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Introduction: Home noninvasive ventilation (NIV), targeting a reduction of carbon dioxide with a combination of sufficient inspiratory support and backup-rate improves outcomes in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The aim of this systematic review with individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis was to evaluate the effects of intensity of home NIV on respiratory outcomes in individuals with slowly progressive neuromuscular (NMD) or chest-wall disorders (CWD)., Methods: Controlled, non-controlled and cohort studies indexed between January-2000 and December-2020 were sought from Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Central Register. Outcomes were diurnal PaCO 2 , PaO 2 , daily NIV usage, and interface type (PROSPERO-CRD 42021245121). NIV intensity was defined according to the Z-score of the product of pressure support (or tidal volume) and backup-rate., Results: 16 eligible studies were identified; we obtained IPD for 7 studies (176 participants: 113-NMD; 63-CWD). The reduction in PaCO 2 was greater with higher baseline PaCO 2 . NIV intensity per se was not associated with improved PaCO 2 except in individuals with CWD and the most severe baseline hypercapnia. Similar results were found for PaO 2 . Daily NIV usage was associated with improvement in gas exchange but not with NIV intensity. No association between NIV intensity and interface type was found., Conclusion: Following home NIV initiation in NMD or CWD patients, no relationship was observed between NIV intensity and PaCO 2 , except in individuals with the most severe CWD. The amount of daily NIV usage, rather than intensity, is key to improving hypoventilation in this population during the first few months after introduction of therapy., (Copyright © 2023 SEPAR. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: plantar fasciitis or fasciosis is a cause of foot pain with cases resistant to conservative treatment. Surgery is reserved for patients who have not responded to conservative treatment, shock waves, or corticosteroid injections. The aim of this publications is to carry out a systematic review of the available literature and to describe a specific technique for the treatment of plantar fasciosis consisting of the longitudinal tearing of the plantar aponeurosis assisted with ultrasound., Material and Methods: a systematic search was carried out for previous publications on longitudinal tenotomy in the treatment of plantar fasciitis. The Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms "Curettage", "Tenotomy" and "Plantar Fasciitis" were included. The electronic search included PubMed, Embase, Cochrane central register of controlled trials, Trip database, and National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) databases. A detailed description of the technique was included with the intention that it can be reproduced., Conclusion: longitudinal tenotomy represents an alternative for the treatment of plantar fasciitis. It is based on the extrapolation of knowledge in the Achilles tendon territory with a supporting pathophysiological basis. It is a non-invasive technique that can be performed on an outpatient basis and that would allow the rapid incorporation of the patient to their activities. Longitudinal tenotomy would prevent the patient from undergoing major surgeries.

Sleep-related movement and behaviour disorders may have an impact on sleep quality and lead to daytime symptoms. These groups of conditions include diseases such as restless legs syndrome, periodic leg movements, and REM and NREM parasomnias. The knowledge of their clinical features and management is of utmost importance for the neurologist and sleep specialist. Frequently, these patients are referred to such specialists and it is relevant to know that certain sleep disorders may be associated with other neurological conditions.

In recent years, three-dimensional (3D) printed models have been incorporated into cardiology because of their potential usefulness in enhancing understanding of congenital heart disease, surgical planning, and simulation of structural percutaneous interventions. This review provides an introduction to 3D printing technology and identifies the elements needed to construct a 3D model: the types of imaging modalities that can be used, their minimum quality requirements, and the kinds of 3D printers available. The review also assesses the usefulness of 3D printed models in medical education, specialist physician training, and patient communication. We also review the most recent applications of 3D models in surgical planning and simulation of percutaneous structural heart interventions. Finally, the current limitations of 3D printing and its future directions are discussed to explore potential new applications in this exciting medical field., (Copyright © 2016 Sociedad Española de Cardiología. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)