9 results
Search Results
2. [Age, marital status, fecundity and mortality of the population of Colombia: demographic results of the National Household Survey, June 1978].
- Subjects
- Age Factors, Americas, Birth Rate, Colombia, Demography, Developing Countries, Fertility, Latin America, Longevity, Marriage, Population, Population Characteristics, Population Dynamics, Research, Sampling Studies, Sex Factors, South America, Vital Statistics, Age Distribution, Data Collection, Infant Mortality, Life Expectancy, Marital Status, Maternal Age, Mortality, Parity, Rural Population, Sex Distribution, Urban Population
- Published
- 1980
3. [An estimation of mortality in the city of Corrientes in the nineteenth century].
- Author
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Foschiatti AM and Somoza JL
- Subjects
- Age Factors, Americas, Argentina, Developed Countries, Developing Countries, Latin America, Longevity, Population, Population Characteristics, Population Dynamics, Research, Social Sciences, South America, Age Distribution, Data Collection, Demography, Life Expectancy, Mortality, Statistics as Topic
- Published
- 1985
4. [Demographic knowledge and family planning in Colombia].
- Author
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Ojeda G and Ordonez M
- Subjects
- Americas, Colombia, Demography, Developed Countries, Developing Countries, Europe, Fertility, Latin America, Longevity, Mortality, Population, Population Characteristics, Research, South America, Statistics as Topic, Age Distribution, Age Factors, Birth Rate, Forecasting, Life Expectancy, Philosophy, Population Density, Population Dynamics
- Published
- 1989
5. [Demographic discontinuities in Brazil and the state of Sao Paulo].
- Author
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Bercovich A and Madeira F
- Subjects
- Age Factors, Americas, Brazil, Developing Countries, Latin America, Population, Population Characteristics, Population Dynamics, South America, Statistics as Topic, Age Distribution, Cohort Studies, Demography, Follow-Up Studies, Forecasting, Social Change
- Abstract
"Given the importance of information on the population age structure when planning short, medium and long-term needs within the different social strata, this paper is a proposal to deepen...the study of changes in the population pyramids.... Based on the most recent methodologies a study of age discontinuities is carried out and a method of follow-up by cohorts is suggested, taking the 15-19 and 20-24 age groups as an example. The purpose is to show that, as a...cohort ascends in the age pyramid, new and different necessities arise and also different responses are demanded on the part of the social system." Data are for Brazil as a whole and for the state of Sao Paulo. (SUMMARY IN ENG), (excerpt)
- Published
- 1994
6. [Notes on estimating the age distribution of emigrant surviving children].
- Author
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Hill K
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Americas, Colombia, Demography, Developing Countries, Latin America, Longevity, Mortality, Population, Population Characteristics, Population Dynamics, Research, South America, Age Distribution, Age Factors, Child, Data Collection, Emigration and Immigration, Evaluation Studies as Topic, Models, Theoretical, Statistics as Topic, Survival Rate, Transients and Migrants
- Abstract
"A procedure is described to obtain an age distribution of emigrant surviving children from the reports of such children obtained from women by a census or survey. A simple form of the procedure, requiring a minimum of calculation, is shown to work almost as well as the more elaborate form, and is recommended for most uses. "These new procedures, explicitly introducing an age model of migration, yield age distributions which are substantially different from, and probably more realistic than those obtained through the use of model fertility and mortality schedules alone.... The age distributions of migrant children [in Colombia] as obtained in this paper are compared with those obtained by Somoza.... The procedure described here produces a total almost 10 percent higher because it shifts the age distribution of the migrant children towards higher ages with lower proportions of surviving mothers." (summary in ENG), (excerpt)
- Published
- 1981
7. Efeitos da estrutura etária nos gastos com internação no Sistema Único de Saúde: uma análise de decomposição para duas áreas metropolitanas brasileiras Population aging effects on inpatient care expenditures: a disaggregated analysis for two Brazilian metropolitan areas
- Author
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Cláudia Koeppel Berenstein and Simone Wajnman
- Subjects
Gastos em Saúde ,Distribuição por Idade ,Envelhecimento ,Hospitalização ,Health Expenditure ,Age Distribution ,Aging ,Hospitalization ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
O objetivo deste artigo é examinar a importância da composição etária da população sobre os gastos com internação hospitalar no Brasil. São utilizados dados do Sistema de Informação Hospitalar de Curitiba (Paraná) e Belém (Pará), em 2004, para separar o efeito de diferenças na composição etária sobre os gastos com internação no Sistema Único de Saúde, dos efeitos preço (diferenças nos gastos médios por idade) e taxa (diferenças na taxas de utilização por idade). Além disso, o artigo examina o papel do envelhecimento populacional sobre o efeito de composição com base nas mudanças projetadas para a estrutura etária do Brasil em 2050. Os resultados indicam que as diferenças na composição etária explicam apenas 13% das diferenças atuais dos gastos entre as duas cidades. Aproximadamente 72% das diferenças nos gastos totais devem-se ao efeito preço. No entanto, caso a taxa de utilização e o gasto médio por idade mantenham-se constantes no futuro, o envelhecimento populacional explicará mais da metade da diferença nos gastos totais com internação hospitalar, sugerindo o papel significativo da dinâmica demográfica sobre os gastos futuros com saúde no Brasil.This paper examines the impact of changes in population age distribution on inpatient care expenditures in Brazil. The authors use data from two highly distinct metropolitan areas, Curitiba (Paraná State) and Belém (Paraná State), in order to determine to what extent current differences in expenditures are explained by differences in: (i) age distributions, (ii) age-specific expenditures (price effects), and (iii) utilization rates (rate effects). The study also looks at the consequences of future changes in age distribution by simulating each of the effects (age distribution, price, and rate) under the projected population age distribution for Brazil in 2050. The results show that only 13% of current differences in health expenditures in Curitiba and Belém are explained by differences in age distribution. Most of the difference is due to price effect (72%), probably because of large socioeconomic and epidemiological discrepancies in these two metropolitan areas. However, simulations for 2050 suggest that most future changes in inpatient care will be explained by population aging effects.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
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8. Lesiones de mucosa bucal. Factores asociados en población infantil
- Author
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Celia, Linares-Vieyra, Julieta Del Carmen, Meza-Sánchez, Martha Beatriz, González-Guevara, José Francisco, Murrieta-Pruneda, Sandra Jessica, Salgado-Rodríguez, and Rosalba, Morales-Jaimes
- Subjects
Male ,Medicina ,Infant, Newborn ,Mouth Mucosa ,Infant ,Melanosis ,mucosa bucal ,Habits ,Age Distribution ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Cheilitis ,Child, Preschool ,Prevalence ,Humans ,Female ,Sex Distribution ,Child ,Mouth Diseases ,Mexico ,Oral Ulcer ,Lesiones ,Purpura ,niños ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
there are few systematic studies reporting the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in children. The reported prevalence is ranging from 4.1 % to 52.6 %, probably due to differences in methodology and population. The aim was to identify the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in children population.a cross, descriptive, retrospective study in children who attended the dental clinic San Lorenzo Atemoaya was done (January 2006-July 2009); the data was obtained from medical records. Oral mucosal lesions were recorded. Descriptive analysis and unconditional logistic regression were conducted.the sample was 367; there were 200 males (54.5 %). The median age was six years. The prevalence of oral mucosal lesions was 66.2 %. The most common lesions were cheilitis simple (41.1 %), melanotic macule (18.3 %), petechiae (16.9 %) and traumatic ulcer (12 %), without difference between sexes. The sucking lip was associated with cheilitis simple (OR 1.7, p = 0.013) and recurrent ulcers with onychophagia (OR 15.75, p = 0.026).it was observed a higher prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in children than reported in other papers. Association is confirmed between parafunctional habits and oral mucosal lesions.Introducción: la prevalencia de las lesiones de mucosa bucal en los niños varía de 4.1 a 52.6 %, debido a diferencias poblacionales y metodológicas. El objetivo fue identificar la prevalencia de dichas lesiones y su posible asociación con antecedentes patológicos y hábitos parafuncionales en una población infantil, atendida en la clínica dental San Lorenzo Atemoaya. Métodos: estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo y transversal de niños atendidos entre 2006 y 2009. Se obtuvieron las prevalencias de las lesiones y para la asociación entre variables se utilizó regresión logística no condicional. Resultados: de 1228 expedientes, 367 correspondieron a niños, 200 del sexo masculino (54.5 %). La mediana de edad fue de seis años. La prevalencia de las lesiones de la mucosa bucal fue de 66.2 %. Las lesiones más frecuentes fueron la queilitis simple (41.1 %), la mácula melanótica (18.3 %), las petequias (16.9 %) y la úlcera traumática (12 %), sin diferencias entre sexos. La succión labial se asoció con queilitis simple (RM = 1.7, p = 0.013) y onicofagia con úlceras recurrentes (RM = 15.75, p = 0.026). Conclusiones: se observó alta prevalencia de lesiones de mucosa bucal en la población infantil estudiada y se confirma la asociación con hábitos parafuncionales.
- Published
- 2013
9. Statistical studies of age – specific hiv - prevalence data
- Author
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Knolle, Helmut
- Subjects
AIDS ,umbral ,infectividad ,Infectivity ,Threshold ,riesgo de salud ,Health risk ,distribución de edad ,Branching process ,Colombia ,sida ,Age distribution ,proceso ramificado - Abstract
The infectivity function is a function giving a measure of how infectious a given individual is t time units after becoming infected. Today, no feasible and ethically acceptable study design is known, which would lead to estimates of HIV-infection probability within steady heterosexual partnerships, using standard statistical methodology. In this paper a transmission model is used as a link between the infectivity function and data sets which already exist or can be generated with standard methods and moderate expenses. This model suggests that the distribution of HIV-infections by age and sex depends on the infectivity function as well as on age-dependent patterns of sexual partner choice. Application of the model requires population based data of age-specific HIV-incidences in men and women of the general heterosexual population. At present, the only known data set suitable for this purpose is a set of HIV-test results from a sample of 8690 Colombian women in pregnancy who attended prenatal care. The prevalence of HIV was 0.33% in the group of 12-24 years, but only 0.16% in the group of 25-34 years. The model can explain this strange result. A data set of age-specific HIV-prevalences in heterosexual Colombian men would be useful, but is not known. Therefore, further research and data collecting is required in order to arrive at well founded conclusions. La función de infectividad es una función que dice qué tan infecciosa es una persona transcurrido un tiempo t después de haberse infectado. Hoy en día no se conoce ningún diseño de estudio, que sea factible y éticamente aceptable y que conduzca a estimados de la infectividad del VIH entre uniones heterosexuales estables, usando los métodos estadísticos corrientes. Por eso, aquí se utiliza un modelo de transmisión como puente entre la función de infectividad y datos que ya existen o pueden ser generados con pocos gastos. El modelo sugiere que la distribución según sexo y edad de la infección por VIH en la población heterosexual de bajo riesgo depende de la función de infectividad así como de los patrones de mezcla entre diferentes grupos de edad. La aplicación del modelo requiere datos poblacionales sobre la incidencia de la infección en los grupos de edad de hombres y mujeres heterosexuales. Actualmente el único conjunto de datos adecuado consiste en los resultados de pruebas por VIH en 8690 mujeres colombianas en embarazo que asistieron a consulta de control prenatal. La prevalencia del VIH era 0.33% en el grupo de 12-24 años, y 0.16% en el grupo de 25-34 años. El modelo puede explicar esta diferencia. Pero no existen datos sobre prevalencias del VIH en hombres heterosexuales de diferentes edades que se necesitan en este contexto. Por eso, se requieren otras investigaciones y recolecciones de datos para llegar a conclusiones seguras.
- Published
- 2006
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