1. Effectiveness of Chemical Fungicides for in Vitro Control of Different Phytopathogens in Controlled Conditions
- Author
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Roberto Gusqui Mata and Diana Alburqueque Andrade
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,S. sclerotiorum ,chlorothalonil ,P. infestans ,Penicillium spp ,Biology ,azoxistrobin ,F. oxysporum ,01 natural sciences ,040501 horticulture ,R. solani ,Crop ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,clorotalonil ,copper sulfate pentahydrate ,Mycelium ,Phytosanitary certification ,L. theobromae ,carbendazim ,Chlorothalonil ,tiabendazol ,Carbendazim ,Melaleuca alternifolia ,in vitro ,B. cinerea ,azoxystrobin ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,sulfato de cobre pentahidratado ,tiabendazole ,Horticulture ,chemistry ,Azoxystrobin ,fosfito de cobre ,Penicillium ,copper phosphite ,0405 other agricultural sciences ,C. gloeosporoides ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Resumen El Peru presenta un alto potencial productivo debido a las condiciones climaticas idoneas y un suelo favorable para el cultivo de diferentes productos de agroexportacion, pero los problemas fitosanitarios causados por distintos patogenos en las diferentes etapas fenologicas del cultivo generan mermas de importancia en calidad y cantidad de producto cosechado en campo y en poscosecha. Por ello, esta investigacion tuvo como objetivo medir la eficacia de productos quimicos mediante la prueba de alimento envenenado in vitro . Se probaron siete ingredientes activos: tiabendazol, azoxistrobin, carbendazim, sulfato de cobre pentahidratado, fosfito de cobre, clorotalonil y extracto de Melaleuca alternifolia . Para ello, se evaluo el porcentaje de inhibicion de crecimiento de micelio (PICM); en esta prueba in vitro se obtuvo un 100 % PICM para: R. solani con sulfato de cobre pentahidratado; P. infestans y S. sclerotiorum con azoxistrobin; R. solani, F. oxysporum, L. theobromae, S. sclerotiorum, C. gloeosporoides y Penicillium spp. con carbendazim; F. oxysporum, B. cinerea, L. theobromae, S. sclerotiorum con fosfito de cobre; R. solani, F. oxysporum, L. theobromae y Penicillium spp. con tiabendazol. El extracto de Melaleuca alternifolia presento el menor PICM para F. oxysporum y R. solani con una inhibicion del patogeno del 69,50 y 64,75 % respectivamente. Palabras clave: tiabendazol, azoxistrobin, carbendazim, sulfato de cobre pentahidratado, fosfito de cobre, clorotalonil, in vitro, R. solani, P. infestans, S. sclerotiorum, F. oxysporum, L. theobromae, C. gloeosporoides, B. cinerea, Penicillium spp. Abstract Peru has a high productive potential due to ideal climatic conditions and a favorable soil for the cultivation of different agricultural export products, but the phytosanitary problems caused by different pathogens in the different phenological stages of the crop generate significant losses in quality and quantity of product harvested in the field and after harvest. Therefore, this research aimed to measure the effectiveness of chemical products through the poisoned food test. In vitro, seven active ingredients were tested: tiabendazole, azoxystrobin, carbendazim, copper sulfate pentahydrate, copper phosphite, chlorothalonil and extract of Melaleuca alternifolia . For this, the percentage of inhibition of mycelial growth (PIMG) was evaluated. In this in vitro test, 100 % PIMG was obtained for: R. solani with copper sulfate pentahydrate; P. infestans and S. sclerotiorum with azoxystrobin; R. solani, F. oxysporum, L. theobromae, S. sclerotiorum, C. gloeosporoides and Penicillium spp. with carbendazim; F. oxysporum, B. cinerea, L. theobromae, S. sclerotiorum with copper phosphite; R. solani, F. oxysporum, L. theobromae and Penicillium spp. with tiabendazole. The extract of Melaleuca alternifolia had the lowest PIMG for F. oxysporum and R. solani with an inhibition of the pathogen of 69.50 and 64.75 % respectively. Keywords: tiabendazole, azoxystrobin, carbendazim, copper sulfate pentahydrate, copper phosphite, chlorothalonil, in vitro, R. solani, P. infestans, S. sclerotiorum, F. oxysporum, L. theobromae, C. gloeosporoides, B. cinerea, Penicillium spp.
- Published
- 2018