation for the banks. Because of great competition and surviving on the market the banks have to constantly follow the changes and trends emerging in the field of on-line banking and react to them quickly. On-line banking enables the user to perform quick, safe and quality banking services. More and more people are using on-line banking services because these offer 24-hour access every day of the year, access to web pages of banks from any location and are affordable. The graduation thesis is divided into three parts. The first part presents the development of on-line banking in general. This is followed by a description of the forms and operation of on-line banking in Slovenia, services and types, advantages and disadvantages as well as security and the future of on-line banking. The second part describes payment and settlement systems in Slovenia as well as integration into Europe-wide payment systems. This part also describes the meaning and structure of banking codes, the BIC-code and the transaction account. It also deals with the topic of the unified payment area in Euro (SEPA), continuous operation of payment and settlement systems as well as compensations for performing payment services. The conclusion of the second part also describes account management of clients and views on account management. The third part describes on-line banking of NLB, PLC, Ljubljana which is intended for legal and private persons. The beginning is a general description of NLB, PLC, Ljubljana which is followed by a detailed description of the functionality of NLP Proklik web-banking: the purpose and advantages, basic conditions for work, security, types, services offered by NLB Proklik, smart card, tasks, operating expenses. On-line banking presents the future of banking services, it is mostly necessary from the perspective of time and money. We are living in a time of stressful jobs and fast pace of life which is the main reason for entering the on-line world.

V zadnjem desetletju se vedno pogosteje srečujemo s pojmom pametna kartica. Gre za pomnilniške kartice, katerih vsebino podatkov je mogoče spreminjati tudi med samo uporabo. Pametne kartice zato poznajo nabor ukazov za dostop, branje in spreminjanje vsebine. Danes se take kartice uporabljajo na veliko različnih področjih. Najpogostejši primeri uporabe so bančne kartice, osebne izkaznice, kartice zvestobe in kartice javnega prevoza. Želja po zmanjšanju števila pametnih kartic, ki jih uporabljamo vsakodnevno, in uporaba pametnih telefonov, je na trg pripeljala novo rešitev. S tehnologijo, ki jo uporabljajo pametni telefoni, je mogoče simulirati pametne kartice. Pametni telefoni bi tako v naslednjih letih lahko zamenjali pametne kartice. Cilj diplomskega dela je bil predstaviti eno od rešitev, ki nadomesti že obstoječe pametne kartice z uporabo pametnega telefona in oblaka, brez potrebe po dodatnem nameščanju programske opreme na že obstoječe čitalnike pametnih kartic. In the last decade we are often confronted with term smart card. Smart cards are usually plastic cards with integrated circuit that enables storage of data. The term textit{smart} indicates that the data on the card can be modified after initial manifacturing. Today this kind of cards are used in many different areas. The most known use cases are credit cards, loyalty cards, biometric passports, transportation cards and so on. Our wish to reduce the number of cards in our wallets and the rise of smart phones has brought new solutions. With technologies that smart phones offer it is possible to simulate and emulate virtual smart cards. Smart phones therefore could reduce or even replace the number of plastic smart cards in the next couple of years. The goal of this bachelor thesis if to present a solution that could replace plastic smart cards with the use of smart phones and cloud, without modifying or upgrading any software which is already installed on every day used card readers.

Hiter razvoj na področju e-poslovanja je za uporabnike v današnji družbi lahko že pravi izziv. Zaradi zmanjševanja papirologije in prehoda na elektronsko poslovanje, je potreba po digitalnih potrdilih vse večja. Tržišče ponuja več certifikatnih agencij pri katerih je možno naročiti digitalno potrdilo za pravne osebe. Odvisno od namena uporabe digitalnega potrdila je pomembna tudi izbira primerne certifikatne agencije, saj vsa digitalna potrdila ne omogočajo dostop do istih stvari. Hkrati pa se je po izbiri certifikatne agencije potrebno odločiti tudi za medij oz. način hranjenja digitalnega potrdila. Cenovna razlika med mediji na katerih so lahko shranjena digitalna potrdila je velika, cene pa lahko sežejo tudi več sto evrov. Diplomska naloga podrobno prikazuje najpogostejša medija za digitalna potrdila za pravne osebe, pametno kartico in ključ USB, varnostne postopke, na podlagi zbranih rezultatov iz ankete pa smo predstavili prednosti in slabosti medijev, najpogostejše odločitve anketirancev ter kriterije za izbiro posameznega medija po profilu uporabnika. Internet commerce has improved enormously in past few years and has become a great challenge for everyday users. Corporations are making transition toward Internet commerce on one hand, and on the other hand they are trying to decrease the paperwork. Due to these reasons, corporations are increasing the need of Internet certificates. There are many different certificate agencies which provide Internet certificates for attorneys on the market. Based on the purpose of the Internet certificate, we can choose between different Internet certificate agencies, because not all certificates allow access to the same pages. While users are deciding which certificate agencies are their best option, they have to include the media or in other words, the way their certificate will be saved. The price range between the digital certificate meia is big. Prices of those can be also up to few hundreds of Euros. This thesis will discuss the two medias that are most commonly used by attorneys, a smart card and a USB key and security procedures. Based on the survey results, we will analyze pros and cons of medias, the most common answers respondents provided and lastly the criteria why specific media was used by user.

Že od vsega začetka se večina stvari vrti okoli denarja. Vendar denar »izgublja« svojo vrednost, kajti vedno manj imamo papirnatega denarja in kovancev v denarnici. Razvoj nas je pripeljal do tega, da smo začeli uporabljati čeke, nato pa se je začela vse večja uporaba kartic (plačilnih, kreditnih,…). Danes pa se srečujemo z različnimi plačilnimi instrumenti za plačevanje kot so elektronski denar, elektronski ček, digitalna denarnica. Pri nakupih v spletni trgovini, smo imeli najprej samo možnost poslovanja z gotovinskimi plačili ob prevzemu blaga, plačilo po predračunu, ampak ker so se tudi spletne trgovine razvijale in spreminjale lahko sedaj naš željen izdelek plačamo takoj preko različnih plačilnih sistemov kar preko spleta. Da je takšno poslovanje čim varnejše, načeloma spletne trgovine uporabljajo programe, ki omogočajo varno izvajanje transakcij, med katere spadajo PayPal, Eon, ... Da nakupovanje preko spleta tako narašča, vpliva predvsem njegova 24 urna dostopnost, ni čakanja v vrsti, nakupe pa lahko opravimo kar doma iz naslonjača. Since the beginning, most things revolve around money. But money has "lost" his value, because we have less and less banknotes and coins in our wallets. The development brought us to the fact that we started using checks and increasingly using different kinds of cards (debit, credit, ...). Today, we face different payment instruments for payment as electronic money, electronic checks, digital wallets… When we shopped at online shops, first we only had one option for cash payment on acceptance, but because the online stores also developed we can now pay the desired product through various means of payment as soon as we order it on the internet. That such operation is as safe as possible, different online store programs are used in order to facilitate the safe execution of operations, such as PayPal, Eon… Online shopping will continue to grow primarily from impact that it is available 24 hours a day, there is no waiting in lines and the purchase can be done from the comfort of our home chair.

V diplomskem delu so na kratko predstavljeni vsi elementi elektronskega bančništva s poudarkom na spletnem oziroma internetnem bančništvu. Ker elektronsko bančništvo prinaša določene prednosti in slabosti tako za komitente kot tudi za banko, so v samem delu predstavljene tudi vse bistvene prednosti in slabosti za obe strani. V nadaljevanju je prostor v diplomskem delu namenjen predvsem spletni rešitvi Banka IN. Delo nam predstavi celoten koncept Banke IN, njeno ponudbo in predstavi samo delovanje Banke IN. Ker so kot je že bilo povedano prednosti pomemben faktor za komitenta, nam delo predstavi tudi prednosti oziroma posebne ugodnosti ki si jih zagotovijo komitenti ob prenosu poslovanja na Banko IN. V zadnjem delu so predstavljene tudi varnostne komponente, ki komitentom oziroma uporabikom spletnega bančništva ponujajo maksimalno varnost poslovanja. In the diploma work all elements of electronic banking are presented, with the main stress on the web banking. Electronic banking brings specific benefits and drawbacks for the customers as well as for the bank, so all the important benefits and drawbacks for both sides are presented. In the continuation the diploma work focuses mainly on the web solution of the Bank IN. The work presents the concept of the Bank IN, its offer and operation. The benefits represent an important factor for the customers, so all the main benefits and other advantages that the customers get when transferring their operations to the Bank IN are introduced. In the final part the security components, which offer the customers of the web banking the highest safety in operations are described.