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Objective: To show the characteristic findings of testicular ultrasound and MR imaging in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia and testicular adrenal remnants., Methods/results: Male patient with congenital adrenal hyperplasia presenting with azoospermia. Testicular ultrasound showed heteroecogenic nodular lesions in both testicles. In view of the past medical history of the patient suspect of adrenal tissue remnants was raised. Testicular MRI findings supported the diagnosis. Regression of the intratesticular masses after glucocorticosteroid treatment confirmed the disease., Conclusions: The presence of a testicular mass in a patient with congenital adrenal hyperplasia may pose a diagnostic dilemma in relation to perform or not testicular biopsy or orchIectomy to identify it. The combination of imaging diagnostic tests such as testicular ultrasound and MRI, the medical history of congenital adrenal hyperplasia and the regression of the lesions after administration of glucocorticosteroids allow to identify this pathologic entity without performance of other invasive procedures.

Objective: To determine the diagnostic usefulness of MRI in the diagnosis of Leydig cell testicular tumor., Methods/results: Male patient consulting for infertility. Testicular ultrasound and MRI were performed. Testicular MRI showed a hypointense lesion in T2 powered sequences with intense, homogeneous enhance after contrast administration., Conclusions: MRI is considered an excellent diagnostic test for the management of patients with testicular diseases of difficult diagnosis on ultrasound, contributing to define the lesion, a Leydig cell testicular tumor in this case.

Before of the implantation of ultrasound there were few cases of ovarian cysts reported in literature because only the very large ones or those which result in mechanical complications produce symptoms. The authors report 17 cases of neonatal ovarian cysts diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound. All of the infants were asymptomatic after birth despite their size or being twisted. The diameter of the cysts varied from 2.5 to 10 cm. Five neonates were treated conservatively and the cysts resolved spontaneously. 12 infants underwent surgery following postnatal confirmation, 9 of these patients had complex ovarian cysts and at laparotomy all of them had torsion of the ovary, three of them were autoamputated, and 3 uncomplicated cysts because their large size or their association to a nephroblastoma. Simple cysts of the ovary tend to resolve spontaneously and therefore, must be treated conservatively. Complex cysts or simple ones larger than 4 cm that do not disappear should undergo surgical removal.