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Having the South American Amazon as our spatial cut, this paper aims to discuss it as a space of physical, environmental and socioeconomic relevance to regional rearticulation, highlighting the issue of transport infrastructure and the importance of Brazil to boost this process in contemporary times. With the end of the Union of South American Nations (Unasur) in 2019, several of its councils were paralyzed and discontinued, such as the Infrastructure and Planning Council (Cosiplan), reflecting the abandonment of efforts built since the beginning of the 21st century. In addition, relations between national preferences and the indispensable search for development, and mechanisms of cooperation and regional integration, which are fundamental instruments to meet such demands, were stressed. In turn, a scenario of discredited institutions made room for greater action by multiple public and private, internal and increasingly international and multinational actors who, in a way disconnected from regional arrangements, directed infrastructure investments focusing on their own interests, resulting in expiation of the the socio-environmental vulnerability in the Amazonian territories. We argue that it is necessary to integrate to preserve and develop. Regional governance and institutionality are central pillars for the resumption of a more resilient South American integration process, aimed at protecting and developing the Amazon, in which Brazil has an important driving role to be exercised and a directive leadership to retrieve.

A despeito da profusão de estudos sobre capacidade tecnológica em nível de empresas ao longo dos últimos 30 anos, há escassez de estudos sobre similaridades e diferenças entre empresas do mesmo setor industrial, em termos de acumulação de capacidades tecnológicas e suas implicações para o aprimoramento de indicadores de performance técnico-econômica ao longo de diferentes regimes industriais, especialmente no contexto de países de industrialização recente, como é o caso do Brasil. Baseando-se em evidências de primeira mão colhidas à base de extensivos trabalhos de campo, este artigo examina essas questões em três grandes empresas de celulose e papel no Brasil (1970-2004). O estudo encontrou: (1) Diferenças inter e intraempresariais em termos da maneira e velocidade de acumulação de capacidades para funções tecnológicas específicas ao longo dos diferentes períodos; (2) Tais diferenças refletiram-se, com diferentes graus de intensidade, no aprimoramento dos indicadores de performance técnico-econômica; (3) As empresas responderam positivamente às mudanças para uma economia aberta partir dos anos 1990; (4) Porém, os aprimoramentos em seus indicadores de performance técnico-econômica não derivaram das mudanças do regime industrial per se, mas, principalmente, dos seus esforços internos para acumulação tecnológica.Despite the profusion of studies of firm-level technological capabilities studies, over the past 30 years, there is a scarcity of analyses on similarities and differences across firms, of the same industrial sector, in terms of types and levels, direction and rate of accumulation of technological capabilities and their implications for the improvement of techno-economic performance across different industrial regimes, especially in the context of late-industrializing countries, as it is the case of Brazil. Based on first-hand qualitative and quantitative empirical evidence, collected on the basis of extensive fieldwork, this article examines these issues in three large pulp and paper companies in Brazil (1970-2004). The results show that: (1) Inter and intra-firm differences across the companies in terms of the manner and speed of accumulation of capabilities for specific technical functions over different time periods; (2) Such differences were reflected on these firms' techno-economic performance improvement during the examined periods; (3) These companies responded positively to the changes into an open and outward-looking industrial regime, implemented from 1990s in Brazil; (4) However, the improvements to these firms' techno-economic performance were not derived from trade-openness per se, but, mainly, from their efforts on technological accumulation.

For Brazilian inmates, prisons are mostly spaces of rights denial, above and beyond their formal condemnations. Most, nonetheless, still enjoy some rights. This paper examines the modalities of allocation and the range of those rights. It understands citizenship as a bundle of rights whose scope and quality are determined by the terms of the bargains through which those rights are allocated. These bundles, together with the governance arrangements that define and enforce them are in turn understood as citizenship regimes. The paper examines three regimes that are common in male Brazilian prisons: one regime that is fully controlled by the state, and two that are hybrid, involving both state authorities and, in one instance, criminal organizations (factions), and in the other, chosen inmates (keyholders or chaveiros) who are vested of governance authority by prison administrators. The overall system they conform is a composite of state and non-state rights enforcement arrangements. The allocation of rights it produces is deeply unequal. And the range and quality of the rights enjoyed by the vast majority of inmates is narrow and poor. Resumen: Regímenes ciudadanos en las cárceles brasileñas: Híbridos, injustos y débiles Para los presos brasileños, las cárceles son sobre todo espacios de negación de derechos, más allá de sus condenas formales. No obstante, la mayoría sigue disfrutando de algunos derechos. Este trabajo examina las modalidades de asignación y alcance de esos derechos. Se entiende la ciudadanía como un conjunto de derechos cuyo alcance y calidad vienen determinados por los términos de los acuerdos a través de los cuales se asignan dichos derechos. Estos conjuntos, junto con los mecanismos de gobernanza que los definen y hacen cumplir, se entienden a su vez como regímenes de ciudadanía. El documento examina tres regímenes comunes en las prisiones brasileñas masculinas: un régimen totalmente controlado por el Estado y dos regímenes híbridos, en los que participan tanto las autoridades estatales como, en un caso, organizaciones delictivas (facciones) y, en el otro, reclusos elegidos (chaveiros) a los que los administradores de la prisión confieren autoridad para gobernar. El sistema global que conforman es una combinación de mecanismos estatales y no estatales de aplicación de los derechos. La asignación de derechos que produce es profundamente desigual mientras que la gama y calidad de los derechos de que disfruta la inmensa mayoría de los reclusos es limitada y deficiente.

Against the renewed international debate on the relationship between competition law and wider social and economic goals, this paper examines the underpinnings of Brazilian competition law. It describes the evolution of the law against the backdrop of the wider transformations in capitalism, and reveals how legal, political, and economic disputes – both domestically and internationally – have shaped its design and implementation. The paper argues that while the foundation of modern Brazilian competition law can be found in a progressive Constitution and in principles that guide the economic order towards the promotion of substantive justice, competition enforcement and scholarship in Brazil have been gradually decoupled from the promotion of socioeconomic rights. This insulation of Brazilian competition practice from wider socio-political concerns was deeply influenced by the epistemological assumptions and the economic methodology of the Chicago School, that have directed competition – in the US and in other jurisdictions – towards formalist notions of efficiency.

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the development of the cooperation between Brazil and Australia in science, technology and innovation (ST&I), as a unique collaboration resulting from a bottom-up strategy. Different from the cooperation approaches with other countries, with whom historical and cultural relations exist, it was built upon people-to-people linkages. Substantial partnerships between universities were fundamental to those linkages, fostering exchange programs and collaborative projects. They contributed to consolidate a critical mass among researchers, a condition expected by both countries’ governments to move forward signing an international high-level political agreement, which is currently implementing its first Joint Committee. The paper describes both countries’ institutional architecture, policy documents, agreements and exchange data, providing inputs for an exploratory analysis of their agenda and policy objectives for ST&I cooperation. It also demonstrates how people-to-people linkages can be fruitful when established in areas of common interest, such as water resources management, agriculture and tropical diseases, leading to an inevitable thickening of the ST&I cooperation. This analysis confirms the success of a bottom-up approach to ST&I cooperation in the pursuit of joint solutions for common challenges. When political will meets a strong scientific knitting and bilateral technical awareness, forthcoming results are expected to enhance strategic projects in areas of emerging importance. The expectation is to help policy makers comprehend the value of already existing partnerships, therefore stimulating innovative projects under the Brazil Australia ST&I Agreement.

What were the interests of Capital and Labor’s representative groups in the disputes for the formulation of Brazilian state policy for Mercosur during Lula’s administration (2003-2010)? Deploying from Nicos Poulantzas’ reading of the capitalist state and working with a theoretical framework for a state policy formulation analysis structured in inputs, policy, and outputs, this paper investigates the demands from São Paulo State’s Industries Federation and from the Workers Party to the Brazilian policy towards Mercosur. After the evaluation of some Mercosur policies in the considered period, this paper’s argument does not make the case of the literature’s interpretation of a post-hegemony period for regional integration in Latin America that drove Mercosur to pursue autonomy goals. Through a Brazilian class struggles lens, the economic gains of the industrial sector are more tangible than the perceived enlargement of Mercosur’s regional integration in autonomy key.

This paper discusses the deadly use of violence as a public security agenda, focusing on police lethality and military interventions. Through a literature review to understanding concepts – such as “war,” for example – used in public security policy agendas, the study seeks to frame the notion of political violence, mainly referring to the policies designed to combat violence in Brazil. The objective is to problematize the public security policy based on the idea of confrontation, which adopts the logic of war and the notion of “enemy”. The paper is divided into three parts. The first is a conceptual approach to violence and war, and the second is the analysis of the dynamic of deadly use of force. Finally, the third part is a contextual analysis of violence in Rio de Janeiro, its characteristics, and central actors, using official statistics on violence in the region. Este artículo se ocupa del uso letal de la violencia como parte de los programas de seguridad pública. Nos centramos en la letalidad policial y las intervenciones militares. A través de un repaso de la literatura para entender algunos conceptos -por ejemplo, “guerra”- utilizados en los programas de políticas de seguridad pública, pretendemos enmarcar la noción de violencia política, refiriéndonos principalmente a las políticas diseñadas para combatir la violencia en Brasil. El objetivo es problematizar la política de seguridad pública basada en la idea de confrontación, la cual adopta la lógica de la guerra y la noción de un “enemigo”. El artículo se divide en tres partes: la primera es un acercamiento conceptual a la violencia y la guerra, y la segunda es el análisis de la dinámica del uso letal de la fuerza. Finalmente, la tercera parte es un análisis contextual de la violencia en Río de Janeiro, sus características y sus actores principales, utilizando estadísticas oficiales de la violencia en la región. Available from: https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl/0000-0000-0000-1181

This paper discusses the senses and meanings attributed to physical culture, its conceptions, functions, and role within nineteenth-century Brazil’s educational system. By focusing on diverse kinds of schools as spaces of reference for children and adolescents and the efforts to shape their bodies, this work analyzes the importance of youth for national projects and how educators tried to represent young ideal bodies in school curricula as they made the transition from infancy to adulthood. It also shows how the body is a complex web of ideas and representations, a territory fought over within state institutional spaces. By understanding the “new behaviors” that the modern state wished to promote, the present paper focuses on how physical education shaped health and hygiene conditions through bodily exercises and the pivotal role played by schools within the strategy to transform young students into healthy, strong, disciplined citizens ready to serve the nation.

This paper seeks to explain the origin and content of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Going Digital project, its structure and main results. In particular, the paper seeks to present how Brazil performs in relation to the discussions raised by the project, based on the recently published study Going Digital in Brazil. To this end, it compares the performance of the country and the OECD member States in terms of access, use, innovation, employment, society, trust and market openness, which constitute the seven pillars of the Going Digital project. The paper points out the progress already made by the country in some areas, such as digital government, but it also draws attention to the challenges that still exist, such as in the areas of education and professional training for the digital world. Given the impact of digital transformation on contemporary life, when describing the Going Digital project, the paper offers an overview of the main discussions currently underway at the OECD, as well as the dynamics of the organization.

Abstract Based on the policy document analysis method and a conceptual framework derived from Science and Technology Studies, this paper analyses the construction of institutionally legitimated forms of discursive limitation of energy governance in Brazil. The paper analyzes a subset of selected vital policy documents produced by regulatory bodies such as the National Energy Agency (ANEEL) and the Energy Research Office (EPE). As an insight for further research on the governance of energy policy, the paper’s contribution to the debate is to bring to the fore the relevance of recasting the whole process of regulation of distributed energy in terms of an attempt to build a narrative of control over socio-technical innovation with the potential to democratize access to and use of energy services. This policy narrative’s unspoken goal is to retain control of the Brazilian energy transition at the central level.

Abstract This paper parallels the changes experienced by universities and science at the beginning of the new century in order to explore one relevant source of resilience and change inside the universities’ institutional fabric, which is its persistent dependence on the signs and norms produced by science as a nested institution. In no small degree, science is organized according to its norms and values. Notwithstanding, it de facto exists inside the institutional environment created by the university. As such, one could argue that it is a nested institution. Our argument holds that the interplay between the institutional norms coming from the university and science gives rise to one of the more relevant sources of resilience of universities. The paper explores the soundness of these assumptions on primary data collected in a research focusing on the responses of lower-level academic unit leaders in two universities: the University of Tampere, Finland, and the University of São Paulo, Brazil. In each case, we explore the local responses to the changes engendered by autonomy as a proxy of the substantial change in the university's environment, to map how the small academic units respond to a quickly changing external environment.

This paper describes the trajectory of an inquiry about rural communities in Brazil that was simultaneously an inquiry about the “research-practice gap”. The journey begins in 2014, when the authors carried out an experimental qualitative research project about sustainability in rural communities. Within the field of public policy research, an interdisciplinary team visited six ecovillages and six settlements created by Brazilian agrarian reform (assentamentos) and gathered multimedia data through interviews, pictures, observations and documents. These were then analyzed using a constructivist approach. As outputs, besides the usual PDF, the project produced artifacts focused on reaching audiences outside academia. It also resulted in the creation of OndaPolitica, a start-up centered on experience design that translated some of the insights into experiments. In this paper, we narrate the first long phase of our journey (from 2014 to 2015) and explore how an academic research project designed to go “beyond a PDF” opened up possibilities to further understand connections between rural and urban spaces.

The aim of this paper is to understand the normative prescription and experimental secondary school implantations in Brazil in the late 1950s, and the developments in the decade that followed. Thus, attempts to shed light on the political and educational conditions that enabled the Ministry of Education and Culture to bring in legislation that allowed the implementation of the so-called experimental secondary-school classes. This paper also focuses on the pedagogical practices in these experimental classes, taking into account that most of them were appropriated from French pedagogical models – the classes nouvelles in public schools and personalized and communitarian pedagogy in Catholic schools. It uses the circulation and appropriation concepts, understood from the perspective of the historian Roger Chartier, who considers that cultural goods circulate and are used in different ways, so that the reception is held with creativity through resistance, resignification and arrangements. This historiographical perspective is adopted in the educational field to acquire the pedagogical circulation and appropriation model operations. This documental corpus of this historical investigation is made up of written documents from French educational institutions – the Centre International d`Études Pédagogiques, located in Sèvres, and the Centre d`Études Pédagogiques de Paris – and the archives of university institutions and Brazilian school collections. This paper analyses the Ministry of Education’s legislation on the experimental classes (1958) and the uses of French pedagogical models in the public system and Catholic schools.

Abstract The paper addresses, based on international and national bibliographic research, the concept of first-generation student (F-Gen) and his/her characteristics as it applies to the Brazilian context. It takes into account the results of Enade (Exame Nacional de Desempenho dos Estudantes) (2015, 2016, 2017) on the profile of the student, providing some indicators about diversity in Higher Education access by examining degree completion of first-generation college student (F-Gen) while contrasting it with that of continuing college students (C-Gen). The paper concludes discussing the complexity of the concept of being first generation, while suggesting ways how it can be used in assessing college participation in higher education.

This paper proposes that conducting binational and international comparisons in journalism studies could be a fundamental element towards stimulating collaborative relations between Belgian, Brazilian and French universities. There are three major points developed in this paper: the question of comparability in international studies; the dynamics of the theoretical framework and the methodological choices; and the creation of binational or trinational research groups that, when working together, could in fact enrich the national and comparative perspectives of journalism study. Lastly, this paper reinforces the political and scientific importance of opening up research and research practices on a national level. Este artigo propõe considerar que conduzir comparações internacionais binacionais nos estudos de jornalismo poderia se constituir em fator fundamental de ativação das relações de cooperação entre universidades belgas, brasileiras e francesas. Nesse sentido, este texto desenvolve três pontos: o primeiro retoma a questão da comparabilidade nos estudos internacionais; o segundo detalha as dinâmicas ligadas ao enquadramento teórico e às escolhas metodológicas e propõe a criação de binômios de pesquisa bi ou trinacionais que, trabalhando de forma concertada, poderiam de fato enriquecer as perspectivas nacionais e comparativas de estudo em jornalismo. Finalmente, este texto reforça a importância política e científica da abertura nacional da pesquisa e das práticas dos pesquisadores. Este artículo propone considerar que realizar comparaciones internacionales binacionales en estudios de periodismo podría ser un factor fundamental para activar las relaciones de cooperación entre las universidades belgas, brasileñas y francesas. En este sentido, este texto desarrolla tres puntos: el primero aborda la cuestión de la comparabilidad en estudios internacionales; el segundo detalla la dinámica vinculada al marco teórico y las escuelas metodológicas y propone la creación de binomios de investigación bi o trinacionales que, trabajando en conjunto, podrían enriquecer las perspectivas nacionales y comparativas del estudio del periodismo. Finalmente, este texto refuerza la importancia política y científica de la apertura nacional de la investigación y las prácticas de los investigadores.

Abstract In this paper, we discuss the historical process involved in the construction of the Brazilian national identity, based on the racialization of the black experience, an element still present in the Brazilian identity formation process. Despite the processes of dehumanization endured by black people, they can and must be portrayed in educational spaces for their resistance and fight in order to escape from the zone of non-being and ontological erasure caused by modernity. The paper is organized in three general topics: a) racism, education and the national question in Brazil; b) the processes of racialization of black subjects; and c) black resistance and black agency as a way to construct new narratives in the field of education.

Purpose – In ongoing service sectors, some companies have high customer retention in spite of frequent consumer dissatisfaction and high complaint rates. This retention results from customer inertia. This paper aims to identify what influences this inertial behavior. Design/methodology/approach – Two competing conceptual models were conceived: a Base Model, which considers mediating effects, and a Rival Model, which considers only the direct effects on customer inertia. A survey was undertaken in Brazil. Mobile phone customers were targeted. A questionnaire was built and data were collected online as well as in person. Structural equation modeling was applied. Findings – Only direct effects on customer inertia were confirmed. The Rival Model outperformed the Base Model on a set of criteria (e.g., greater explanatory power for Customer Inertia and more simplicity). The Rival Model offers a moderate explanation (R̅2 =0.370), some sound structural path coefficients, and appropriate psychometric properties for the latent constructs. Originality/value – The paper complements and adds to existing research by evaluating customer inertia as an important outcome within ongoing service markets. Market isomorphism, a new concept, is included in the analysis. Results from a developing country are described, helping to generalize to a broader set of countries.

Trilateral South-South Cooperation (TSSC) for development has generated great debate over whether these alliances constitute a new paradigm for development or merely disguise a new form of imperialism. Beyond categorisations, this paper presents a more nuanced image and examines the focus of TSSC solidarity, specifically, the intrinsically political nature of development and the unequal power relations at its heart. Starting with the TSSC memorandum of understanding (MoU) between Brazil, Mozambique and the World Bank, the narratives are analysed of agricultural development and the social imaginaries that support it in order to better understand the patterns and motivations of solidarity. By showing the colonial, capitalist and patriarchal rationale that persists in the conception of solidarity used in the current development framework, this paper proposes the decolonisation of this concept.

ABSTRACT This article analyzes the role of inheritance and donation on the distribution of wealth and income in Brazil and the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Although several scholars coming from branches of Social Sciences have already scrutinized the influence that slavery and colonial exploitation had - and still have - in the Brazil’s development, no work in the economic literature has thus far attempted to estimate Brazil’s current inheritance stock in monetary terms. With this in mind, this paper has three specific goals: i) to estimate, in accordance with an original framework, the inheritance stock of Brazil (and Rio Grande do Sul) and their flow with respect to national income and household disposable income; ii) to measure potential revenue through the application of a more progressive taxation of inheritance and donations based on inheritance stock estimates and iii) to simulate the distributional effect of reallocating these new fiscal resources. It is important to note, however, that the simulations presented in this paper are static exercises, and do not intend to capture general equilibrium or behavioral effects.

There is a dearth of research on Holocaust survivors who immigrated to Brazil before, during, and after World War II. Also missing is a comprehensive analysis of how former Nazis escaped to the country after the War. This “co-existence” of Jewish survivors and Nazis within the same geographical location at the same time is a topic of great complexity, which I explore in this paper. In the first section of this paper, I will briefly address Brazil’s political history, while at the same time, its identity as an immigrant country, with a historically multi-ethnic cultural and demographic make-up, by analyzing the census data available. To explore how Jews negotiated their new position as survivors, immigrants, and members of a minority group who, while lived with the possibility of coexisting with war criminals, in section two, I analyze the memoirs of Aleksander Laks and Sabina Kustin, who, in different ways, transferred their fears from the old world to their new realities, due to imagined or real Nazi presence, which afflicted their existence and identity as Jews in Brazil. In the last section, I address the question of Nazi presence in Brazil. Using newspaper articles and governmental documentation, I highlight strategies used by war criminals such as Herbert Cukurs and Gustav Franz Wagner, to live freely in Brazil, and evade justice.

Abstract Fertility transition occurred in a short period of time in Brazilian the absence of family planning programs, and most noticeable, in a context of illegality in the provision of means of fertility self-regulation. These events did not happen without consequences. Based in the literature and facts registered during that time, the paper first discusses how the resistance to the implementation of family planning programs from the 1960s to the 1980s have contributed to the unbalanced contraceptive method mix in the 1990’s. Secondly, the paper will discuss problems around contraceptive data collection in the National Health Survey, and, performing an adjustment of the data, we analyze trends in the use of contraceptive methods from 1986 to 2013, showing that method mix continues to be very concentrated in the same two methods, an even more outdated scheme, with the daily pill exchanging first place with female sterilization. Finally, the paper discusses some fertility characteristics associated with the outdated contraceptive mix, still prevailing at the end of fertility transition, arguing that this could be avoided or minimized if policies and laws are based in reproductive rights of all people only.

The insights shared in this paper are based on research conducted in Greece and Brazil It is centered around the exploration of activist knowledge as a distinct form of knowledge. In doing this, it discusses the role of reflection in acquiring critical consciousness as well as the unified and holistic character of activist knowledge. This unity entails the intertwining of action with reflection and action with theory. It shows how critique forms a key feature of activist knowledge and highlights some nuances, tensions and contradictions inherent in the knowledge production of this kind. The latter is shown to be underpinned by plural dialogical processes, which further challenge and enrich knowledge produced in social movements. The paper aims to feedback insights from theory into praxis and vice versa. To achieve its aims, it approaches learning as an ongoing part of the quest for meaning and the quest of meaning as an integral part of acting.

In recent decades, the emergence of new information and communication technologies has broadened the remit of bibliometric analysis. Bibliometrics are now used not only to assess products of scholarly communication such as articles or monographs, but to examine technology-related content such as web portals, repositories of technical publications or documents in social networks, which are studied with the help of web analytics and altmetrics. This paper examines the implications of this trend for the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), whose criteria for assessing institutional performance have been extended in recent years to include the number of citations of scientific articles and downloads of the technical publications made available at the corporation's web portal. As the paper shows, Embrapa's 42 research centres do not all follow the same pattern in the production of scientific articles and citations, on the one hand, and of technical documents on the other (measured by downloads of manuals, bulletins and other publications). For this reason, Embrapa is beginning to tailor its system of performance assessment to the particularities of each centre, whether these involve the way the centre produces knowledge and technology or how it channels scholarly communication. The paper concludes that the development of suitable bibliometric indicators for managing centres dedicated to research and education requires a broad view of the centres themselves and can take on board such varied factors as institutional agreements, information flows and the ways in which science and society influence each other.

This paper aims to discuss, in the light of the Brazilian economy experience, the phenomenon of currency war in recent years. The paper’s hypothesis is that the major trading partners of the country artificially devalued their currencies to attenuate the eRects of the subprime crisis. For this purpose, the method of Vec- tor Autoregression (VAR) was used to test the hypothesis. The results showed that this policy was used by the United States and also by the European Union in recent years. Moreover, the theory of international relations points the way out of this particular question, namely, that countries should cooperate to have advantages in international trade, otherwise trade relations will be significantly reduced.

Abstract This paper examines the behaviour of credit rating agencies (CRAs) during the ebbing ‘pink tide’. It claims that the actions of S&P Global, Moody’s and Fitch contributed to dismantling left-wing regimes in Latin America, to the benefit of their right-wing competitors. The methodology draws on case studies of Brazil and Argentina, where the governments of Dilma Rousseff and Cristina Fernández de Kirchner were replaced by those of Michel Temer and Mauricio Macri, respectively. The research is based on sovereign ratings, reports and press releases the agencies issued during those transitions, which are analysed in the light of critical theories of their modus operandi and confronted with the political processes unfolding in both countries. This allows us to draw conclusions that are consistent with the presented argument, thereby contributing to advance the research agenda around the CRAs and to shed light on Brazil and Argentina’s recent critical presidential transitions.

Discussions on the energy transition (ET) in the Brazilian electricity sector (sistema elétrico brasileiro – SEB) have often considered the insertion of natural gas (NG) thermoelectric plants (TPPs) as a solution to energy security. The SEB has a high penetration of renewable sources (84%). Its decarbonization is a mechanism that can contribute to Brazil’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction targets and help mitigate the impacts of climate change by increasing the share of renewable sources. With this in mind, the aim of this paper is to analyse the requirement to contract 8,000 MW of new NG-fired thermal power plants – thermal-jabutis – based on Eletrobras’ privatization law No. 14,182/2021 and its impact on the SEB. Methodologically, two guiding questions are used: i) does the SEB need new NG TPPs?;and ii) what are the impacts of implementing the new NG TPPs provided for in the Eletrobras privatization law?The results show that the compulsory contracting of NG TPPs in Brazil will result in: i) additional infrastructure costs for transporting NG to the TPPs; ii) a 40% increase in the SEB’s annual GHG emissions; and iii) an increase in the demand for water resources, due to the consumption of water to operate the TPPs. On the other hand, in order to guarantee the increase in energy demand and the energy security of the SEB in the long term, the expansion of transmission networks and solar and wind generation are required as the most economical means of reducing GHG emissions from the electricity sector. It is necessary to guarantee the protection of biodiversity, the rights of communities affected by the implementation of these projects and the coordinated operation of these new plants with the Brazilian hydroelectric park, in order to guarantee the storage of energy in the form of water for periods of water scarcity and load control. Finally, we conclude that: i) it is essential to consider not only GHG emissions, but also environmental and social impacts when evaluating the expansion of power generation in Brazil; ii) the implementation of NG TPPs is a contradiction to the Brazilian TE, as it increases environmental impacts, the price of the energy tariff, delays the achievement of the decarbonization goals of the SEB and the 2030 Agenda; and iii) it goes against the scientific evidence, widely disseminated nationally and internationally, which recommends expanding the Brazilian supply of electricity from solar and wind sources. Therefore, the SEB does not need inflexible fossil TPPs.

ABSTRACT This paper presents a solid normative approach in military ethics, which justifies the rule of law in a constitutional regime capable of fixing the proper role of the Armed Forces in Brazil. Deploying this ethical framework, it analyzes the relevant literature, especially authors who defend civilian supremacy for the good functioning of a democratic society. Afterwards, some models of civil-military relations are introduced to establish the parameters and indicators of proper democratic consolidation. These parameters are applied to recent events, revealing that Brazil is regressing in its civilian control over the military. Finally, some practical proposals for reversing this tendency are put forward in pursuit of a fully democratic regime in Brazil.

Abstract This paper delves into Brazil’s attempt to mediate global conflicts to enhance its international status, focusing on the case of the Tehran Declaration. Drawing on interviews with the foreign policy community of the United Nations Security Council’s permanent members (P5), the study underscores the perception of major powers regarding Brazil’s mediation attempts. The findings suggest that while Brazil’s mediation could enhance its prestige, it is viewed as lacking significant influence in high-stake global security conflicts. The Tehran deal episode exemplifies Brazil’s overextension. These perceptions may provide lessons for the Brazilian attempt to mediate the war in Ukraine.

Most of the scholarship programs come from developed countries. However, more recently the literature has analyzed international scholarship programs in developing countries, such as the case of Brazil’s PEC-PG and PEC-G. In this paper we aim at answering a simple yet important question: how have PEC-PG and PEC-G been affecting international students and researchers’ perception about Brazil? Therefore, the main objective of this research is to verify the impact of PEC-PG and PEC-G (independent variable) on the perception of foreign students (dependent variable). We conducted a survey by sending an invitation to the e-mail to 65,493 students and professors through SurveyMonkey. We aim at contributing to the literature by measuring how effective these programs have been in boosting Brazil’s image abroad. Taking into account that PECs are a consistent Brazilian program dating back to 1960’s, we expected to find international students’ positive views regarding Brazil. Students and researchers’ positive views would be the expected result of a successful scientific diplomacy policy. We consider that international scholarship programs are scientific diplomacy’s tools, in other words, ways of exercising power through the influence on perception. Our results, however, showed that the majority of respondents have a negative image of Brazil.

This paper focuses on how Brazil designed and put into force a legal instrument that makes companies strictly liable for domestic and international acts of corruption and highlights the role of external drivers during a 15-year process. It also introduces the concept of ‘convenient accountability’ which suggests that Brazil has adopted the slowest and cheaper methods in order to see to demands of those who want and do not want greater accountability in the case of the new clean company act (Law 12846/2013); also dubbed as ‘anti-corruption law’. Despite the apparent force of the civil society in this case of ‘pressure from below’, until now, no company has been punished under Law 12846/2013. An already over-whelmed anti-corruption agency was chosen to enforce the new legislation in the federal and international spheres against companies, some of them being traditional campaign financers and governmental contractors. Hence, it still remains uncertain whether Brazil will effectively enforce its anti-corruption law that, on paper, even exceeds international requirements.

State and international entities can have profound effects on the development of a country’s nursing profession. Through a global health governance lens, this paper explores the development of nursing in Brazil during the early twentieth century, and its intersections with national and international interests. Accordingly, we will show how state policies established an environment that fostered the institutionalization of nursing as a profession in Brazil and supported it as a means to increase the presence of females in nation building processes. The State focused on recruiting elite women for nursing, in part due to the Rockefeller Foundation’s involvement in the country. Nurses who worked for Rockefeller came from well-educated classes within US society with specific ideas about who should be a nurse and the roles of nurses in a healthcare system. These women served as the primary vehicles for interacting with Brazilian health authorities responsible for health system development. Their early efforts did not, however, ensure a system capable of producing nursing human resources at a rate that, in present day Brazil, could meet the health needs of the country. Findings from this paper offer new avenues for historians to explore the early roots of professional nursing through a global health governance lens, improve the understanding of the intersection between international politics and professionalization, and highlight how these factors may impact nursing human resources production in the long term.

This paper compares a federal country, Brazil, and a centralist one, Colombia, both of which, at a given point in time, enacted a recentralization of resources despite the differences in their economies. The hypothesis is that similarities in expenditure autonomy of their intermediate-level governments are a consequence of changes in that direction enacted with the new Constitutions, dating back from 1991 in Colombia and from 1988 in Brazil. To test such hypothesis the paper first shows the differences in economic conditions during the 1990s in both countries after the Constitutional changes; subsequently, it shows how the previous developments within the realm of intergovernmental relations are very similar from the political point of view, allowing to understand how the loss of expenditure autonomy of intermediate-level governments during the 1990s took place. Finally, it concludes that the different economic realities of both national economies as well as those of intermediate-level governments, were subordinated to political priorities deriving from long-term processes. Debt allowed for the recentralization in both countries because of the use it was subject to.

The cooperation between Brazil and China dates from 1980 and is inserted in the South-South cooperation scope. However, the literature observes a transformation of this cooperative modality in the crisis of international relations – as evidenced by the impact of covid-19 pandemic – and the domestic challenges faced by developing countries. This raises the question of whether there is increasingly a gray area between South-South and North-South cooperation, and whether there is any likelihood of a reversal of this low cooperative profile between states. In this context, the paper seeks to analyze Brazil-China cooperation in science, technology and innovation (STI), observing the nuances of the previous and subsequent period of the covid-19 pandemic. Has there been a reduction in this cooperation in the contemporary scenario? How has the pandemic impacted this process? To answer these questions, this research is based on a bibliographic and documental review, as well as official websites of the cooperative initiatives and the Brazilian organizations involved in the bilateral interaction. We conclude that the biggest leaps in bilateral STI relations occurred at the end of the first decade of the 21st century and at the beginning of the second, with a subsequent reduction in cooperative intensity, although relations remained active. Furthermore, we note a transition in strategic terms and that, during the pandemic, new bonds were established, as well as dialogues for the renewal of the existing cooperation. Under the current administration of President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, recent international acts have been signed and there has been a strengthening of the partnership, especially in the space area, demonstrating a boost in South-South cooperation in STI between Brazil and China.

The objectives of this paper are to interpret the ongoing economic disintegration process in South America between 2015 and 2022 and to consider the possibilities of resuming integration efforts after 2023, under a new political scenario. In particular, we will adress three characteristics of the selected period: the paralysis of economic activity in Brazil; the emergence of fragmenting political initiatives, promoted or accompanied by Brazil; and the reduction of economic interdependence between Brazil and its neighbors. These negative circumstances were followed by the growing Chinese presence in the region. In addition to the introduction and the final considerations, the article is divided into five parts: Brazil as the locomotive of integration, between 2003 and 2014; the paralysis of the Brazilian economy post-2015; the abandonment of the Brazilian leadership post-2016; the declining regional trade interdependence; and the possibilities to resume the path of integration in 2023.

Despite of the central role the Internet plays in cyberspace-related matters, it was only when Edward Snowden brought light to American-led digital espionage programs that Internet governance and cybersecurity agendas definitely converged. The Snowden Affairs increased the entropy within the broader Internet ecosystem and reignited political tensions that revolve around the US prominence within the narrower arena of critical Internet resources management. In this context, many countries have shown great concern regarding the governance of the Internet, and Brazil has gained a prominent role in the debate. This paper (a) summarizes the concerns arisen from Snowden's leaks and their general impacts over the Internet governance ecosystem; (b) tracks the policy actions undertaken by Brazil in the issue-area of Internet governance both before and after Snowden; and (c) details how Brazil seized the Snowden Affair as an opportunity to promote its broader political agenda internationally, fostering a more democratic and pluralistic Internet governance worldwide. In the end, the paper reflects upon the prospects for change in global Internet governance after the US government announced its intention to relinquish its privileged position vis-a-vis critical Internet resources.

ABSTRACT Objective: DATASUS is the Brazilian Public Unified Health System (SUS) department responsible for providing health data that are used as a primary source of data in several studies on surgery and surgical specialties although its main limitations have not been previously reviewed. The objective of this work is to synthesize information from studies on surgery that used DATASUS systems as a data source and to identify the main gaps in this platform. Methods: a scoping review was conducted according to the PRISMA-ScR method to identify papers on surgery, and other surgical specialties, that used the DATASUS platform as a primary data source. No restrictions were imposed regarding the type of study or year of publication. Grounded Theory was used to analyze the content of the articles. Results: 248 works were initially analyzed and 47 were included in the final analysis of this study. The original articles included were published between 2009 and 2022 and the majority (12.76%, n=6) were published in the Journal of the Brazilian College of Surgeons. Retrospective studies (40.43%, n=19) were the most common type of study found. Content analysis of the articles identified four predominant domains in the scientific literature about the limitations of using DATASUS in surgical research: lack of data, reliability, precision and data integration. Conclusion: the information systems available in DATASUS are the largest source of information about the SUS, but the scientific literature on the quality of data available in these systems remains scarce and studies aimed at measuring this metric are necessary.

This paper discusses Brazil's strategic position in multilateral development banks. Considering the emergence of two major geopolitical poles in the 21st century, expressed in the Sino-American rivalry, and the importance of multilateralism in this context, it is argued that Brazil is well positioned in three spaces: whether in institutions traditionally led by the United States; in the new banks of China's emerging leadership; or in exclusively Latin American ones. Due to its presence in these three spheres, both as a relevant shareholder and a strong borrower, Brazil has great capacity to play a constructive role in these institutions, proactively cooperating in the three spaces to make strategic use of these instruments to support its development. Finally, it is proposed to reinforce the Brazilian contribution to multilateralism through working on: i) governance coordination; ii) consider new capital contributions; and iii) contribute to funds managed by multilateral banks to support development agendas.

The programming of cultural events (literary festivals) in the cities of Vale do Paraíba (São Paulo, Brazil) often includes the participation of local literary authors. Thus, this paper intents to analyse how the participant fiction authors and poets articulate their creative process to these events. The main objective is to understand if and how the participation in these events impacts the fictional and poetic creation, the entry into the publishing circuit and the possibility of reaching and dialoguing with more readers. To understand this cultural phenomenon, the research is guided by the theoretical conceptions of Candido (2000) and Even-Zohar (2013), about literary systems, and Schollhammer (2009), about contemporary literature. The results reveal that these events represent for the authors the possibility to divulge their works and have contact with the readers, although they express that the creative process is not always impacted by contact with the public.

Abstract This paper addresses the effects of the new general law on independent agencies in Brazil. This regulatory reform sought to increase transparency and accountability, strengthen ex-ante evaluation, and improve decision-making. The research objective was to evaluate the possible organizational and institutional consequences of these changes. The study compared data collected from key actors in the 11 agencies referring to the period before the law with the regulatory scenario one year after the law was enacted. The results allow an unprecedented panoramic view of the agencies’ instruments under the inspiration of better regulation, and the new scenario can positively impact these structures’ credibility and trust. The study indicates an advance in the Brazilian regulatory governance model and opens space for future research.

Este artigo se dedica a levantar hipóteses sobre a responsabilidade social empresarial no Brasil. Para tanto, vale-se de duas vertentes distintas da literatura sobre comportamento das empresas, uma que procura definir os fatores, não apenas estratégicos, mas também institucionais, da responsabilidade social empresarial, e outra, conhecida como abordagem das “variedades de capitalismo”, que se empenha em descrever o impacto das diferentes instituições (normas e práticas) características do capitalismo de cada país sobre a atuação das empresas. Foram elaboradas, como resultado, seis hipóteses sobre a conduta socialmente responsável das empresas no Brasil.Abstract: The paper raises hypotheses regarding corporate social responsibility in Brazil. It draws on two distinct branches of the literature concerning the behavior of firms, one that seeks to determine both the strategic and institutional factors conditioning firms’ social performance and other, known as the “varieties of capitalism” approach, describing the impact of different institutions (norms and practices) featured by national capitalisms on firms’ strategies. As a result, six hypotheses about the social performance of enterprises in Brasil are formulated. Abstract: The paper raises hypotheses regarding corporate social responsibility in Brazil. It draws on two distinct branches of the literature concerning the behavior of firms, one that seeks to determine both the strategic and institutional factors conditioning firms’ social performance and other, known as the “varieties of capitalism” approach, describing the impact of different institutions (norms and practices) featured by national capitalisms on firms’ strategies. As a result, six hypotheses about the social performance of enterprises in Brasil are formulated.

Both, in Europe and Latin America, SMEs are the most important source of job creation and development in increasingly knowledge based and turbulent economies. To sustain competiveness SMEs have to overcome the challenges of growth in ever more competitive markets. This requires to develop “dynamic capabilities” to integrate new knowledge, technology and competencies for qualitative and ustainable growth. Based on an analysis of selected challenges of growth, this paper presents the methodology 'Learning to Grow', which has been successfully implemented in German SMEs and is being transferred to Brazil. The first results of its application in Santa Catarina State are reported in this paper. The research is part of an ongoing research project funded by the European Union “Sustainable competitiveness of SMEs in turbulent economic and social environments” carried-out by Engineering and Knowledge Management Program (EGC) in the Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - Brazil, Universidad Nacional de Rosario - Argentina, Universidad Autónoma deMadrid - Spain and Wiesbaden Business School - Germany.

In this paper, we investigated whether import quality affects wages paid by sectors facing import competition in Brazil from 1997 to 2016. First, we estimated a fixed effects model and, then, an unconditional quantile regression. We found that the quality of imports positively impacts Brazilian wages and that import quality affects wage bands differently in Brazil. In addition, we determined that the quality of imports originated in poorer economies has a slightly greater effect on wages in respect of richer countries. We concluded that, to fight international competition, local firms might improve product quality by hiring skilled workers, who earn more, and that the raise in the wage bill varies depending on the exporter income

Resumo Objetivo: O objetivo da pesquisa é analisar se a autoeficácia e as características empreendedoras (por exemplo, tomada de risco, planejamento, reconhecimento de oportunidade, persistência, sociabilidade, inovação e liderança) diferem na explicação dos modelos de intenção empreendedora, tendo a educação empreendedora como moderadora dos relacionamentos. Originalidade/valor: O estudo oferece uma perspectiva aprofundada sobre quais características comportamentais se encaixam melhor em modelos de intenção de empreendedorismo e auxilia a preencher uma lacuna teórica e prática sobre a necessidade de a educação universitária aumentar seu impacto positivo sobre o capital humano, particularmente nas habilidades profissionais dos alunos, demonstrando quais características são mais impactadas pela educação empreendedora. Design/metodologia/abordagem: Foi utilizada metodologia quantitativa e os dados foram analisados com modelagem de equações estruturais. A amostra foi composta por 1.004 universitários brasileiros, de universidades públicas e privadas. A pesquisa foi realizada de forma não probabilística e com amostra de conveniência. Para abordar as hipóteses e objetivos da pesquisa, todos os construtos foram adaptados da literatura de empreendedorismo. Resultados: Os resultados indicam que pode ser mais adequado utilizar um conjunto de características empreendedoras ao investigar um modelo de intenção empreendedora, quando se busca um fator explicativo superior e um modelo mais robusto; além disso, as características empreendedoras representam um modelo mais sensível, que traz avaliações precisas sobre os fatores que afetam a intenção empreendedora. Com esses resultados, a educação empreendedora pode ser planejada para moldar determinadas características, por meio de ações no ambiente universitário, sendo possível medir o impacto da educação na intenção empreendedora. / Abstract Purpose: The purpose of this research is to analyze whether self-efficacy and entrepreneurial characteristics (e.g., risk-taking, planning, opportunity recognition, persistence, sociability, innovation, and leadership) differ in the explanation of entrepreneurial intention models, having entrepreneurial education as a moderator of relationships. Originality/value: This paper offers an in-depth perspective on which behavioral characteristics fit best into entrepreneurial intention models and helps to fill a theoretical and practical gap on the need for university education to increase its positive impact on human capital, particularly on students’ professional skills, demonstrating which characteristics are most impacted by entrepreneurial education. Design/methodology/approach: Quantitative methodology was employed, and data were analyzed with structural equation modeling. The sample consisted of 1,004 Brazilian university students from public and private universities. The research was conducted in a non-probabilistic way and with a convenience sample. In order to address the research hypothesis and objectives, all constructs were adapted from relevant literature on entrepreneurship. Findings: The results indicate it seems more appropriate to use a set of entrepreneurial characteristics when investigating an entrepreneurial intention model if you are looking for a higher explanatory factor and a more robust model; also, entrepreneurial characteristics represent a more sensitive model, which brings accurate assessments on factors that affect entrepreneurial intention. With these findings, entrepreneurial education can be planned to shape certain characteristics through actions in the university environment, making it possible to measure the impact of education on entrepreneurial intention.

This paper considers the dialectic of territorialization at play between the Brazilian state and traditional peoples (ribeirinhos) in Amazonia through Nick Clare, Victoria Habermehl, and Liz Mason-Deese’s (2018) theorization of poder and potencia. The interplay between poder and potencia becomes evident throughout the modern history of Brazilian development initiatives, interventions by capital, and social movements organized by traditional peoples. Territories of poder and potenica in the Brazilian Amazon draw from this history of dialectic territorializations which finds contemporary form in knowledge discourses and resource politics. The poder of the Brazilian state and extractive corporations utilizes both overwhelming scale and personal confrontations to facilitate resource requisitions. The potencia promised by traditional territories—reciprocal socioecologies connected to Amazonian ecosystems—suggests power derived from overlapping territorialities between humans and nonhumans. Through interviews and counter-mapping with the São Francisco community, we demonstrate that the place-based lifeways (“modo da vida”) of the community also sustain prefigurative potential for a territory that exceeds the logics of the state and capital.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a contribuição cientifica de cirurgiões da coluna brasileiros não somente em número de publicações, mas também em relação à qualidade entre Janeiro de 2000 e Dezembro de 2011. MÉTODOS: Uma pesquisa das publicações de cirurgiões da coluna brasileiros em relação à coluna ou medula espinhal foi realizada utilizando uma base de dados online; Pubmed.gov. Os resultados foram limitados para artigos publicados entre Janeiro de 2000 e Dezembro de 2011. Um total de 1.778 artigos foram encontrados após a pesquisa no Medline. Após critérios de exclusão, 206 foram selecionados. A qualidade dos periódicos foi medida através do Fator de Impacto (FI), e do Qualis CAPES e a qualidade do artigo pela classificação de Oxford. RESULTADOS: Um aumento no número de publicações de cirurgiões da coluna brasileiros foi observado. 45,1% das publicações foram nos últimos 4 anos (2008 - 2011). Estudos clínicos e relatos de caso foram os tipos de artigos mais frequentemente publicados (37,5% vs 31,1%). Um aumento no número de publicações brasileiras em periódicos não-brasileiros foi observado nos últimos anos (linear-by-linear association: 5.449, P = 0.020). A publicação Arquivos de Neuro-psiquiatria foi o periódico em que os artigos foram mais frequentemente publicados (n=67, 32%). O FI das publicações variou de 0.021 a 8.017. A análise da qualidade das publicações demonstrou que a maioria delas forneceu NE 4 (N = 113, 54.9%) ou 5 (N = 45, 21,8%). CONCLUSÃO: Houve um aumento no número e na qualidade das publicações de cirurgiões da coluna brasileiros nos últimos anos. Além disso, o número de publicações de brasileiros em periódicos não-brasileiros aumentou nos últimos anos.OBJETIVO: Evaluar la contribución científica de cirujanos de columna brasileños, no solamente en número de publicaciones, sino en relación a la calidad, entre enero de 2000 y diciembre de 2011. MÉTODOS: Se realizó una investigación de las publicaciones de cirujanos de columna brasileños en relación a la columna o médula espinal, utilizando una base de datos online: Pubmed.gov. Las búsquedas se limitaron a artículos publicados entre enero de 2000 y diciembre de 2011. Se encontraron 1.778 artículos en la investigación en el Medline. Luego de criterios de exclusión, se seleccionaron 206. La calidad de los periódicos se midió a través del Factor de Impacto (FI) y del Qualis CAPES, y la calidad del artículo, por la clasificación de Oxford. RESULTADOS: Se observó un aumento en el número de publicaciones de cirujanos de columna brasileños, siendo que el 45,1% de las publicaciones se hicieron en los últimos 4 años (2008 - 2011). Estudios clínicos y relatos de caso fueron el tipo de artículos publicados con más frecuencia (37,5% vs 31,1%). Hubo aumento en el número de publicaciones brasileñas en periódicos no brasileños en los últimos años (linear-by-linear association: 5,449, P = 0,020). Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria fue o periódico en que los artículos se publicaron con más frecuencia (n = 67, 32%). El factor de impacto de las publicaciones tuvo una variación de 0,021 a 8,017. El análisis de la calidad de las publicaciones demostró que la mayoría de ellas alcanzó nivel de evidencia 4 (N = 113, 54,9%) o 5 (N = 45, 21,8%). CONCLUSIONES: Hubo un aumento en el número y en la calidad de las publicaciones de cirujanos de columna brasileños en los últimos años. Además, el número de publicaciones de brasileños ha aumentado a lo largo de los últimos años.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the scientific contribution of Brazilian spine surgeons not only in number of publications, but also their quality between January 2000 to December 2011. METHODS: A research of publications by Brazilian spinal surgeons on topics concerning the spine or spinal cord was performed using an online data-base; Pubmed.gov. The results were limited to articles published from January 2000 to December 2011. A total of 1,778 articles were identified after a Medline search. After exclusion criteria, 206 papers were selected. The quality of the Journals was assessed with Impact Factor (IF), and the Qualis CAPES, and the article quality using the Oxford classification. RESULTS: An increasing number of publications by Brazilian spine surgeons was observed. 45.1% of those papers were published during the last 4 years (2008 - 2011). Clinical studies and case reports were the most frequent types of article published (37.5% vs 31.1%). An increasing number of Brazilian publications in non-Brazilian journals has been observed in recent years (linear-by-linear association: 5.449, P = 0.020). The Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria was the most frequent journal in which the papers were published (n=67, 32%). The IF of the publications varied from 0.021 to 8.017. The analysis of quality of the articles using the Oxford classification demonstrated that most of them provided LOE 4 (N = 113, 54.9%) or 5 (N = 45, 21,8%). CONCLUSIONS: There has been an increasing in the number and quality of publications by Brazilian spine surgeons in recent years. Also, the number of publications by Brazilians in non-Brazilian journals has increased in recent years.

Este trabalho analisa a forma com a qual o selo postal brasileiro contribuiu para a construção de representações da religião católica em relação a outras práticas religiosas. Foi considerado, para isso, a concepção deste artefato enquanto media, texto semiótico e sua estreita relação com o discurso religioso. O corpus é composto por selos postais comemorativos brasileiros emitidos durante o século XX. A sua identificação e análise foi feita a partir do catálogo RHM. Entre o ano de 1900 e 2000, os Correios emitiram 2354 selos postais do tipo comemorativo. A partir da observação e identificação de recorrências religiosas foram compilados 222 selos postais comemorativos. O estudo correlacionou a recorrente temática religiosa com o contexto histórico brasileiro, considerando o declínio do catolicismo como maioria religiosa no país e às representações das práticas religiosas nas mídias. A conclusão indica a influência da Conferência Nacional dos Bispos do Brasil, junto ao Ministério das Comunicações e dos Correios do Brasil, consagrando e enaltecendo a visibilidade de personalidades, eventos e a práxis católica, como um discurso único e superior às demais práticas religiosas. Abstract This paper analyses the way in which postal Brazilian stamps have contributed to the construction of representations of the catholic religion regarding other religious practices. In this sense, the conception of these stamps was taken into account as media, semioptical texts in close relation with the religious speech. The corpus is composed by postal commemorative Brazilian stamps issued during the twentieth century. The identification and analyzes of the stamps were made through RHM catalogue. Between the year of 1900 and 2000, the Brazilian post offices issued 2.354 commemorative postage stamps. From the observation and identification of religious recurrences 222 commemorative stamps were compiled. The study correlated the recurring religious theme with the historical Brazilian context, taking into account the decline of the Catholicism as the major religion in Brazil and also the representations of the religious practices in the media. The conclusion of this paper indicates the influence of the National Conference of the Bishops of Brazil regarding the Ministry of the Communications, establishing and enforcing the visibility of Brazilian personalities, events, and also of catholic practices taken as special and superior in comparison with other religious practices.Key-words: Brazil; Religion; Postage Stamps; Social Representation; Visibility.