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Introducción: la evaluación de la producción científica constituye una herramienta de gran valor para trazar estrategias guiadas a una mejor cultura de investigación y publicación. Objetivo: caracterizar la producción científica de la provincia Pinar del Río, Cuba, en el área Medicine en Scopus en el periodo 2017-2021. Método: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, bibliométrico de los artículos con autoría pinareña en revistas indexadas en Scopus. El universo estuvo compuesto por 86 artículos. Se empleó estrategia de búsqueda para la información, Zotero y Bibexcel para la normalización de metadatos y VOSviewer para generar los mapas de coocurrencia de términos. Resultados: el año más productivo fue 2020 con el 31,33 % de los artículos. Hubo predominio de los artículos originales (82,56 %). El 87,24 % de los artículos fue publicado en revistas nacionales, donde el 30,24 % correspondió a Revista Cubana de Medicina General Integral. De los 27 artículos que mostraron colaboración internacional, el 33,35 % provenía de Ecuador. El análisis de coocurrencia permitió identificar 69 términos con más de 4 menciones, organizándose en 17 clústeres. Entre las instituciones más productivas se encontró a la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río (40,69 %) y al Policlínico Universitario “Pedro Borrás Astorga” (13,95 %). Conclusiones: existe una baja producción científica pinareña en el área Medicine en Scopus, caracterizada por un mayor número de artículos originales y publicación de artículos en revistas nacionales. Se evidencia la existencia de cooperación internacional, así como la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río como líder en la producción científica.

Introduction: during the epidemiological situation due to COVID-19, Cuban medical science students carried out active research tasks. Objective: to characterize the attitude towards the investigation in students of the Cuban Medical Sciences during COVID-19. Method: multicenter, observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study in Cuban Medical Sciences students in the month of July 2020. The sample consisted of 200 students selected by means of a Snow boll type sampling. To collect the information, a Google form (Google Forms) was used. Results: It was found a predominance of female students (66.5%), aged between 18 and 20 years (56.5%), of the medical career (92.5%) and of the third year (25.5 %). 34.5% of those surveyed came from the medical universities of Holguín and Pinar del Río. 87.5% of the surveyed students reported having joined the active investigations, in 87.0% of the cases the relatives did not present any objection. 66.0% of the surveyed students found this task useful. 79.5% affirmed that their incorporation into conducting active investigations in times of the COVID-19 pandemic had a great influence on their professional and humanistic training. 68.5% of the students expressed feeling support from the different health institutions. Conclusions: A great disposition was shown on the part of the students of Medical Sciences to carry out the active research.

Introduction: cardiovascular health in the elderly constitutes a line of research of great value for the improvement of health services in primary health care. Objective: to identify the cardiovascular risk in older adults of the clinic No. 25 of the "5 de Septiembre" University Polyclinic, of Consolación del Sur, in the period from November 2019 to September 2022. Methods: an observational, analytical and prospective cohort study was carried out. The sample consisted of 176 patients by simple random sampling. One-factor analysis of variance, Student's t-test and Mann Whitney U test were used as inferential statistical tests, in addition to the Kaplan-Meier curve to predict event-free evolution. Results: 36,4 % of the adults were aged 80 to 89 years and 72,7 % had a moderate cardiovascular risk. A significant statistical association (p

Introduction: Open data for the validation and generalization of research results as well as the recycling of datasets is a felt need in healthcare. Objective: to describe the FAIR principles for research data management. Method: a search in the Scopus, SciELO, Redalyc and PubMed/MedLine databases for gathering information was carried out applying a formula with the combined use of terms and Boolean operators. The terms "Open data", "research data", and "FAIR" were used. Development: Open data mean a breakthrough in information sciences, and even in health field has made progress in the last decade. It is not enough just to produce and share data, they must comply a set of principles for digitalizing, reproducing and recycling. FAIR data seek to achieve findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable datasets, as well as the elimination of cultural, socioeconomic and technical barriers. The FAIR principles application in health sciences allows a better use of resources avoiding the replication of research with negative results, granting the reuse of data and the generalization of results by combining them. Conclusions: the FAIR principles seek to strengthen open science, eliminate barriers, for developing infrastructures, protocols and data policies. The application in health sciences is of great value, as constitute a powerful tool for improving research and care practices.

Introducción: las enfermedades del corazón constituyen la principal causa de mortalidad en Cuba, donde las cardiopatías isquémicas y el infarto agudo del miocardio, presentan elevada incidencia. Objetivo: caracterizar las tendencias en la producción científica cubana sobre infarto agudo del miocardio en Scopus en el periodo 2011–2021. Método: estudio observacional, descriptivo, bibliométrico de la producción científica cubana sobre infarto agudo del miocardio en Scopus entre 2011 y 2021. Se estudiaron el número de documentos, tipología, año de publicación, tasa de variación de la producción, revista, número de citas, indicadores de la familia del índice h, número de autores, organización que financió el estudio y colaboración de autores foráneos. Se emplearon los programas VOSviewer 1.6.11, y Harzing’s Publish or Perish. Resultados: de los 52 artículos, el 84,6 % fueron originales. Los artículos fueron publicados en 25 revistas; de ellas, 7 nacionales, donde las más productivas fueron Revista Cubana de Cardiología y Cirugía Cardiovascular, con 7 artículos, y Medicc Review, con 6. Se recibieron un total de 86 citas, con una media de 8,6 citas al año y 1,65 citas por artículo y un índice h de 5. Se identificó colaboración con investigadores de ocho países, donde Estados Unidos reportó el mayor número de colaboraciones (3). Conclusiones: la producción científica cubana en Scopus sobre infarto agudo del miocardio se caracterizó por ser baja, con un predominio de artículos originales y una tendencia al estancamiento o decremento cuantitativo. Se evidenció un creciente impacto científico, así como la colaboración entre investigadores cubanos y foráneos.

Introduction: Academic procrastination can have a negative impact on student education and professional performance, hence the need for valid and reliable instruments for its study. Objective: To analyze the evidence of validity and reliability of an academic procrastination scale in Cuban dental students. Methods: Instrumental, cross-sectional and multicenter study, which included students from seven Cuban universities. Using an instrument in Spanish validated in Peruvian students, a confirmatory factor analysis was performed, structural equation modeling was used, and internal consistency was calculated with Cronbach's α coefficient. Results: 684 participants were included, of which 63.45 % were women and the mean age was 22.0 ± 1.71 years. From the initial scale of 12 items distributed in 2 factors, the factor analysis suggested eliminating item 5. The final model was made up of 11 items, 8 for factor 1 (Academic self-regulation) and 3 for factor 2 (Postponement of activities). A Cronbach's α coefficient of 0.786 (95 % CI = 0.75 - 0.81) was obtained, which indicates that the internal consistency of the instrument is good. Conclusions: The academic procrastination scale (EPA-11-Odonto) has evidence of validity and adequate reliability to evaluate the construct in Cuban dental students.

Introducción: La procrastinación académica puede repercutir negativamente en la formación estudiantil y el desempeño profesional, de allí la necesidad de contar con instrumentos válidos y confiables para su estudio. Objetivo: Analizar las evidencias de validez y confiabilidad de una escala de procrastinación académica en estudiantes cubanos de Estomatología. Métodos: Estudio instrumental, transversal y multicéntrico, que incluyó estudiantes de 7 universidades cubanas. A partir de un instrumento en español validado en estudiantes peruanos, se realizó un análisis factorial confirmatorio, se utilizó el modelamiento de ecuaciones estructurales y se calculó la consistencia interna con el coeficiente α de Cronbach. Resultados: Se incluyó a 684 participantes, de los cuales el 63,45 % fueron mujeres y la media de la edad fue 22,0 ± 1,71 años. De la escala inicial de 12 ítems distribuidos en 2 factores, el análisis factorial sugirió eliminar el ítem 5. El modelo final quedó conformado por 11 ítems, 8 para el factor 1 (Autorregulación académica) y 3 para el factor 2 (Postergación de actividades). Se obtuvo un coeficiente α de Cronbach de 0,786 (IC 95 % = 0,75 - 0,81), lo cual indica que la consistencia interna del instrumento es buena. Conclusiones: La escala de procrastinación académica (EPA-11-Odonto) posee evidencias de validez y confiabilidad adecuadas para evaluar el constructo en estudiantes cubanos de Estomatología.

Introducción: Las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos brindan atención a pacientes con condiciones clínicas que ponen su vida en peligro o con potencialidad a ello. Por ende, se requiere de personal altamente especializado, equipamiento y medicamentos; lo cual genera altos gastos. Objetivo: Describir los costos de la atención al paciente crítico atendido en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de evaluación económica parcial de descripción de costos. El universo estuvo conformado por 455 pacientes, se seleccionó una muestra de 155 mediante un muestreo aleatorio simple. La recolección de los datos se realizó a través de los registros de costos del Departamento de Contabilidad y Estadística, historia clínica, tarjeta y ficha de costo. Resultados: Los costos diarios por paciente fueron de 656,76 CUP. El departamento de radiología fue el de mayores cargos (23069,88 CUP), el complementario más indicado fue el hemograma (883). Los catéteres de abordaje venoso profundo constituyeron el instrumental más empleado y generó un gasto total de 144,26 CUP. Los electrólitos y los antimicrobianos constituyeron los grupos medicamentosos que mayores gastos generaron (49133,95 y 24896,08 CUP, respectivamente). Las hemodiálisis generaron un gasto de 142441 CUP. Conclusiones: Los estudios imagenológicos y de laboratorio necesarios para el diagnóstico y seguimiento, así como el empleo de antimicrobianos, electrólitos y equipamiento y procederes para la atención al paciente grave presentan elevados costos. Palabras clave: costos de la atención en salud; costos y análisis de costo; unidades de cuidados intensivos; costos de hospital; costos directos de servicios; sistema de costos en instituciones de salud.

Introduction: Procrastination, which is the action of postponing certain activities, has a negative impact on the academic field, hence the need to investigate the subject. Objective: To determine some factors associated with academic procrastination in Cuban dental students. Methods: Multicenter, observational, analytical and cross-sectional study, performed in 7 Cuban universities. Procrastination was investigated with a validated scale and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR), 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI), and p-values were obtained using generalized linear models. Results: Of the 738 students, 17 % and 14 % put off course work and reading that they don't like; respectively. In the multivariate model, it was found that being older (aPR: 1,16; 95 % CI: 1,05-1,29; p= 0,003) and having the support of a tutor (aPR: 1,81; 95 % CI: 1,24-2,64; p= 0,002) were factors associated with a higher frequency of procrastination. On the contrary, there was less procrastination among those who had published at least one scientific article (aPR: 0,62; 95 % CI: 0,40-0,97; p= 0,036); adjusted for 3 variables. Conclusions: Age, having a tutor and the publication of scientific articles were factors associated with academic procrastination in Cuban dental students.

Introduction: Research in Cuban medical sciences constitute one of the main functions of health personnel, encouraging the formation of research skills from the undergraduate level. Objective: To identify factors associated with publication in scientific journals by members of student scientific groups in Cuban medical universities. Methods: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, multicenter, descriptive study was carried out in 74 students members of student scientific groups of the universities of medical sciences of Pinar del Río, Cienfuegos and Holguín, in the period between January and March 2020. A semi-structured survey was used for data collection. Results: 71,62 % of the students published articles, totaling 283 publications, with a predominance of originals (131). There was a relationship (p< 0.05) between academic year, age and number of research studies with the publication of articles. The publication of articles was associated with participation in research projects (p= 0.036), participation in research courses (p= 0.03) and publication (p< 0.001); as well as being editor of a scientific journal (p= 0.005), receiving advice by teachers to publish (p= 0.002) or being awarded for researching or publishing (p= 0.001). Conclusions: Scientific publication is favored in students linked to research projects, scientific publication and research courses, and to the work of scientific journals. Teaching advice and support from the university are linked to higher productivity.

Introduction: the COVID-19-related infodemic makes necessary to evaluate all the indicators published and generated by science. Objective: to describe scientific articles about COVID-19 published on Cuban online medical school magazines. Method: an observational, descriptive and bibliometric study was carried through, checking on articles about COVID-19 on Cuban medical online magazines in the period January-June 2020. Every article about COVID-19 published in the 15 magazines currently online was downloaded in the same language and format they were available, taking into account the number of the volume, issue and section where they were published; the authors and the institutions they were affiliated to; place of origin and how many bibliographical references they had. Price´s transience index and variation rates were calculated. Results: 80 articles about COVID-19 were identified, 33.75% of them published in the magazine Revista Habanera de Ciencias Médica. Original articles prevailed (38.75%); 28.75% of them were written in Spanish and English as well, and 72.50% had multiple authors (244 of them, from 99 institutions). 1425 references were made, with a Price´s transience index of 0.86. 75 articles presented at least one quotation, and 75 citations were received. The number of publications peaked in May, with a variation rate of 80.95% compared to April. Conclusions: there is a low number of articles about COVID-19 in the online medical magazines issued by Cuban medicine schools, most of them in the on the magazines Revista Habanera de Ciencias Médicas and Medisur. The provinces and institutions with a higher number of articles coincide with the ones with the top publishing magazines.

Introducción: la comunicación científica exige nuevos estándares que permitan una difusión rápida de los resultados científicos; lo cual adquiere gran connotación en las Ciencias de la Salud. Objetivo: describir las bases para la implementación de la ciencia abierta. Método: se desarrolló una revisión bibliográfica en las bases de datos Scopus, SciELO, Pubmed y RedALyC, citándose 27 artículos. Se emplearon fórmulas de búsqueda obtenidas por la combinación de descriptores y los operadores OR y AND. Resultados: la ciencia abierta permite mejor velocidad de difusión y posicionamiento de la producción científica, evaluar la fiabilidad de los estudios y detectar conflictos de intereses. Es necesario el trabajo en materia de infraestructura para la publicación y manipulación de los datos de investigación, así como en políticas que delimiten su uso. La ciencia abierta no cambia la motivación y objetivos de la investigación, sino el cómo hacer ciencia y difundirla. Conclusiones: la ciencia abierta se sustenta el acceso libre y sin restricciones a la información, permitiendo el acceso abierto a los códigos, a los datos, a las publicaciones, así como procesos de evaluación abierta.

Introduction: acute myocardial infarction is a disease with high morbidity and mortality. Objective: to determine the knowledge level of medical students about the diagnosis and management of acute myocardial infarction. Method: an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out between January and February 2022 in medical students from the University of Medical Sciences of Pinar del Río who participated in the provincial update workshop on acute myocardial infarction. Through intentional sampling, a sample of 92 students was selected. To collect the information, a survey was used using Google Forms. Results: the female sex (65,21%), the age group from 21 to 22 years (65,21%) and the fourth-year students (50%) prevailed. Hypertension was the most identified risk factor (97,98%). 97,82% of the students identified precordial pain as the main clinical manifestation. 100% identified the presentation with complications, where sudden death was the most identified (81,52%). 100% point to the electrocardiogram as the main complementary, where ST alterations were the most identified (84,78%). 95,65% of the students indicated constant monitoring of vital parameters and cardiovascular function as the management measure. Conclusions: Medicine students belonging to the clinical area at the University of Medical Sciences of Pinar del Río have an adequate level of knowledge about the diagnosis and management of acute myocardial infarction.

Introducción: Las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos brindan atención a pacientes con condiciones clínicas que ponen su vida en peligro o con potencialidad a ello. Por ende, se requiere de personal altamente especializado, equipamiento y medicamentos; lo cual genera altos gastos. Objetivo: Describir los costos de la atención al paciente crítico atendido en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de evaluación económica parcial de descripción de costos. El universo estuvo conformado por 455 pacientes, se seleccionó una muestra de 155 mediante un muestreo aleatorio simple. La recolección de los datos se realizó a través de los registros de costos del Departamento de Contabilidad y Estadística, historia clínica, tarjeta y ficha de costo. Resultados: Los costos diarios por paciente fueron de 656,76 CUP. El departamento de radiología fue el de mayores cargos (23069,88 CUP), el complementario más indicado fue el hemograma (883). Los catéteres de abordaje venoso profundo constituyeron el instrumental más empleado y generó un gasto total de 144,26 CUP. Los electrólitos y los antimicrobianos constituyeron los grupos medicamentosos que mayores gastos generaron (49133,95 y 24896,08 CUP, respectivamente). Las hemodiálisis generaron un gasto de 142441 CUP. Conclusiones: Los estudios imagenológicos y de laboratorio necesarios para el diagnóstico y seguimiento, así como el empleo de antimicrobianos, electrólitos y equipamiento y procederes para la atención al paciente grave presentan elevados costos. Palabras clave: costos de la atención en salud; costos y análisis de costo; unidades de cuidados intensivos; costos de hospital; costos directos de servicios; sistema de costos en instituciones de salud.

Introduction: multiorgan dysfunction syndrome is characterized by the development of a progressive and potentially reversible physiological dysfunction in two or more organs induced by a wide variety of aggresive situations. The immune-inflammatory system plays an indispensable role in its pathogenesis. Objective: to identify the mortality-associated factors in patients with multiorgan dysfunction syndrome. Method: an analytical, observational, and retrospective cohort study was developed in 68 patients with multiorgan dysfunction syndrome attended in the Intensive Care Medicine Service at the Hospital General Docente "Abel Santamaría Cuadrado", Pinar del Río, between 2018 and 2019. Variables used: age, sex, diagnosis at admission, nutritional assessment, score accordind to Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA), complications arose, systems and number of organs in failing process. Results: male patients (60.3%) and age group between 60 and 79 (47.06%) were predominant. There was statistically significant association (p

¿Cómo aumentar la visibilidad de las publicaciones científicas?

Cuba cuenta con un número importante de revistas científicas en Ciencias de la Salud, las cuales pertenecen tanto a sociedades científicas, universidades u hospitales; todas ellas de Acceso Abierto. Las revistas médicas cubanas, coordinadas por la Editorial Ciencias Médicas (Ecimed), se encuentra alineada a las políticas de la red SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online) que busca lograr una ciencia abierta. La ciencia abierta se encuentra sustentada por varios pilares, orientados a un acceso gratuito y sin restricciones a la información (Open Access), acceso abierto a los datos (Open Data), a las publicaciones (open papers), así como los procesos de revisión abierta (open peer review).

RESUMEN Introducción: La enfermedad arterial periférica es bien conocida como predictor de morbilidad y mortalidad cardiovascular y cerebrovascular, de ahí la importancia de reconocer sus factores de riesgo. Objetivo: Determinar los factores de riesgo asociados a la enfermedad arterial periférica en pacientes diagnosticados por el índice tobillo brazo. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional analítico transversal, entre el 1ro de septiembre y 30 de noviembre de 2019. El universo fue de 290 pacientes, se trabajó con una muestra de 120, determinada por un muestreo aleatorio simple. Se emplearon estadígrafos descriptivos e inferenciales: prueba t de Student, el odds ratio de prevalencia y la regresión logística binomial. Resultados: Fueron categorizados con índice tobillo brazo < 0,9 un total de 43 pacientes (35,8 %). La media de edad de la población fue de 58,43 ± 16,69. El sexo femenino predominó con 61 pacientes (50,8 %). El índice de masa corporal promedio fue de 24,29 ± 3,29 kg/m2. La hipertensión arterial fue el factor de riesgo más frecuente presentándose en 67,5 % de los pacientes. Se identificaron como factores de riesgo de índice tobillo brazo < 0,9 a la edad ≥ 60 años (OR: 6,41; IC 95 %: 2,04-20,1; p=0,001); la hipertensión arterial (OR: 2,99; IC 95 %: 1,02-8,73; p=0,045); la diabetes mellitus (OR: 3,89; IC 95 %: 1,34-11,3; p=0,012) y la dislipidemia (OR: 4,35; IC 95 %: 1,27-14,8; p=0,019). Conclusiones: La edad avanzada, la hipertensión arterial, la diabetes mellitus y la dislipidemia constituyeron factores de riesgo asociados a la enfermedad arterial periférica.

Introducción: los estudios bibliométricos permiten evaluar las métricas generadas por una revista y, con esos resultados, trazar estrategias en pos de la evolución del medio científico. Objetivo: caracterizar la producción científica publicada en Revista Información Científica. Material y Método: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, de tipo bibliométrico en los artículos publicados en Revista Información Científica en el periodo 2017-2019. Se realizó una búsqueda en Google Scholar mediante el software Harzing´s Publish or Perish para extraer indicadores de la familia del índice h. Los datos fueron normalizados en el gestor de referencias Zotero. Se aplicó un enfoque de género para analizar la autoría. Se empleó el programa VOSviewer para analizar las redes de coautoría. Resultados: se publicaron 324 artículos con una tasa de variación de -54,32 %. El 57,41 % de la producción científica fue de artículos originales. Se reportaron 1 297 autores, con predominio de las féminas (68,47 %) y 121 instituciones firmantes. Los autores foráneos representaron el 3,01 % del total, de ellos el 23,7 % provenía de Ecuador. La especialidad Medicina General Integral aportó el 15,81 % de los autores. Se emplearon 5 400 referencias bibliográficas, el 55,28 % fue de artículos extranjeros. La revista recibió 373 citas en el periodo. Se identificaron redes de coautoría. Conclusiones: se corrobora el uso y mejoramiento de indicadores clave de calidad en Revista Información Científica. El predominio de las instituciones guantanameras como firmantes es el principal aspecto negativo identificado. La caracterización bibliométrica permite conocer factores estratégicos para la futura política.

Introduction: the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction is a highly precise technique in the detection and amplification of genetic material, and therefore in the detection of viruses. Objective: to describe the bases of the use of the polymerase chain reaction with reverse transcriptase as a diagnostic test in the detection of SARS-CoV-2. Method: a literature review was carried out on articles published up to May 2020. The following databases were consulted: Scopus, Wiley Online Library, SciELO, DIALNET, EBSCO, MEDLINE and PubMed. Articles in Spanish and English were retrieved, selecting 43 references. Development: The reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction to detect SARS-CoV-2 consists of reading RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, ORF1ab fragments, the E gene, the N gene, and the S gene. The nasopharyngeal exudate offers better results than oropharyngeal and saliva as sample. The inclusion of reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction tests using rectal swab specimens is necessary in suspected false negative cases. New studies and techniques are developed with the aim of optimizing the detection process. Conclusions: the availability of diagnostic tests is crucial for the isolation of positive cases and the monitoring of the epidemiological chain of transmission. RT-PCR turned out to be the test of choice during the viral replication period. The RT-LAMP assay is a rapid diagnostic alternative with similar principles to RT-PCR.

Background: the increase in the number of publications in scientific journals has raised the need to carry out periodic assessments of their scientific production or that of a specific area of knowledge.Objective: to characterize the articles on oncology, published in Cuban student scientific journals between January 2014 and April 2019.Methods: a bibliometric study was carried out on the type of articles declared in the objective, studying 28 articles. To gather the data, the journals’ Web pages were accessed, downloading the total articles founded. The following variables were assessed: journal, major of the first author, sex, number of authors, province of origin, medical specialty, type of article, references, price index (PI), citations and number of corrected citations (NCC).Results: 53,58 % of the articles were published in the 16 de Abril journal. 82,14 % of the first authors of each article belonged to the major of medicine and 57,55 % of the authors were male. There was a predominance of articles with 4 authors (36 %), from the specialty of general surgery (28,57 %), produced in Pinar del Río (28,57 %). An average of almost 20 references per article was found. The price index ranged between 0,28 and 0,86. 14,28 % of the articles were cited, with a predominance of review articles.Conclusions: the articles on oncology published in Cuban student scientific journals were characterized, finding a low scientific production, with low citation indexes.

La investigación científica constituye la fuente principal de generación de nuevos conocimientos. El proceso investigativo se realiza con el fin de zanjar brechas en el conocimiento del investigador donde, al responder una pregunta, nuevas interrogantes aparecerán, estableciéndose un proceso continuo y cíclico.

Introduction:interpleural block offers postoperative analgesia with significant results in surgical interventions. Objective:to evaluate the benefits of interpleural block with 0.5 % Bupivacaine and Morphine by means of interpleural catheter in patients operated on pneumothorax pain relief. Method:an observational, analytical study of cases and controls was carried out in patients undergoing emergency surgery for pneumothorax at Abel Santamaria Cuadrado general teaching hospital, from January to October 2018. The patients were randomized 1:1 (20 cases / 20 controls). Results:a predominance of patients over 65 years of age was found. Pulmonary emphysema predominated (40 % in the case group / 50 % in the controls). ASA II patients predominated. No significant variations were found in the hemodynamic parameters or their association with the type of analgesia (p> 0,05). It was found that the quality of analgesia evaluated and the type of analgesia applied showed a significant relationship (p = 0,0001). In the case group, nausea (0,5 %) and hypotension (0,5 %) predominated; and in controls the tachycardia (75 %). Conclusions:the administration of Bupivacaine and Morphine using interpleural catheter in patients operated on pneumothorax presented good results with few complications, stable hemodynamic parameters and satisfactory postoperative analgesia.

Basic knowledge for the care of patients with acute myocardial infarction

Introduction: traumatic injuries are the leading cause of death in young people, ages under 45, and brain injuries have a high incidence of death in more than half of those suffering from these injuries. Objective: to characterize patients with severe cranioencephalic trauma in the Intensive Care Unit at Arnaldo Milián Castro General Teaching Hospital during the year 2018. Methods: an observational, descriptive and retrospective study was conducted in 38 patients with the diagnosis of severe head trauma from January 1, 2018 to January 1, 2019. Medical records were reviewed; variables such as age, cause of trauma, type of injury, complications and hospital staying were collected. Results: male patients predominated (92.11%), ages between 36 and 64 years (50%); 50% of traumas were due to traffic accidents. Subdural hematoma represented 52.63 % of lesions and pneumonia the most common complication (65.79 %). Patients admitted for more than 9 days predominated (44.74%); 73.68 % of patients were admitted alive; 65.79 % of patients underwent surgery. Severe cerebral edema was found among the causes of death (70%). Conclusions: male patients after the third decade of life are prone to severe cranioencephalic trauma. Intervention on primary lesions avoids complications, where ventilation and prolonged hospital staying can trigger sepsis and act as factors affecting survival.

Background: acute myocardial infarction is currently worrying the scientific community due to the high numbers of morbidity and mortality that have been reported.Objective: to characterize patients with acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation treated at the Abel Santamaría Cuadrado General Teaching Hospital from 2015 to 2017.Methodology: a descriptive, cross-sectional and observational study was carried out with 714 patients suffering from acute myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation, treated at the aforementioned institution and during the period herein declared. The following variables were assessed: age, sex, presence of coronary risk factors, topographic location of the lesion, degree of cardiac sufficiency, hospital stay, complications, thrombolytic therapy, time of beginning of treatment, status at discharge and causes that prevented thrombolysis. The data were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics.Results: there was a prevalence of the male sex (63,7 %), the 60 to 79 age group (52,07 %), arterial hypertension (70,31 %) as the main associated risk factor, and lesions with inferior topographic location (41,7 %). 70,45 % had a stay lower than 10 days, predominating the left bundle branch block as a complication (11,06 %). 90,9 % of the sample remained alive at discharge, out of which 64,57 % received thrombolytic treatment, with the prolonged wait as the main cause of non-thrombolysis.Conclusions: the studied patients with acute myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation were characterized, highlighting hypertension as the associated risk factor and a high survival at discharge.

New challenges to Cuban student-scientific journals

The ex-ante evaluation is one that is carried out before the intervention is carried out and seeks to know its relevance, feasibility and potential effectiveness. With the aim of describing the lessons learned and to be learned about student publication, a documentary analysis of research and publications on student scientific production in Cuba was carried out. During the study period, 193 documents were identified in the SciELO database, 457 documents in Scopus and 75 in WoS. 10 lessons learned and 5 to be learned were identified on the subject. Through research and publication in the undergraduate stage, the student contributes to his educational institution as another scientist, while breaking the equivocal dogma that the university is only for teaching purposes. There is potential in Cuban universities for research and publication, which must be encouraged and supported by all competent authorities.

Introduction: scientific journals are the means of excellence for the dissemination of the results of researches. Bibliometric studies allow the assessment of the scientific production of a determine journal; representing a guide for editorial teams in order to plan the strategies. Objective: to characterize the scientific production of the Journal Universidad Médica Pinareña, throughout 2014-2017. Method: bibliometric, descriptive, longitudinal and retrospective study of the scientific production published in the Journal Universidad Médica Pinareña, during 2014-2017. In this period, 82 articles were published, analyzing the totality of them. Descriptive statistics was applied; statistical measures such as absolute frequencies, relative percentages and the Price Index were used. Results: there was observed a predominance of original articles (46,34 %) and multiple authorships, where there were articles with four authors accounted for 62 %. The Associate Professors outweighed (38,57 %); 39,02 % of the articles came from Ernesto Che Guevara de la Serna School of Medical Sciences, on the other hand, 7,32 % came from Havana and Ciego de Avila institutions. The average of references per article was 14,3 % and the Price Index of 0,76 %. Conclusions: the Journal Universidad Médica Pinareña has a demanding editorial process, publishing state of the art articles. The original articles represent the greatest contribution to knowledge development. The faculties of medical sciences and provincial hospitals contribute the largest number of investigations to the journal.

Introduction: thrombolytic therapy has been one of the greatest advances to treat patients with acute myocardial infarction. Objective:to characterize thrombolytic therapy in patients with acute myocardial infarction hospitalized in the intensive coronary care unit at Abel Santamaría Cuadrado General Teaching Hospital. Method: a descriptive and cross-sectional, observational study was carried out. The target group was comprised of 734 patients with the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. Descriptive statistics measures were applied as absolute frequency and relative percentage. Results: ages from 60-69 (30,3 %) and masculine sex prevailed (66,75 %); the most common location was the inferior one with 51 %. The most common cause of non-thrombolysis was a period greater than 12 hours in 63,8 % of cases. Thrombolysis was applied in 63,5 % of the cases and the most common complication was hypotension in 20,8 %; 53,9 % of deaths were thrombolyzed patients and 61.9 % of the deceased were male. Conclusions: male patients older than 50 years showed a high incidence of this entity. The delay in attending medical services is an essential reason of the non-application of this therapy and the death of these patients.