9 results on '"Cardoner, N."'
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2. Capítulo 33 - Otros tratamientos biológicos en psiquiatría
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Cardoner, N.
- Published
- 2015
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3. Caracterización del trastorno psicopático de la personalidad: clínica, neuropsicología y neuroimagen
- Author
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Pera Guardiola, Vanessa, Batalla, Iolanda, Cardoner, N. (Narcís), Soriano Mas, Carles, and Universitat de Lleida. Departament de Medicina
- Subjects
Psicopatia ,Neuropsychology ,Medicina ,Psychopathy ,616.89 ,Neuropsicologia ,Neuroimage ,Neuroimagen ,Psicopatía ,Neuropsicología ,Neuroimatge - Abstract
Objectiu: L’objectiu principal d’aquest estudi és descriure les troballes a nivell clínic, neuropsicològic i de neuroimatge derivats de l’estudi d’una mostra de subjectes empresonats avaluats amb la PCL-R. Metodologia: Aquesta tesi està formada per quatre estudis on s’investiga la comorbiditat dels diferents trastorns de la personalitat amb la psicopatia, així com les funcions executives, la impulsivitat, el reconeixement de les emocions i la correlació entre el reconeixement emocional i l’estructura regional cerebral en una mostra intrapenitenciaria de subjectes antisocials i psicòpates. Resultats: A la nostra mostra trobem un percentatge del 100% de trastorn antisocial de la personalitat en subjectes psicòpates. Els subjectes antisocials amb trastorn psicopàtic presenten una millor funció executiva que els subjectes antisocials sense psicopatia, i similars als controls. Els subjectes antisocials van ser més impulsius, mentre que els psicòpates van mostrar dèficits en el reconeixement d’algunes emocions i alteracions volumètriques cerebrals en àrees de reconeixement de les emocions., Objetivo: El objetivo principal del presente trabajo es describir los hallazgos clínicos, neuropsicológicos y de neuroimagen derivados del estudio de una muestra de sujetos intrapenitenciarios evaluados con la PCL-R. Metodología: Esta tesis está formada por cuatro estudios dónde se investiga la comorbilidad de los diferentes trastornos de la personalidad con la psicopatía, así como las funciones ejecutivas, la impulsividad, el reconocimiento de las emociones y la correlación entre el reconocimiento emocional y la estructura regional cerebral en una muestra intrapenitenciaria de sujetos antisociales y psicópatas. Resultados: En nuestra muestra encontramos un porcentaje del 100% de trastorno antisocial de la personalidad en sujetos psicópatas. Los sujetos antisociales con trastorno psicopático presentan una mejor función ejecutiva que los sujetos antisociales sin psicopatía, y similares a los controles. Los sujetos antisociales fueron más impulsivos, mientras que los psicópatas mostraron déficits en el reconocimiento de algunas emociones y alteraciones volumétricas cerebrales en áreas de reconocimiento de las emociones., Objective: The main purpose of the study is to describe clinical, neuropsychological and neuroimaging findings derived from a sample of incarcerated subjects evaluated with the PCL-R. Methodology: This thesis consists of four studies which investigate the comorbidity of different personality disorders with psychopathy, as well as executive functions, impulsivity, recognizing emotions and the correlation between emotion recognition and regional brain structure in a imprisoned sample of antisocial and psychopath subjects. Results: In our sample, 100% of the psychopaths obtained an antisocial personality disorder diagnosis. Antisocial offenders with psychopathy had better executive functions compared to antisocial offenders without psychopathy, and similar to controls. The antisocial subjects were more impulsive, whereas psychopaths showed some deficits in emotion recognition and volumetric brain abnormalities in relation to areas involved in recognizing emotions.
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- 2015
4. Spanish validation of the Empirically Developed Clinical Staging Model (EmDe-5) for patients with bipolar disorder.
- Author
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de la Fuente-Tomás L, Arranz B, Sierra P, Sánchez-Autet M, García-Blanco A, Gutiérrez-Rojas L, Balanzá-Martínez V, Vidal-Rubio S, Vieta E, Jiménez E, Hernández C, Arrojo M, Gómez-Trigo J, Zapico-Merayo Y, Pelayo-Terán JM, Pérez-Solà V, Mur E, Cardoner N, González-Pinto A, Zorrilla I, Ruiz-Veguilla M, Catalán-Barragán R, Safont G, Martínez-Cao C, Sáiz P, Bobes J, and García-Portilla MP
- Abstract
Introduction: Bipolar disorder (BD) has been reconceptualised as a progressive disorder that develops from mild to severe presentations. An empirical staging model - the Empirically Developed Clinical Staging Model for BD (EmDe-5) - was developed in a previous study. This study aims to further validate that model using a larger and more representative Spanish sample., Material and Methods: 183 BD outpatients were recruited at 11 sites in Spain. Assessment included clinical characteristics of the BD (number of hospitalisations, number of suicide attempts, comorbid personality disorders), physical health (BMI, metabolic syndrome, number of physical illnesses), cognition (SCIP), functioning (permanently disabled due to BD, FAST), and quality of life (SF-36). The CGI-S, VAS-S, and psychopharmacological treatment pattern were used as external validators., Results: Ten patients (51.5%) were classified as stage 1, 33 (18%) as stage 2, 93 (508%) as stage 3, 37 (202%) as stage 4, and 10 (55%) as stage 5. All profilers, other than number of suicide attempts (p=0.311) and comorbid personality disorder (p=0.061), exhibited worse scores from stage 1 to 5. As expected, VAS-S and CGI-S scores were worse in the later stages. Regarding treatment, early stages (1-2) were associated with the use of one to three drugs while late stages (4-5) were associated with four or more drugs (p=0.002)., Conclusions: We confirm the EmDe-5 staging model's construct validity. The ease of obtaining the profilers, together with the operational criteria provided to quantify them, will facilitate the use of the EmDe-5 staging model in daily clinical practice., (Copyright © 2021. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U.)
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- 2023
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5. Efficacy and fMRI-based response predictors to mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in obsessive-compulsive disorder: Study protocol for a randomised clinical trial.
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Miquel-Giner N, Vicent-Gil M, Martínez-Zalacaín I, Porta-Casteras D, Mar L, López-Solà M, Andrews-Hanna JR, Soriano-Mas C, Menchón JM, Cardoner N, Alonso P, Serra-Blasco M, and López-Solà C
- Abstract
Background: Around 40-50% of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) suffer from obsessions and compulsions after receiving first-line treatments. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) has been proposed as a reasonable augmentation strategy for OCD. MBCT trains to decentre from distressful thoughts and emotions by focusing on them voluntarily and with consciousness. This practice develops alternative ways to deal with obsessions, which could increase non-reactivity behaviours and, in turn, reduce compulsions. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of MBCT to improve OCD symptoms. Secondly, it pursues to investigate which socio-demographic, clinical, and neurobiological characteristics mediate or moderate the MBCT response; and identify potential biomarkers of positive/negative response., Methods: This study is a randomised clinical trial (RCT) of 60 OCD patients who do not respond to first-line treatments. Participants will be randomised to either an MBCT program or treatment as usual. The MBCT group will undergo 10 weekly sessions of 120min. Principal outcome: change in OCD severity symptoms using clinician and self-reported measures. Also, participants will undergo a comprehensive evaluation assessing comorbid clinical variables, neuropsychological functioning and thought content. Finally, a comprehensive neuroimaging protocol using structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging will be acquired in a 3T scanner. All data will be obtained at baseline and post-intervention., Discussion: This study will assess the efficacy of mindfulness in OCD patients who do not achieve clinical recovery after usual treatment. It is the first RCT in this subject examining clinical, neuropsychological and neuroimaging variables to examine the neural patterns associated with the MBCT response., Clinical Trials Registration: NCT03128749., (Copyright © 2022 Sociedad Española de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental (SEPSM). Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)
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- 2023
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6. Discontinuation of maintenance electroconvulsive therapy: Lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Martínez-Amorós E, Serra P, Bassa A, Palao DJ, and Cardoner N
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- 2021
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7. Obsessive-compulsive symptoms in anxiety and depressive disorders: Influence of recent and/or traumatic life events.
- Author
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Orozco A, Cardoner N, Aragón CF, Ruiz-Murugarren S, Vicens M, Álvarez-Mon MÁ, and Lahera G
- Abstract
Introduction: A high prevalence of obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCSs) in anxiety-depressive disorders ranging from 30 to 67% has been described., Objective: This study aims to assess the presence and persistence of OCSs in an outpatient sample of subjects with anxiety and depressive disorders, as well as its relationship with recent life events (RLEs) and/or traumatic experiences (TEs)., Method: We conducted a prospective, observational, analytical study of 200 subjects with DSM-5 diagnoses of anxiety and/or depression. Participants were included by consecutive sampling and were evaluated at baseline and after 6-12 months (mean 8.5 months) of follow-up. The severity of the symptoms was assessed through the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HARS) and Hamilton Scale for the evaluation of depression (HRSD-17), and comorbidity was assessed through the International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). The Revised Inventory of Obsessions and Compulsions (OCI-R), the Recent Vital Changes Questionnaire (CVSV), and the Diagnostic Scale for Post-Traumatic Stress (PDS) were also administered., Results: 54% of the sample presented OCSs, and 30.5% presented one or more TEs throughout life. At the baseline visit, the presence of OCSs was associated with the severity of depressive symptoms (p=0.028), the presence of TEs (p<0.01), symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (p<0.01) and the number of RLEs (p<0.01). Response rate at follow-up was 38%, and persistence of OCSs was found in 60.5% of patients, independent of depressive or anxious symptoms, but was associated with the number of RLEs (p<0.01)., Conclusion: The presence of OCSs in patients with anxiety and depressive disorders is frequent and persistent. Anxious-depressive patients with a history of TEs and RLEs had higher OCS levels. These findings highlight the importance of early detection and the use of therapeutic strategies focused on resilience to stress and trauma., (Copyright © 2020 SEP y SEPB. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
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8. Clinical outcome after discontinuation of maintenance Electroconvulsive Therapy. A retrospective follow-up study.
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Martínez-Amorós E, Serra P, Goldberg X, Urraca L, Palao DJ, Urretavizcaya M, and Cardoner N
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- Adult, Age of Onset, Analysis of Variance, Bipolar Disorder therapy, Depressive Disorder, Major therapy, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Male, Middle Aged, Recurrence, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Schizophrenia therapy, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome, Electroconvulsive Therapy, Mental Disorders therapy, Withholding Treatment
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Introduction: Continuation and maintenance electroconvulsive therapy (c/m-ECT) is a therapeutic option after an acute ECT course. Although it is widely used, both duration and the outcome of patients when ECT-c/m is discontinued is not yet well established. The aim of the study was to evaluate the recurrence rate and associated clinical factors when c/m-ECT is discontinued., Materials and Methods: Retrospective evaluation of 73 patients who were discontinued from c/m-ECT. The minimum evaluation time was one year. The need of hospital admission or a new acute course of ECT was considered a relapse. The recurrence rate was calculated as a percentage and the estimated time to recurrence was analyzed through a survival analysis. Possible associations between clinical variables and recurrence were analyzed by univariate and multivariate Cox analysis., Results: Thirty-six patients (49.3%) relapsed: 61.1% of them relapsed during the first year after the c/m-ECT discontinuation (36.1% during the first 6 months). The estimated time to recurrence was 38.67 months. Fifty percent of patients who relapsed required a new acute course of ECT and 44.4% of them restarted c/m-ECT. Patients with an interval between sessions of less than one month and those with more previous episodes showed a higher risk of recurrence., Conclusions: The risk of recurrence should be considered before the discontinuation of c/m-ECT. After the discontinuation, almost half of the patients relapsed, most of them within the first year. Close monitoring should be conducted in these patients and the discontinuation is not recommended when it is administered at intervals between sessions of less than a month. Further studies are required to identify risk groups for relapse., (Copyright © 2019 SEP y SEPB. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
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9. Effectiveness and pattern of use of continuation and maintenance electroconvulsive therapy.
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Martínez-Amorós E, Cardoner N, Gálvez V, and Urretavizcaya M
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- Humans, Prospective Studies, Retrospective Studies, Treatment Outcome, Depressive Disorder, Major therapy, Electroconvulsive Therapy methods
- Abstract
Patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) who require an acute course of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) have high relapse rates. Therefore, an effective maintenance treatment strategy needs to be established. Continuation and maintenance ECT (C/M-ECT) could be an adequate treatment option, although the lack of controlled studies has led to its usefulness being questioned. This review includes a detailed description of studies on the effectiveness/efficacy of ECT in MDD. Despite their methodological limitations, the results appear to support the idea that C/M-ECT would be a safe and effective alternative, especially in patients with severe and recurrent disease. Nevertheless, more controlled studies are needed to provide new evidence and allow a more accurate assessment of the efficacy, safety and pattern of use of C/M-ECT., (Copyright © 2012 SEP y SEPB. Published by Elsevier España, S.L. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2012
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