16 results on '"Ayuso, Carmen"'
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2. Trasplante hepático de donante vivo en adultos. ¿Pueden influir los cambios del flujo portal en la función hepática postoperatoria?
- Author
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García-Valdecasas, Juan Carlos, Fuster, José, Charco, Ramón, Bombuy, Ernest, Fondevila, Constantino, Ferrer, Joana, García-Criado, Ángeles, Ayuso, Carmen, Rodríguez-Laiz, Gonzalo, Auxiliadora Amador, M., and Taura, Pilar
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Materiales barrera : nanoestructuras basadas en polietileno y nanoarcillas
- Author
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Fernández Ayuso, Carmen, Bódalo Santoyo, Antonio, Gómez Gómez, Elisa, and Facultad de Química
- Subjects
67 - Industrias, comercios y oficios diversos ,Materias plásticas ,Industria ,Ingeniería química ,Comercio - Abstract
El objetivo de esta tesis es el desarrollo de nanoestructuras a partir de nanoarcillas y polietileno para mejorar sus propiedades barrera al oxígeno de este polímero, que además conserve las propiedades térmicas y ópticas. El trabajo se ha dividido en varias fases con el objetivo de evaluar y comparar diferentes métodos de incorporación de las nanoarcillas a la matriz polimérica: En la primera fase se ha utilizado la tecnología “capa a capa” para crear films de polietileno con nanoarcillas. Estos films se han construido intercalando capas sucesivas de poliacrilamida y montmorillonita (Cloisita Na+, no modificada orgánicamente) sobre un film de polietileno sometido a tratamiento corona, logrando una disminución de la permeabilidad al oxígeno, lo cual se debe a la nanoestructura formada en el film, que provoca un camino tortuoso para la difusión de las moléculas de oxígeno. Las propiedades ópticas han sido analizadas encontrando que los valores de transparencia son superiores al 90% en todas las muestras. Esta tecnología ha sido llevada a cabo mediante dos metodologías: -Inicialmente se construyeron las nanoestructuras aplicando las bicapas mediante spray. Los resultados mostraron que tras 20 bicapas los valores de permeabilidad al oxígeno disminuyen en un 67% respecto al LDPE puro, pero al incrementar el número de bicapas a 30 los resultados obtenidos sólo mejoran los valores de permeabilidad en un 40,22% respecto al LDPE puro. La tecnología utilizada para formar las bicapas mediante dispersión con spray de las disoluciones en la matriz polimérica, da lugar a capas muy finas, de aproximadamente 0,2 micras/bicapa. Al acumular un exceso de bicapas, y ser éstas tan finas, la estructura se desmorona. - Posteriormente, se construyeron las nanoaestructuras mediante tecnología “capa a capa” por inmersión de la matriz polimérica en las disoluciones. Con tan sólo 9 bicapas se lograron excelentes valores de permeabilidad, con una reducción del 99.92% respecto al polietileno puro, pasando de un film barrera al oxígeno pobre, a un film con una alta capacidad barrera al oxígeno (3,66 cm3/m2• día), con tan sólo 48 micras de espesor total. Ello demuestra que las bicapas formadas por inmersión, aunque de mayor espesor (apróximadamente 0,4 micras/bicapa), son más homogéneas y estables, formando una nanoestructura más eficiente, lo que permite, con un film substrato más delgado, obtener mejores resultados de permeabilidad al oxígeno. En la segunda fase de la tesis las nanoarcillas (modificadas orgánicamente) han sido incorporadas en el seno de la matriz de polietileno en forma de masterbatch mediante mezclado con extrusora de doble husillo y posterior obtención de films con extrusora de soplado. - En primer lugar, se probaron dos tipos de nanoarcillas comerciales modificadas orgánicamente (Cloisita 15A y Cloisita 20A) no obteniendo con ninguna de las dos, mejora apreciable sobre las propiedades del polietileno, lo cual se ha atribuido a la formación de estructuras agregadas y a la baja adhesión entre el polietileno y la nanoarcilla. - Ante los resultados obtenidos, se incorporó a los masterbatches un compatibilizante polietileno-nanoarcilla. Como consecuencia, los mejores resultados mostraron una reducción en la permeabilidad al oxígeno de 22,90% con una concentración de nanoarcilla Cloisita 15A del 4%. Al incorporar el compatibilizante se consigue una mejor homogeneización y dispersión de las nanoarcillas, dando lugar a mejores resultados. Los mejores resultados de la tesis han sido obtenidos con la tecnología “capa a capa” mediante inmersión por la precisión en la orientación de las nanopartículas y sobre la morfología de la matriz polimérica, lo cual no se puede alcanzar con las tecnologías convencionales. ABSTRACT The objective of this thesis is the development of nanostructures from nanoclays and polyethylene to improve oxygen barrier properties of this polymer, maintaining its thermal and optical properties. This research work has been split into several phases in order to evaluate and compare different methods of nanoclays incorporation into polymer: In the first phase, “layer by layer” technology has been used to create polyethylene nanoclays films. These films have been constructed inserting successive layers of polyacrylamide and montmorillonita (Cloisite Na+, non-organic modification) grown on a LDPE film substrate submitted to corona treatment. Using this technology oxygen permeability is decreased, as consequence of a brick wall nanostructure present within the film that produces a tortuous path for diffusing oxygen molecules. Optical properties have been analyzed and transparency greater than 90% has been showed in all samples. This technology has been carried out through two methodologies: - Firstly, nanostructures were built by spray. Results showed that after 20 bilayers the oxygen permeability is decreased around 67% below the pure LDPE, but increasing to 30 bilayers results only decreased a 40,22% below the pure LDPE. Spray technology used to build these bilayers generate very thin ones, only about of 0,2 micron. When an excess of bilayers are accumulated, and also due to their thickness, the nanobrick structure is collapsed. - After that, nanostructures were built by immersion of polymer film into solutions. Excellent oxygen permeability results were reached with only 9 bilayers, with a reduction of 99,92% below pure polyethylene, changing from a poor oxygen barrier film to a high oxygen barrier one (3,66 cm3/m2• day), with a total thickness of 48 microns. This fact show that bilayers built by immersion, although having a high thickness (around 0,4 microns/bilayer), are more homogeneous and uniform, making a more efficient structure, which allow, with a thinner substrate film, to reach better oxygen permeability results. In the second phase of this doctoral thesis, nanoclays (organically modified) have been incorporated to the polyethylene matrix as masterbatch mixing the components in a twin screw extruder, and after obtaining the films using a blown film extruder. - Firstly, two types of commercial organically modified nanoclays (Cloisite 15A y Cloisite 20A) were tested, and no substantial improvements were obtained in the polyethylene properties. This fact is attributed to the aggregate structures formed and a low adhesion between polyethylene and nanoclay, allowing the oxygen diffusion through the film. - After these obtained results, a polyethylene-nanoclay compatibilizer was aggregated to masterbatches. Consequently, the best results showed an oxygen permeability reduction of 22,90% with 4% concentration of nanoclay Cloisite 15A. Therefore, compatibilizer incorporation gives a better homogenization and dispersion of nanoclays, giving rise to better results. Finally, it is emphasized that the best results have been reached using “layer by layer” technology by immersion, which is attributed to the high control over nanostructures formation, obtained by an excellent accurate on nanoparticles orientation and polymer matrix morphology, these cannot be reached by conventional extrusion technologies, which only offer a partial control over filling morphology scattered in polymer matrix.
- Published
- 2018
4. Abordaje conservador del embarazo ectópico cervical
- Author
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Hijona Elósegui, Jesús Joaquín, Calero Rojas, Miguel, Contreras Rodríguez, Ana, del Carmen Toledano Montero, M., Pallarés Ayuso, Carmen, and Torres Martí, Juan Manuel
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Implementación de las técnicas de secuenciación masiva para la elaboración de nuevos algoritmos diagnósticos e identificación de nuevos genes en distrofias de retina
- Author
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Pérez Carro, Raquel, Ayuso, Carmen, Avila, Almudena, UAM. Departamento de Biología Molecular, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Ayuso, Carmen (dir.), and Avila, Almudena (dir.)
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Biología y Biomedicina / Biología ,Retina - Enfermedades - Aspectos genéticos - Tesis doctorales - Abstract
Tesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Molecular. Fecha de lectura: 19-05-2017
- Published
- 2017
6. Diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Update of the consensus document of the AEEH, AEC, SEOM, SERAM, SERVEI, and SETH.
- Author
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Reig M, Forner A, Ávila MA, Ayuso C, Mínguez B, Varela M, Bilbao I, Bilbao JI, Burrel M, Bustamante J, Ferrer J, Gómez MÁ, Llovet JM, De la Mata M, Matilla A, Pardo F, Pastrana MA, Rodríguez-Perálvarez M, Tabernero J, Urbano J, Vera R, Sangro B, and Bruix J
- Subjects
- Consensus, Humans, Medical Oncology, Radiology, Interventional, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular diagnosis, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular therapy, Liver Neoplasms diagnosis, Liver Neoplasms therapy
- Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver neoplasm and one of the most common causes of death in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. In parallel, with recognition of the clinical relevance of this cancer, major new developments have recently appeared in its diagnosis, prognostic assessment and in particular, in its treatment. Therefore, the Spanish Association for the Study of the Liver (AEEH) has driven the need to update the clinical practice guidelines, once again inviting all the societies involved in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease to participate in the drafting and approval of the document: Spanish Society for Liver Transplantation (SETH), Spanish Society of Diagnostic Radiology (SERAM), Spanish Society of Vascular and Interventional Radiology (SERVEI), Spanish Association of Surgeons (AEC) and Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (SEOM). The clinical practice guidelines published in 2016 and accepted as National Health System Clinical Practice Guidelines were taken as the reference documents, incorporating the most important recent advances. The scientific evidence and the strength of the recommendation is based on the GRADE system., (Copyright © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. [Participant-funded clinical trials on rare diseases].
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Dal-Ré R, Palau F, Guillén-Navarro E, and Ayuso C
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- Clinical Trials as Topic ethics, Clinical Trials as Topic organization & administration, Crowdsourcing economics, Crowdsourcing ethics, Health Services Accessibility economics, Health Services Accessibility ethics, Humans, Orphan Drug Production ethics, Rare Diseases economics, Research Support as Topic ethics, Spain, United States, Clinical Trials as Topic economics, Orphan Drug Production economics, Patient Selection ethics, Rare Diseases drug therapy, Research Support as Topic methods
- Abstract
The development of medicines for certain rare diseases can be frustrated by lack of funding. In certain cases the patients themselves, or their relatives, occasionally fund the clinical trial in which they will be treated with the investigational medicine. There are 3models of self-funded research: 2of them, "pay to try" and "pay to participate", have already been put into practice. The third, the "plutocratic" proposal, which has been recently put forward is still a theoretical model. In this work the scientific, social and ethical benefits and risks of the 2clinical research models, "pay to participate" and the "plutocratic" proposal, are reviewed. Patient-funded clinical trials are frequently performed through crowdfunding. The most controversial aspects of this funding modality are also addressed in this article from several perspectives. Finally, a future scenario that would allow the launching of self-funded clinical trials in Spain by the "plutocratic" proposal is proposed., (Copyright © 2020 Asociación Española de Pediatría. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. [Diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Update consensus document from the AEEH, SEOM, SERAM, SERVEI and SETH].
- Author
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Forner A, Reig M, Varela M, Burrel M, Feliu J, Briceño J, Sastre J, Martí-Bonmati L, Llovet JM, Bilbao JI, Sangro B, Pardo F, Ayuso C, Bru C, Tabernero J, and Bruix J
- Subjects
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular epidemiology, Combined Modality Therapy, Early Detection of Cancer methods, Global Health, Humans, Liver Neoplasms epidemiology, Prognosis, Risk Assessment, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular diagnosis, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular therapy, Liver Neoplasms diagnosis, Liver Neoplasms therapy
- Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common primary malignancy of the liver and one of the most frequent causes of death in patients with liver cirrhosis. Simultaneously with the recognition of the clinical relevance of this neoplasm, in recent years there have been important developments in the diagnosis, staging and treatment of HCC. Consequently, the Asociación Española para el Estudio del Hígado has driven the need to update clinical practice guidelines, continuing to invite all the societies involved in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease to participate in the drafting and approval of the document (Sociedad Española de Trasplante Hepático, Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica, Sociedad Española de Radiología Vascular e Intervencionista y Sociedad Española de Oncología Médica). The clinical practice guidelines published in 2009 accepted as Clinical Practice Guidelines of the National Health System has been taken as reference document, incorporating the most important advances that have been made in recent years. The scientific evidence for the treatment of HCC has been evaluated according to the recommendations of the National Cancer Institute (www.cancer.gov) and the strength of recommendation is based on the GRADE system., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. [Ethics on genetic research (2). Genetic susceptibility studies].
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Ayuso C, Tellería JJ, Tejedor JC, and Gracia D
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- Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genetic Research ethics
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
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10. [Ethics on genetic research (1). Pharmacogenetic studies].
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Ayuso C, Abad-Santos F, Dal-Ré R, and Gracia D
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- Biological Specimen Banks ethics, Biological Specimen Banks legislation & jurisprudence, Clinical Trials as Topic ethics, Confidentiality ethics, Confidentiality legislation & jurisprudence, Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions genetics, Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions prevention & control, Ethics Committees, Ethics, Institutional, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Humans, Informed Consent ethics, Informed Consent legislation & jurisprudence, Moral Obligations, Ownership legislation & jurisprudence, Patient Selection, Spain, Specimen Handling ethics, Ethics, Research, Ownership ethics, Pharmacogenetics ethics
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- 2011
- Full Text
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11. [Imaging techniques in hepatocellular carcinoma: diagnosis, extension and evaluation of therapeutic response].
- Author
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Ayuso C, Rimola J, and Forner A
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- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular diagnostic imaging, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular etiology, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular secondary, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular therapy, Chemoembolization, Therapeutic, Cholangiocarcinoma blood supply, Cholangiocarcinoma diagnosis, Contrast Media, Early Diagnosis, Hepatectomy, Humans, Liver Cirrhosis complications, Liver Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Liver Neoplasms etiology, Liver Neoplasms therapy, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Neoplasm Invasiveness, Neoplasm Staging, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Treatment Outcome, Ultrasonography, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular diagnosis, Diagnostic Imaging, Liver Neoplasms diagnosis
- Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a poor prognosis when diagnosed in advanced stages. Patients with cirrhosis of any etiology are a clear risk group. Thus, to improve prognosis, these patients should be included in surveillance programs to detect HCC in the early phases. Ultrasonographic examination is recommended for this purpose. The imaging techniques currently available for characterization of focal liver lesions are dynamic ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT). MRI and CT are also suitable to determine tumoral extension. This article reviews the role of imaging techniques in the diagnosis and study of extension of HCC and in assessment of tumoral response after treatment, according to tumoral stage at diagnosis and the clinical status of the patient., (Copyright © 2010 Elsevier España, S.L. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. [Holt-Oram syndrome: study of 7 cases].
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Martínez-García M, Lorda-Sanchez I, García-Hoyos M, Ramos C, Ayuso C, and Trujillo-Tiebas MJ
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- Abnormalities, Multiple diagnosis, Abnormalities, Multiple genetics, Acrocephalosyndactylia diagnosis, Acrocephalosyndactylia genetics, DNA Mutational Analysis methods, Exons genetics, Heart Defects, Congenital diagnosis, Heart Defects, Congenital genetics, Heart Septal Defects, Atrial diagnosis, Heart Septal Defects, Atrial genetics, Humans, Lower Extremity Deformities, Congenital diagnosis, Lower Extremity Deformities, Congenital genetics, Mutation, Missense, Phenotype, Point Mutation, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Sequence Deletion, Upper Extremity Deformities, Congenital diagnosis, Upper Extremity Deformities, Congenital genetics, Zinc Finger Protein Gli3, Genetic Heterogeneity, Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors genetics, Nerve Tissue Proteins genetics, T-Box Domain Proteins genetics
- Abstract
Unlabelled: FUNDAMENTAL AND OBJECTIVE: Holt-Oram syndrome (HOS) is a heart-hand disease with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. About 85% of the affected patients present de novo mutations in the TBX5 gene. The aim of this study is to propose a molecular strategy to diagnose patients with clinical suspicion of HOS., Patients and Methods: A sequence analysis of 7 patients from exon 2 to exon 8 of the TBX5 gene was performed. MLPAp179 and MLPAp180 were performed in those cases in which no mutation was found., Results: p.Arg270X and p.Ala34Glyfsx27 mutations were identified in 2 cases. These cases fulfilled the strict clinical criteria, had a family history of HOS and had similar clinical features. In other three cases, MLPA results showed deletions of the GLI3 coding region., Conclusions: In order to increase the TBX5 mutation detection rate, an exhaustive physical examination focused on the strict clinical criteria may be necessary to rule out clinical overlapping syndromes. We propose that molecular analysis of GLI3 may be performed in patients with clinical suspicion of HOS without mutations in TBX5., (Copyright © 2010 Elsevier España, S.L. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2010
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13. [Pharmacogenetic studies assessment in clinical research: Four issues, four opinions].
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Cabrera L, Abad-Santos F, Ayuso C, and Dal-Ré R
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- Humans, Biomedical Research standards, Pharmacogenetics
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- 2010
- Full Text
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14. [Diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma].
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Forner A, Ayuso C, Isabel Real M, Sastre J, Robles R, Sangro B, Varela M, de la Mata M, Buti M, Martí-Bonmatí L, Bru C, Tabernero J, Llovet JM, and Bruix J
- Subjects
- Algorithms, Benzenesulfonates therapeutic use, Early Detection of Cancer, Hepatectomy methods, Humans, Liver Transplantation, Niacinamide analogs & derivatives, Phenylurea Compounds, Prognosis, Pyridines therapeutic use, Sorafenib, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular diagnosis, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular therapy, Liver Neoplasms diagnosis, Liver Neoplasms therapy
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. [Recommendations of the Spanish Biliopancreatic Club for the Treatment of Acute Pancreatitis. Consensus development conference].
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Navarro S, Amador J, Argüello L, Ayuso C, Boadas J, de Las Heras G, Farré A, Fernández-Cruz L, Ginés A, Guarner L, López Serrano A, Llach J, Lluis F, de Madaria E, Martínez J, Mato R, Molero X, Oms L, Pérez-Mateo M, and Vaquero E
- Subjects
- Acute Disease, Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde, Critical Care, Humans, Necrosis therapy, Nutritional Support, Pancreas pathology, Pancreatitis complications, Pancreatitis diagnosis, Pancreatitis pathology, Pancreatitis therapy
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. [Magnetic resonance enterography in Crohn's disease: a new diagnostic tool?].
- Author
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Rimola J, Rodríguez S, and Ayuso C
- Subjects
- Administration, Oral, Humans, Contrast Media administration & dosage, Crohn Disease diagnosis, Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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