179 results on '"Heparin"'
Search Results
2. Obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome.
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Soto-Peleteiro A, Gonzalez-Echavarri C, and Ruiz-Irastorza G
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- Humans, Pregnancy, Female, Aspirin therapeutic use, Pregnancy Complications therapy, Pregnancy Complications diagnosis, Anticoagulants therapeutic use, Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight therapeutic use, Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic diagnosis, Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic therapy, Antiphospholipid Syndrome complications, Antiphospholipid Syndrome diagnosis
- Abstract
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is the most frequent acquired thrombophilia of autoimmune basis. Pregnancy complications of APS may include recurrent miscarriage, and placental dysfunction presenting as fetal death, prematurity, intrauterine growth restriction and preeclampsia. For the management of obstetric APS, a coordinated medical-obstetric management is essential, and this should start for a preconceptional visit in order to estimate the individual risk for complications, adjust therapies and establish the indications for preconceptional and first-trimester therapy. The basis of APS therapy during pregnancy is low-dose aspirin, combined in certain clinical scenarios with low-molecular weight heparin. Induction of delivery should not be routinely indicated in the absence of maternal and/or fetal complications. Postpartum management should be warranted., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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3. [Translated article] Risk of venous thromboembolism in thromboprophylaxis between aspirin and low molecular weight heparins after total hip arthroplasty or total knee arthroplasty: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
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Núñez JH, Moreira F, Escudero-Cisneros B, Martínez-Peña J, Bosch-García D, Angles F, and Guerra-Farfán E
- Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of aspirin versus low molecular weight heparins (LMWH) for the prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism (VTE), deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and/or total hip arthroplasty (THA)., Materials and Methods: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Sixteen studies were selected. The risk of VTE, DVT and PE were analysed. Mortality, risk of bleeding and surgical wound complications was also analysed., Results: 248,461 patients were included. 176,406 patients with thromboprophylaxis with LMWH and 72,055 patients with aspirin thromboprophylaxis. There were no significant differences in the risk of VTE (OR=0.93; 95% CI: 0.69-1.26; p=0.64), DVT (OR=0.72; 95% CI: 0.43-1.20; p=0.21) or PE (OR=1.13; 95% CI: 0.86-1.49; p=0.38) between both groups. No significant differences were found in mortality (p=0.30), bleeding (p=0.22), or complications in the surgical wound (p=0.85) between both groups. These same findings were found in the sub-analysis of only randomised clinical trials (p>0.05)., Conclusions: No increased risk of PE, DVT, or VTE was found among patients with aspirin thromboprophylaxis versus patients with LMWH thromboprophylaxis. There was also no greater mortality, greater bleeding, or greater complications in the surgical wound found among patients with aspirin thromboprophylaxis versus patients with LMWH thromboprophylaxis., (Copyright © 2023 SECOT. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
- Full Text
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4. Risk of venous thromboembolism in thromboprophylaxis between aspirin and low molecular weight heparins after total hip arthroplasty or total knee arthroplasty: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
- Author
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Núñez JH, Moreira F, Escudero-Cisneros B, Martínez-Peña J, Bosch-García D, Anglès F, and Guerra-Farfán E
- Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of aspirin versus low molecular weight heparins (LMWH) for the prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism (VTE), deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and/or total hip arthroplasty (THA)., Materials and Methods: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Sixteen studies were selected. The risk of VTE, DVT and PE were analyzed. Mortality, risk of bleeding and surgical wound complications was also analyzed., Results: 248,461 patients were included. 176,406 patients with thromboprophylaxis with LMWH and 72,055 patients with aspirin thromboprophylaxis. There were no significant differences in the risk of VTE (OR = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.69-1.26; P = .64), DVT (OR = 0.72; 95% CI: 0.43-1.20; P = .21) or PE (OR = 1.13; 95% CI: 0.86-1.49; P = .38) between both groups. No significant differences were found in mortality (P = .30), bleeding (P = .22), or complications in the surgical wound (P = .85) between both groups. These same findings were found in the sub-analysis of only randomized clinical trials (P>.05)., Conclusions: No increased risk of PE, DVT, or VTE was found among patients with aspirin thromboprophylaxis versus patients with LMWH thromboprophylaxis. There was also no greater mortality, greater bleeding, or greater complications in the surgical wound found among patients with aspirin thromboprophylaxis versus patients with LMWH thromboprophylaxis., (Copyright © 2023 SECOT. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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5. Dosage of heparin for patency of the totally implanted central venous catheter in cancer patients
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Francisca Jane Gomes de Oliveira, Andrea Bezerra Rodrigues, Islane Costa Ramos, and Joselany Áfio Caetano
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Vascular Access Devices ,Central Venous Catheters ,Catheters, Indwelling ,Heparin ,Heparin Lock ,Catheter Obstruction ,Nursing ,RT1-120 - Abstract
Objective: to analyze the evidence available in the literature about the lowest necessary dose of heparin to maintain the patency of the totally implanted central venous catheter in adult cancer patients. Method: an integrative literature review, carried out in the following databases: Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências de Saúde, Sciverse Scopus, Web of Science, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, including thirteen studies. Results: the evidence showed that the dose of heparin (300 IU/ml) is the most used in maintaining the patency of the totally implanted central venous catheter. Conclusion: according to the selected studies, the lowest dose of heparin found in maintaining the patency of the totally implanted central venous catheter in cancer patients was 10 UN/ml with a volume of 5 ml of the heparin solution.
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- 2020
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6. Estabilidad del clorhidrato de vancomicina utilizado en soluciones de sellado antimicrobiano para catéteres intravenosos centrales
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Daniele Porto Barros, Priscilla Sete de Carvalho Onofre, Fernando Luiz Affonso Fonseca, Paulo César Pires Rosa, Mavilde da Luz Gonçalves Pedreira, and Maria Angélica Sorgini Peterlini
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Catheter-Related Infections ,Drug Stability ,Infusions, Intravenous ,Vancomycin ,Heparin ,Nursing ,Infecções Relacionadas a Cateter ,Estabilidade de Medicamentos ,Infusões Intravenosas ,Vancomicina ,Heparina ,Enfermagem ,Infecciones Relacionadas con Catéteres ,Estabilidad de Medicamentos ,Infusiones Intravenosas ,Enfermería - Abstract
Objetivo:verificar la estabilidad del clorhidrato de vancomicina en soluciones de sellado antimicrobiano solo y combinado con heparina sódica según la temperatura y el tiempo de combinación.Método:estudio experimental diseñado para analizar el potencial de hidrógeno y la concentración por cromatografía líquida de alta resolución de soluciones de clorhidrato de vancomicina (n=06) y de clorhidrato de vancomicina y heparina sódica (n=06). Las soluciones estudiadas fueron sometidas a ausencia de luz, 22°C y 37°C. Se realizaron análisis por triplicado (n=192) en el momento inicial (T0), a las tres (T3), ocho (T8) y 24 horas (T24) después de la preparación. Los datos fueron sometidos a análisis de varianza (p≤0,05).Resultados:la concentración de antimicrobiano a 22°C mostró una reducción (T0-T8) y un posterior aumento (T24); el potencial de hidrógeno disminuyó significativamente con el tiempo. A 37°C, la concentración aumentó hasta T3 y disminuyó en T24, el potencial de hidrógeno disminuyó hasta las 24 horas. La concentración de las soluciones de clorhidrato de vancomicina y heparina sódica mostró variación con la reducción a 22°C acompañada de un aumento del potencial de hidrógeno. Mediante inspección visual se observó la formación de un precipitado al combinar clorhidrato de vancomicina y heparina sódica (T3).Conclusión:el clorhidrato de vancomicina (5 mg/ml) presentó evidencia de estabilidad farmacológica e incompatibilidad física con la heparina sódica (100 UI/ml) después de las tres horas de haberse realizado la combinación en las soluciones de sellado antimicrobiano estudiadas. Objetivo:verificar a estabilidade do cloridrato de vancomicina em soluções de selo antimicrobiano sem e com associação de heparina sódica segundo a temperatura e tempo de associação.Método:estudo experimental delineado para análise de potencial hidrogeniônico e concentração por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência de soluções de cloridrato de vancomicina (n=06) e cloridrato de vancomicina e heparina sódica (n=06). Submeteram-se as soluções estudadas à ausência de luz, 22°C e 37°C. Análises em triplicadas (n=192) ocorreram no momento inicial (T0), três (T3), oito (T8) e 24 horas (T24) após preparo. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância (p≤0,05). Resultados:a concentração do antimicrobiano a 22°C apresentou redução (T0-T8) e posterior elevação (T24); o potencial hidrogeniônico diminuiu significativamente ao longo do tempo. Em 37°C a concentração aumentou em até T3 e reduziu em T24, com redução de potencial hidrogeniônico até 24 horas. A concentração das soluções de cloridrato de vancomicina e heparina sódica apresentaram variação com redução a 22°C acompanhada de aumento de potencial hidrogeniônico. Observou-se formação de precipitado por inspeção visual da associação cloridrato de vancomicina e heparina sódica (T3).Conclusão:evidenciou-se estabilidade farmacológica do cloridrato de vancomicina (5 mg/mL) e incompatibilidade física com heparina sódica (100 UI/mL) após três horas de associação nas soluções de selo antimicrobiano estudadas. Objective:to verify the stability of vancomycin hydrochloride in antimicrobial seal solutions with and without association of heparin sodium according to temperature and association time.Method:an experimental study designed for the analysis of hydrogenionic potential and concentration by means of high-efficiency liquid chromatography of vancomycin hydrochloride (n=06) and vancomycin hydrochloride and heparin sodium (n=06). The solutions studied were submitted to absence of light, as well as to 22°C and 37°C. Analyses in triplicate (n=192) were performed at the initial moment (T0) and three (T3), eight (T8) and 24 hours (T24) after preparation. The data were submitted to analysis of variance (p≤0.05).Results:concentration of the antimicrobial at 22°C presented a reduction (T0-T8) and a subsequent increase (T24); hydrogenionic potential decreased significantly over time. At 37°C, the concentration increased up to T3 and decreased at T24, with a reduction of hydrogenionic potential up to 24 hours. Concentration of the vancomycin hydrochloride and heparin sodium solutions varied with a reduction at 22°C, accompanied by increased hydrogenionic potential. Precipitate formation was observed by visual inspection of the vancomycin hydrochloride-heparin sodium association (T3).Conclusion:pharmacological stability of vancomycin hydrochloride (5 mg/mL) and physical incompatibility with heparin sodium (100 IU/mL) were evidenced after three hours of association in the antimicrobial seal solutions studied.
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- 2022
7. Tratamiento dental en paciente con enfermedad cardiaca y uso de warfarina
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Zurita, Atilio and Ortega Zurita, Carlos
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Bridging Therapy ,Heparin ,Thromboembolism ,Bleeding ,Heparina ,pre heart attack ,Warfarin ,Tromboembolismo ,Warfarina ,Terapia Puente ,Sangrado ,Preinfarto - Abstract
Dental treatment in people with cardiac disorders such as pre-infarction or valve surgeries, who use anticoagulants such as warfarin and have poor oral hygiene should be planned from the beginning between the dentist, specialists and even doctors (cardiologists, hematologists, surgeons, etc.). Substituting warfarin for low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) as bridging therapy in the case of multiple extractions is the best alternative to avoid complications of heavy bleeding and/or thromboembolism. In this case the best choice was the use of Enoxaparin. The use of antibiotics also contributes to the success of the treatment, avoiding infections after the surgical procedure and even more so if the patient has pre-existing conditions. Precaution with appropriate therapeutic protocols the integrity of the patient before, during and after performing multiple extractions; thus avoiding abundant bleeding, possible postoperative infection and/or systemic decompensation. A 67-year-old male patient with 2 pre-infarctions and heart valve surgery with poor oral hygiene requires: prophylaxis, removal of dental calculus and multiple extractions to subsequently execute total upper acrylic dental prostheses and lower cobalt chrome prostheses to improve aesthetics and chewing function. Two weeks after the multiple extractions, the prosthetic area is in excellent condition and dental prostheses with excellent adaptability, stability, functionality and good aesthetics could be made. Applying bridging therapy with enoxaparin was the best alternative to avoid profuse bleeding and/or formation of thromboembolism that could lead to systemic complications for the patient. El tratamiento dental en personas con alteraciones cardíacas como preinfarto o cirugías valvulares, que emplean anticoagulantes como la warfarina y presentan mala higiene bucal debe planificarse desde el inicio entre el odontólogo, especialistas e inclusive médicos (cardiólogos, hematólogos, cirujanos, etc.). La sustitución de la warfarina por una heparina de bajo peso molecular (HBPM) como terapia puente en el caso de múltiples extracciones es la mejor alternativa para evitar complicaciones de sangrado abundante o tromboembolismo. En este caso la mejor elección fue el uso de la enoxaparina. La utilización de antibióticos contribuye también al éxito del tratamiento evitando infecciones posteriores al procedimiento quirúrgico y más si el paciente presenta afecciones preexistentes. Precautelar con protocolos terapéuticos adecuados la integridad del paciente antes, durante y después de realizarle las extracciones múltiples; evitando así sangrado abundante, posible infección posoperatoria y/o descompensación sistémica. Paciente masculino de 67 años con dos preinfartos y cirugía valvular cardíaca con mala higiene oral requiere realizarse: profilaxis, remoción de cálculo dental y extracciones múltiples para posteriormente ejecutar prótesis dentaria total de acrílico superior y prótesis cromo cobalto inferior para mejorar estética y función masticatoria. Luego de dos semanas posteriores a las extracciones múltiples, el terreno protésico se encuentra en excelentes condiciones y se pudo realizar prótesis dentarias con excelente adaptabilidad, estabilidad, funcionalidad y buena estética. Aplicar la terapia puente con enoxaparina fue la mejor alternativa para evitar sangrado profuso o formación de tromboembolismo que pudo conllevar a complicaciones sistémicas para el paciente.
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- 2022
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8. Eficacia de la terapia citrato-calcio frente a la anticoagulación con heparina en terapias continuas de reemplazo renal
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Vara Mayo, Paula, Vidal Martínez, Sandra, Martínez Rodríguez, María, and Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Facultade de Enfermaría
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Continuous renal replacement therapy ,Heparin ,Anticoagulación ,Heparina ,Effectiveness ,Acute kidney injury ,Anticoagulation ,Paciente crítico ,Eficacia ,Citrato ,Terapia de reemplazo renal continua ,Insuficiencia renal aguda ,Critically ill patient ,Citrate - Abstract
Traballo Fin de Grao en Enfermaría. Curso 2021-2022 INTRODUCCIÓN: La insuficiencia renal aguda (IRA) es el deterioro brusco de la función renal, una complicación habitual de los pacientes ingresados en UCI, de los cuales, un 40-50% se pueden ver afectados y cuya mortalidad se sitúa entre el 40-70%. El tratamiento de elección para estos pacientes, es la terapia de reemplazo renal continua (TRRC), que consiste en la depuración sanguínea extracorpórea de manera continua, sin interrupciones, las 24 horas del día, siendo su objetivo principal sustituir la función renal. Aunque existen diversas modalidades de TRRC, la más utilizada en UCI es la hemofiltración veno-venosa continua (HFVVC). Uno de los problemas más frecuentes que presentan este tipo de terapias es la coagulación del circuito, por ello, se debe realizar una correcta anticoagulación, evitando que este se coagule. OBJETIVO: Evaluar la eficacia de la anticoagulación con citrato cálcico frente a la heparina en la terapia de reemplazo renal continua en pacientes críticos. METODOLOGÍA: se ha realizado una revisión sistemática, a través del método Prisma, de la bibliografía existente en las diversas bases de datos consultadas (Pubmed, Cochrane library, Scielo, Medes, Dialnet, WOS y Sciencedirect), que ha sido publicada en los últimos 10 años. RESULTADOS: se obtuvieron un total de 278 artículos, de los cuales, tras realizar una lectura crítica mediante los métodos CASPe y STROBE, se han seleccionado 9 artículos para incluir en la revisión. Los pacientes que recibieron TRRC con anticoagulación de citrato, mostraron mayor supervivencia del filtro y menores complicaciones hemorrágicas, a pesar de presentar con mayor frecuencia, trastornos metabólicos leves. CONCLUSIONES: La anticoagulación con citrato cálcico demostró ser más efectiva y segura que la anticoagulación con heparina en las TRRC en pacientes críticos, ya que este método anticoagulante prolonga de forma significativa la vida útil del filtro y reduce de manera considerable el riesgo de sangrado. INTRODUCIÓN: A insuficiencia renal aguda (IRA) é o deterioro brusco da función renal, unha complicación habitual dos pacientes ingresados na UCI, dos cales, un 40-50% pódense ver afectados e cuxa mortalidade se sitúa entre o 40-70%. O tratamento de elección para estes pacientes, é a terapia de reemplazo renal continua (TRRC), que consiste na depuración sanguínea extracorpórea de maneira continua, sen interrupcións, as 24 horas do día, sendo o seu obxectivo principal substituír a función renal. Aínda que existen diversas modalidades de TRRC, a mais utilizada na UCI é a hemofiltración veno-venosa continua (HFVVC). Un dos problemas mais frecuentes que presentan este tipo de terapias é a coagulación do circuíto, polo tanto, débese realizar unha correcta anticoagulación, evitando que este se coagule. OBXECTIVO: Avaliar a eficacia da anticoagulación con citrato cálcico fronte a heparina na terapia de reemplazo renal continua nos pacientes críticos. METODOLOXÍA: realizouse unha revisión sistemática, a través do método Prisma, da bibliografía existente nas diversas bases de datos consultadas (Pubmed, Cochrane library, Scielo, Medes, Dialnet, WOS y Sciencedirect), que foron publicadas nos últimos 10 anos. RESULTADOS: obtivéronse un total de 278 artigos, dos cales, tras realizar unha lectura crítica mediante os métodos CASPe e ESTROBE, seleccionáronse 9 artigos para incluír na revisión. Os pacientes que recibiron TRRC con anticoagulación de citrato, mostraron maior supervivencia do filtro e menores complicacións hemorráxicas, a pesar de presentar con maior frecuencia, trastornos metabólicos leves. CONCLUSIÓNS: A anticoagulación con citrato cálcico demostrou ser mais efectiva e segura que a anticoagulación con heparina nas TRRC nos pacientes críticos, xa que este método anticoagulante prolonga de forma significativa a vida útil do filtro e reduce de maneira considerable o risco de sangrado. INTRODUCTION: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a sudden deterioration of renal function. This is a common complication seen in patients admitted to the ICU, of which 40-50% may be affected and whose mortality is between 40-70%. Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is the treatment of choice for these patients. This therapy entails continuous extracorporeal blood purification without interruptions, 24 hours a day, with the main goal of replacing renal function. Although there are various modalities of CRRT, the most used in the ICU is continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH). One of the most frequent problems presented by this type of therapies is circuit coagulation, which is why correct anticoagulation must be carried out to prevent clotting. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of anticoagulation with calcium citrate versus heparin in continuous renal replacement therapy in critically ill patients. METHODOLOGY: A systematic review has been conducted through the Prisma method of the existing bibliography in various consulted databases (Pubmed, Cochrane library, Scielo, Medes, Dialnet, WOS and Sciencedirect), which has been published in the last 10 years. RESULTS: A total of 278 articles were obtained. After critical reading using the CASPe and STROBE methods, 9 of these articles were selected to be included in the review. Patients who received CRRT with citrate anticoagulation presented a greater filter survival and fewer hemorrhage complications, despite presenting mild metabolic disorders more frequently. CONCLUSIONS: Calcium citrate anticoagulation proved to be more effective and safer than heparin anticoagulation in CRRT in critically ill patients, since this anticoagulant method significantly prolongs the filter’s life and considerably reduces the risk of bleeding.
- Published
- 2022
9. Venous thromboembolic disease in obstetrics
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Rivas- Perdomo Édgar and Rojas-Súarez José Antonio
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Venous thrombosis ,Pregnancy ,Heparin ,Hypercoagulability ,Thrombophilia. ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Introduction: Venous thromboembolic diseases in obstetrics include superficial veinthrombosis, deep vein thrombosis, thrombosis of the ovarian veins, pelvic sepsis andpulmonary thromboembolism.Objective: to review risk factors, diagnosis and treatment of venous thromboembolicdisease in obstetric patients.Methodology: we performed a thematic review including clinical and epidemiologicalstudies, systematic reviews, consensus, expert meetings, clinical guidelines andprotocols of venous thromboembolic disease in pregnancy. We searched PubMed,ScienceDirect, OvidSP and Scielo databases, from 2000 to 2011 for articles in Englishand Spanish.Results: The search yielded 214 studies; seventy six met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed. There are well- known risk factors for the development of venousthromboembolic disease in pregnant women, there are also clinical tests to identifywomen at risk of DVT and imaging studies that provide different percentages ofsensitivity and specificity; perfusion scintigraphy is a good and safe tool to be usedin pregnant women. Early diagnosis should be followed by an early and appropriatetherapeutic action, usually LMWH that has replaced the use of UFH.Conclusions: the presence of risk factors for venous thromboembolic disease must beidentified in the whole pregnant population and, according to findings, make therapeuticor pharmacological actions.RESUMEN:Introducción: la Enfermedad Tromboembólica Venosa (ETV) incluyen: trombosisvenosa superficial, venosa profunda, de las venas ováricas, pélvica séptica y el tromboembolismo pulmonar.Objetivo: realizar revisión sobre factores de riesgo, diagnóstico, manejo y tratamientode ETV en pacientes obstétricas.Metodología: revisión temática que incluye estudios clínicos y epidemiológicos,revisiones sistemáticas, temáticas, consensos, reuniones de expertos, guías clínicasy protocolos sobre ETV en el embarazo. Revisadas las bases de datos PubMed,ScienceDirect, OvidSP y Scielo, durante los años 2000 y 2011, en los idiomas inglés yespañol.Resultados: la búsqueda arrojó 214 estudios. 76 cumplieron con los criterios de inclusióny fueron revisados. Existe una buena aproximación a los factores de riesgo parael desarrollo de ETV en mujeres gestantes. Existe un test clínico para identificar mujerescon riesgo de TVP. Existen estudios de imagen que ofrecen diferentes porcentajes desensibilidad y especificidad. La gammagrafía por perfusión es una buena y seguraherramienta en la mujer gestante. El diagnóstico temprano debe ser seguido de unatemprana y adecuada acción terapéutica. HBPM ha reemplazado el uso de la HNF.Conclusiones: se debe identificar la presencia de factores de riesgo en toda lapoblación gestante, de acuerdo a los hallazgos; realizar medidas terapéuticas generaleso farmacológicas.
- Published
- 2012
10. Descripción de un brote de bacteriemia por Leclercia adecarboxylata probablemente asociado al uso de viales contaminados de heparina An outbreak of Leclercia adecarboxylata bacteremia likely associated to contaminated heparin vials
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Ana Lucía Correa, Luz María Mazo, Mónica Patricia Valderrama, Alejandra Restrepo, and Fabián Jaimes
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heparina ,Leclercia adecarboxylata ,bacteriemia ,brote ,heparin ,L. adecarboxylata ,bacteremia ,outbreak ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Leclercia adecarboxylata es una enterobacteriácea reportada ocasionalmente como un germen oportunista que compromete pacientes con algún tipo de inmunosupresión como neutropenia, cirrosis o cáncer. Se reporta un brote de cinco casos de bacteriemia por L. adecarboxylata en pacientes con diversas condiciones de inmunosupresión, probablemente asociado con el uso de viales de heparina contaminados. Se hace una revisión actualizada de la literatura y una discusión sobre los aspectos particulares del brote y del microorganismo.Leclercia adecarboxylata is part of the Enterobacteriaceae family occasionally reported as an opportunist microorganism in patients with any kind of immunosuppression as neutropenia, cirrhosis or cancer. We report an outbreak with five cases of Leclercia adecarboxylata bacteremia in patients with several immune conditions, most likely associated to contaminated heparin vials. We also present an updated literature review and discussion regarding the particular characteristics of the outbreak and the microorganism.
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- 2012
11. Pronóstico materno y perinatal en el embarazo con deficiencia del factor XII
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Amelia Vizcaíno M, Milagros Cruz M, Encarnación Arévalo R, and Ana María Fernández A
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Embarazo ,factor XII ,trombosis ,abortos recurrentes ,heparina ,Pregnancy ,factor XII deficiency ,thrombosis ,recurrent abortion ,heparin ,Gynecology and obstetrics ,RG1-991 - Abstract
Antecedentes: El déficit de factor XII es una enfermedad poco frecuente, relacionada con trombosis y abortos a repetición. Objetivo: Evaluar el resultado materno y perinatal en 25 embarazadas con déficit del factor XII. Métodos: Estudio observacional descriptivo de 25 embarazadas (27 gestaciones) con esta patología desde enero 2005 a junio de 2011. Resultados: La asociación de alteración del factor XII con otras trombofilias hereditarias o adquiridas es frecuente. En 24 mujeres se obtuvieron gestaciones exitosas, con sólo 3 abortos. Hubo 20 partos a término, con recién nacidos con peso y Apgar adecuado. Se registró un caso de restricción de crecimiento intrauterino. No hubo complicaciones médicas. Se utilizaron en todas las embarazadas antiagregantes y/o antitrombóticos como tratamiento. El fármaco utilizado más frecuente fue la heparina de bajo peso molecular, asociada en ocasiones al ácido acetilsalicílico. No hubo complicaciones por el uso de heparina de bajo peso molecular. Conclusiones: El control multidisciplinar del embarazo y el tratamiento individualizado ha conseguido en esta patología buenos resultados maternos y neonatales.Background: The factor XII deficiency is a rare disease related with thrombosis and recurrent pregnancy loss. Objective: To evaluate maternal and perinatal outcome in 25 pregnant women with deficiency of factor XII. Methods: An observational descriptive study of 25 women with factor XII deficiency and pregnancy (27 pregnancies) between January 2005 and March 2011. Results: The association with other inherited or acquired thrombophilia is common. 24 women have achieved successful pregnancies and only 3 miscarriages. There were 20 women with deliveries at term, with appropiate birth weight and Apgar test. There was one case of intrauterine growth restriction. There were no medical complications. The treatment used was antiplatelet and/or antithrombotic agents in all cases. The most used drug was low molecular weight heparin, sometimes associated to acetylsalicylic acid. Conclusions: A multidisciplinary control of the pregnancy and an individualized treatment has achieved good maternal and neonatal outcomes.
- Published
- 2012
12. Heparina intermitente não é eficaz em impedir a retirada por obstrução de cateteres centrais inseridos perifericamente em recém-nascidos de termo e prematuros Intermittent heparin is not effective at preventing the occlusion of peripherally inserted central venous catheters in preterm and term neonates
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Orlei Ribeiro de Araujo, Milena Corrêa Araujo, Jane Sousa e Silva, and Marcella Mathias de Barros
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Heparina ,Recém-nascido ,Cuidados críticos ,Cuidados de enfermagem ,Cateteres de demora ,Heparin ,Infant, newborn ,Critical care ,Nursing care ,Catheters, indwelling ,Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid ,RC86-88.9 - Abstract
OBJETIVO: Verificar se a heparina em lavagens intermitentes é eficaz em reduzir oclusões de cateteres centrais inseridos perifericamente em recém-nascidos. MÉTODOS: Estudo randomizado, aberto, controlado, prospectivo. Os recém-nascidos foram alocados em dois grupos para receber lavagens ("flushes") com 0,5 mL da solução de heparina 10UI/mL (Grupo 1, n = 64) ou com 0,5 mL de salina (Grupo 2, n = 69), a cada 4 horas através do cateter central inserido perifericamente. Foram realizadas manobras de desobstrução por pressão negativa ("3-way stopcock method") nos casos de oclusão. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos 133 recém-nascidos. Não houve diferença significativa no número de oclusões inéditas entre os grupos (26 no grupo 1, ou 31/1000 dias de cateter; 36 no grupo 2, ou 36/1000 dias de cateter, P = 0,19). No grupo 1, 5 cateteres apresentaram 9 recidivas da obstrução, após uma tentativa de desobstrução bem sucedida. No grupo 2, 19 cateteres apresentaram 40 recidivas (P OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of intermittent 10 U/mL heparin flushes in reducing the occlusion of peripherally inserted central catheters in neonates. METHODS: In this randomized, open-label, prospective, controlled study, neonates were allocated either to receive 0.5 mL flushes of heparin (Group 1: n = 64) or saline (Group 2: n = 69) every 4 hours. Actions were taken to restore patency by using negative pressure (3-way stopcock method) in cases of occlusion. RESULTS: A total of 133 neonates were included. No significant intergroup difference was observed in the number of new occlusions (26 in Group 1, or 31/1,000 catheter-days; 36 in Group 2, or 36/1,000 catheter-days; P = 0.19). In Group 1, 5 catheters had 9 recurrent obstructions after successful clearance maneuvers. In Group 2, 19 catheters had 40 relapses (P < 0.0001), showing heparin's protective role against recurrence of obstruction (Relative Risk = 0.36). However, heparin failed to prevent catheter withdrawal due to permanent occlusion (3 catheters in Group 1 and 8 in Group 2; P = 0.24). CONCLUSION: Intermittent heparin is not effective for preventing the occlusion of peripherally inserted central catheters in neonates but reduces relapses when clearance maneuvers were successful
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- 2011
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13. Old and New anticoagulants: The beginning of a new era?
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Fidel Cáceres Loriga and Aida Crespo Guerra
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Anticoagulants ,thrombosis ,warfarina ,heparin ,rivaroxaban ,dabigatran ,fondaparinux. ,Internal medicine ,RC31-1245 ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
Use of coumarin and heparin for more than sixty years, has been an effective and powerfulmedical tool for treatment and prevention of thromboembolic diseases, tarnished nevertheless,by their little security and laboratory controls which are frequently needed. Such reasonsmake for an effective challenge and an active field, searching the ideal anticoagulant inscientific investigation, drugs to inhibit specific clot factors, able to exclude the weak pointsof the available ones is its goal. In this article, we consider physiopathology for thrombi formationand we review too the history, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic properties ofold anticoagulants drugs, their limitations, just when new anticoagulants drugs haveemerged as inhibitors of thrombin or Xa factor, whose effectiveness and security are beingcontrasted with the traditional ones in wide programs of current execution with atrial fibrillationand coronary syndromes included, and they could potentially substitute the old ones ina near future.
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- 2011
14. Trombocitopenia y trombosis inducida por heparina Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and thrombosis
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Rosario Ruiz Domínguez and Alberto Andrade Anagua
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heparina ,trombocitopenia inducida por heparina ,trombosis ,anticuerpos anti factor plaquetario 4 ,Heparin ,heparin-induced thrombocytopenia ,thrombosis ,4-antiplatelet factor antibodies ,Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs ,RC633-647.5 ,Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Abstract
Se determinó la relación entre trombocitopenia inducida por heparina (TIH) y el desarrollo de eventos tromboembólicos en pacientes internados en el Hospital Obrero No. 1 de La Paz, Bolivia. Se hizo un estudio de corte, longitudinal y prospectivo, con seguimiento, a 258 pacientes internados en los departamentos de Medicina Interna y Cirugía Cardiovascular del Hospital Obrero No. 1 de la Caja Nacional de Salud. La frecuencia de presentación de TIH fue del 8,5 %, con una media de presentación a los 8 días, sin que se encontrara asociación estadísticamente significativa entre TIH y complicaciones tromboembólicas (p< 0,05).To determine the relation between heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) as well as the development of thromboembolism events in patients admitted in Hospital Obrero No. 1, La Paz, Bolivia. A cross-sectional and prospective study was conducted with follow-up in 258 patients admitted in Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Surgery departments of No. 1 Worker Hospital of Health National Fund. The HIT frequency of presentation was of 8.5 % with a mean of presentation at 8 days without statistically significant association between HIT and the thromboembolism complications (p< 0.05).
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- 2010
15. Embolia pulmonar: registro multicêntrico da prática clínica em hospitais terciários Pulmonary embolism: multicenter registry in tertiary hospitals
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André Volschan, Denílson Campos de Albuquerque, Bernardo Rangel Tura, Marcos de Freitas Knibel, Paulo César Pereira da Silva e Souza, and Maria Luiza Toscano
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Embolia pulmonar ,Heparina ,Tomografia computadorizada por raios-x ,Pulmonary embolism ,Heparin ,Tomography, X-ray computed ,Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid ,RC86-88.9 - Abstract
INTRODUÇÃO: O perfil clínico e as estratégias diagnósticas e terapêuticas nos pacientes com embolia pulmonar demonstram a prática clínica na abordagem da doença. Essas informações, escassas nos estudos nacionais, possibilitam melhor conhecimento da embolia pulmonar. MÉTODOS: Estudo multicêntrico de 727 pacientes admitidos em unidades de emergência ou terapia intensiva, com o diagnóstico de embolia pulmonar confirmado por um ou mais dos seguintes exames: arteriografia pulmonar angiotomografia computadorizada helicoidal angioressonância magnética, ecodopplercardiograma, cintilografia pulmonar ou duplex-scan venoso. Dados demográficos, comorbidades, manifestações clínicas e métodos complementares foram analisados. RESULTADOS: A média de idade foi 68 anos, sendo 42% homens. Os fatores de risco mais prevalentes foram: idade > 40 anos, repouso no leito e neoplasia. A dispnéia, taquipnéia, taquicardia, dor torácica, foram as manifestações clínicas mais frequentes. O eletrocardiograma apresentou alterações em 30%, a radiografia de tórax em 45%, o duplex-scan venoso em 69% e o ecodopplercardiograma em 37%. O D-dímero a troponina e a CKMB foram positivos em respectivamente 93, 9 e 8%. Os métodos mais utilizados para o diagnóstico foram: tomografia computadorizada: 47%, duplex-scan venoso: 14% e cintilografia pulmonar: 14%. As formas mais freqüentes de tratamento foram: heparina não fracionada 50%, heparina de baixo peso molecular 30% e trombolítico 12%. A mortalidade intra-hospitalar foi de 19,5%. CONCLUSÕES: Observou-se que a idade > 40 anos, imobilização prolongada e neoplasia foram os fatores de risco de maior prevalência e a dispnéia a apresentação clínica mais freqüente. A angiotomografia computadorizada helicoidal foi o método mais utilizado para o diagnóstico e a heparina não fracionada a principal forma de tratamento.INTRODUCTION: The clinical profile as well as the therapeutic and diagnostic strategies for patients with pulmonary embolism, describes clinical practice in the approach of the disease. Such information, scarce in national studies, enables a better understanding of pulmonary embolism. METHODS: A multicenter trial included 727 patients with pulmonary embolism who were admitted in emergency or intensive care unit. Diagnostic criteria for inclusion were: 1. Visibility of thrombus in the pulmonary artery at pulmonary arteriography, helical computer tomography, magnetic resonance or echocardiogram. 2. High probability at pulmonary scintigraphy. 3. Venous duplex-scan with thrombus and clinical manifestations of pulmonary embolism. Clinical and complementary exams were analyzed. RESULTS: Mean age was 68 years, 42% were male. Most prevalent risk factors were: age>40 years, bed rest and neoplasm. More frequent signs and symptoms were: dyspnea, tachypnea, sinus tachycardia, and chest pain. Changes were observed at electrocardiogram in 30%, at chest X-ray in 45%, at venous duplex-scan in 67%, at transthoracic echocardiogram in 37%. . D-dimer, troponin I and CKMB were positive in, respectively, 93, 9 and 8%. Most frequently used methods to confirm diagnosis were helical computer tomography and non-fractioned heparin was the treatment most used. In-hospital mortality was 19.5%. CONCLUSIONS: It was observed that age>40 years, prolonged rest and neoplasms were the most prevalent risk factors and dyspnea and tachypnea were the more frequent clinical manifestations. Helical computer tomography was the most often used method to confirm diagnosis and non-fractioned heparin was the main form of treatment.
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- 2009
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16. Antitrombóticos nas síndromes coronarianas agudas: diretrizes atuais e novas evidências Antithrombotics in acute coronary syndromes: actual guidelines and new evidences
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Luiz Eduardo Fonteles Ritt, Uri Prync Flato, Hélio Penna Guimarães, Álvaro Avezum, and Leopoldo Soares Piegas
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antitrombóticos ,bivalirudina ,fondaparinux ,enoxaparina ,heparina ,antithrombotics ,bivalirudin ,enoxaparin ,heparin ,Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid ,RC86-88.9 - Abstract
JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: As s��ndromes coronarianas agudas (SCA) estão entre as principais causas de admissão em unidades de terapia intensiva (UTI). Novos fármacos vêem sendo desenvolvidos para o manuseio das SCA. O uso combinado destes medicamentos tem reduzido de forma considerável a morbimortalidade desta síndrome, no entanto seus efeitos adversos ou mesmo seu manuseio incorreto podem levar à maior incidência de sangramento. O objetivo deste estudo foi apresentar os principais aspectos terapêuticos, indicações e manuseio dos fármacos em síndromes coronárias agudas. MÉTODO: Foi realizada uma busca por artigos originais cruzando os unitermos acute coronary syndromes e antitrombotic therapy na base de dados -MedLine; busca de artigos e diretrizes nacionais e internacionais no endereço eletrônico: http://sumsearch.uthscsa.edu. RESULTADOS: No tratamento de angina instável e infarto sem supradesnivelamento de ST, a enoxaparina mostrou-se tão eficaz quanto à heparina não fracionada (HNF) e de manuseio mais simples (estudos SYNERGY e A a Z). Neste cenário, o fondaparinux também não foi inferior à enoxaparina e; no entanto, promoveu menor taxa de sangramento (OASIS-5), a bivalirudina também foi não inferior combinada ou não à GPIIB/IIIa comparada a outras heparinas (ACUITY). No infarto com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST, a enoxaparina foi superior à HNF em pacientes submetidos à trombólise (EXTRACT TIMI 25), e no estudo OASIS 6, o fondaparinux foi superior à HNF em pacientes submetidos à trombólise e os não submetidos à reperfusão. CONCLUSÕES: A correta administração das doses dos antitrombóticos e a escolha individualizada da combinação de fármacos são imprescindíveis para a redução de óbito e eventos cardiovasculares maiores, reduzindo o desconfortável risco de sangramento adicional.BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) are one of the most common causes of ICU admissions. New drugs have been developed for management of ACS. These drugs reduced morbidity and mortality; however their adverse effects or their incorrect use may cause excessive bleeding. The objective of this review is to present the principal peculiarities, doses, and indications of these drugs in ACS settings. METHODS: Original articles were retrieved crossing the terms acute coronary syndromes and antithrombotic therapy in the MedLine database as well as search for Brazilian and international guidelines in http://sumsearch.uthscsa.edu. RESULTS: In the treatment of acute coronary syndromes with non-ST-segment elevation enoxaparin was as efficient as UFH, but with a simpler management (SYNERGY and A to Z studies). In this same setting, fondaparinux was non inferior to enoxaparin and had lesser bleedings (OASIS 5), bivalirudin, combined or not with GPIIbIIIa blockers, was not inferior when compared with other heparins (ACUITY). In ST-segment elevation ACS, enoxaparin was superior to HNF in patients treated with fibrinolysis (EXTRACT TIMI 25); in OASIS 6 fondaparinux was superior to UFH in patients treated with thrombolytic therapy and not submitted to reperfusion. CONCLUSIONS: The correct management and individual combination of antithrombotic drugs are mandatory for decreased mortality and of major cardiovascular events, reducing the undesirable risk of additional bleeding.
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- 2008
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17. Characteristics of patients receiving heparin: grounds for safe care nursing/Caracteristicas dos pacientes que receberam heparina sodica: fundamentando um cuidado de enfermagem seguro/Caracteristicas de los pacientes que recibieron heparina sodica: basando un cuidado de enfermeria seguro
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Camerini, Flavia Giron and da Silva, Lolita Dopico
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- 2014
18. Anticoagulación y sepsis, la oportunidad para un nuevo uso de la heparina?
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Fabián Jaimes and Gisela de la Rosa
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sepsis ,blood coagulation ,inflammation ,heparin ,disseminated intravascular coagulation ,shock ,septic ,Medicine ,Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ,RC955-962 - Abstract
La sepsis es una causa importante de morbilidad y mortalidad alrededor del mundo, y la magnitud del problema parece mayor en los países en desarrollo. En las últimas dos décadas, el tratamiento estándar sólo ha resultado en una disminución discreta de la mortalidad, y esa disminución ha sido opacada por un incremento de casi 300% en su incidencia. Recientemente se ha documentado la relación estrecha entre la infección, la inflamación y la coagulación en la sepsis; y, aunque la coagulación intravascular diseminada puede ocurrir en sólo 30% a 50% de los pacientes, la activación de la cascada de la coagulación es una respuesta temprana y común ante casi cualquier reto infeccioso. Así mismo, la mayoría de las moléculas involucradas en el estado procoagulante que caracteriza la sepsis son también amplificadores o generadores de la respuesta inflamatoria. Estos hallazgos han impulsado la investigación de productos biológicos con actividad anticoagulante como terapia adicional para pacientes con los estados más graves del síndrome de sepsis. Esta revisión explica los aspectos biológicos y moleculares que soportan el uso potencial de los tratamientos anticoagulantes en sepsis, y analiza la evidencia experimental y de estudios preclínicos que sugiere la utilidad de la heparina como un tratamiento complementario eficaz en todos los estados clínicos de la entidad.
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- 2006
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19. Variability in the clinical practice of maintaining the patency of peripheral intravenous catheters Variabilidad en la práctica clínica del mantenimiento de la permeabilidad de catéteres venosos periféricos
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Julio Cabrero, M. Isabel Orts, M. Luisa López-Coig, M. Luisa Velasco, and Miguel Richart
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Variabilidad de la práctica clínica ,Práctica de enfermería basada en la evidencia ,Catéteres venosos periféricos ,Heparina ,Práctica de enfermería ,Variation in clinical practice ,Evidence-based nursing practice ,Peripheral intravenous catheters ,Heparin ,Nursing practice ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Objective: To establish variations in clinical practice associated with maintaining the patency of peripheral intravenous catheters (PIC) and to determine to what extent such clinical practice falls within the limits of the available scientific evidence, based on a random sample of Spanish public hospitals. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive study was carried out in non-psychiatric public hospitals and their associated medical and surgical units. Cluster (hospitals), stratified (hospital size), and single-stage (all units) sampling was applied. A questionnaire was mailed to all of the units involved. Results: A sample of 341 valid questionnaires was analysed (response rate 54.5%). Only one praxis-modality was carried out in the majority of units. Intermittent flushing and heparin saline versus normal saline was the most frequent modality employed, over those of continuous flushing and non-heparinised saline. There was a high degree of variation in the quantity of heparin administered: 81.7% when flushing was carried out with heparinised saline and 48.2% when it was conducted with concentrated heparin. About 40% of this variation was associated with the hospital in question, rather than with the unit. The clinical practice fell within the limits of available scientific evidence in fewer than half of the units studied. Conclusions: There was a high degree of variability in the practice of maintaining PIC patency. A significant part of this variation was attributable to the hospital in which the practice was carried out. Moreover, most of this practice was carried out beyond the limits of available scientific evidence.Objetivo: Determinar la variabilidad de la práctica clínica en el mantenimiento de la permeabilidad de los catéteres venosos periféricos en una muestra aleatoria de hospitales españoles y determinar en qué medida esta práctica se realiza dentro del rango de la evidencia disponible. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo y transversal. Ámbito y población: Hospitales públicos no psiquiátricos del Sistema Nacional de Salud y sus unidades médicas o quirúrgicas. Se realizó un muestreo por conglomerados (hospitales) estratificado (tamaño de los hospitales) y monoetápico (todas las unidades). Las variables se recogieron mediante un cuestionario administrado por correo postal. Resultados: Se recibieron 341 cuestionarios válidos (tasa de participación del 54,5%). En la mayoría de las unidades sólo se realiza una modalidad de la práctica. El lavado intermitente frente al lavado continuo y el suero salino con heparina frente al no heparinizado son las modalidades más frecuentes. Hay una elevada variabilidad en la cantidad de heparina administrada: el coeficiente de variación intercuartílico es del 81,7% si el suero es heparinizado y del 48,2% si es con una dilución de heparina dada. Alrededor del 40% de esta variabilidad es atribuible al hospital y no a la unidad. En menos de la mitad de las unidades la práctica se realiza de acuerdo con la evidencia actual. Conclusiones: Hay una gran variabilidad en la práctica del mantenimiento de la permeabilidad de los catéteres venosos periféricos. Una parte sustancial de esa variabilidad es incompatible con la evidencia actual, y una parte significativa de la variabilidad reside en el hospital donde se realiza la práctica.
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- 2005
20. Pregnancy-associated purpura fulminans (PF) Púrpura fulminans asociada al embarazo
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Gisela de la Rosa Echavez, Marisol Bedoya A., Martín E. Vásquez, Nora E. Saldarriaga Cartagena, Alvaro H. Restrepo C., Jorge Hernando Donado Gómez, Carlos A. Cadavid Gutiérrez, Alvaro M. Quintero Ossa, and Luis G. González P.
- Subjects
coagulación intravascular diseminada ,embarazo ,escherichia coli ,heparina ,proteína c ,púrpura fulminans ,disseminated intravascular coagulation ,heparin ,pregnancy ,protein c ,purpura fulminans ,Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
PF is a serious cutaneous purpuric disease, associated with an intravascular disseminated coagulation syndrome. Among its known causes, besides those of thrombophilia, are viral and bacterial infections, mostly Neisseria meningitidis. During pregnancy there are alterations in the hemostatic mechanism. However, by themselves, they have not been shown to lead to PF. The case of a 22-year-old woman who developed PF during pregnancy, presumably due to her Escherichia coli urinary tract infection, is presented including clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic and surgical aspects. She recovered but suffered amputation of the distant phalanges of three toes in the left foot La púrpura fulminans (pf) es una enfermedad cutánea purpúrica aguda asociada a un síndrome de coagulación intravascular diseminada (CID). Sus causas conocidas incluyen infecciones virales y bacterianas así como trombofilias. Es sabido que durante el embarazo existen alteraciones en los mecanismos hemostáticos, sin embargo, no se ha demostrado que estos fenómenos por sí solos ayuden al desarrollo de la PF. Se describe el caso de una mujer de 22 años, quien tuvo PF en circunstancias inusuales tales como el desarrollo de su cuadro durante el embarazo y el origen probable en una infección por E. coli. Se presentan los hallazgos clínicos, las intervenciones médicas y quirúrgicas y el desenlace. La paciente sobrevivió, pero hubo necesidad de amputarle las falanges distales de tres artejos del pie izquierdo.
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- 2005
21. Sensibilidad del tiempo parcial de tromboplastina activado a la deficiencia de factores VIII y IX Y a la heparina Sensitivity of the activated partial thromboplastin time to the deficiency of factors VIII and IX and heparin
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Alina Díaz Concepción, Delfina Almagro Vázquez, and Alberto Brito Martínez
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TIEMPO DE TROMBOPLASTINA PARCIAL ,FACTOR VIII ,FACTOR IX ,HEPARINA ,PARTIAL THROMBOPLASTIN TIME ,HEPARIN ,Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs ,RC633-647.5 ,Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Abstract
Se reevaluó el rango de referencia del tiempo parcial de tromboplastina activada (TPTA). Se obtuvo un rango de referencia de 29 a 40 seg. con una media () de 34,01 seg. Con nuestro sistema de reactivos se alcanzaron resultados aceptables en cuanto a la sensibilidad a diferentes niveles de actividad de los factores VIII y IX, se logró una alta correlación en ambos casos (r2 = 0,9842 y 0,9846, respectivamente) cuando se relacionó el TPTa con los diferentes niveles de actividad de los factores VIII y IX. Se obtuvo una respuesta lineal en el intervalo de actividad de heparina utilizado normalmente en la terapia (0,2 a 0,5 UI/mL) y se alcanó una buena respuesta a altas concentraciones de heparina (0,8 UI/mL), expresada por un valor finito del TPTa. Se corroboró la necesidad de alargar el tiempo de incubación con el activador a 10 min para mejorar la sensibilidad del ensayo a la heparinaThe reference range of the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) was reevaluated. A reference range from 29 to 40 seconds with a mean () of 34.01 sec. was obtained. By using our system of reagents, acceptable results were obtained as regards the sensitivity to different levels of activity of factors VIII and IX. A high correlation was attained in both cases (r2 = 0.9842 and 0.9846, respectively) when the APTT was associated with the different levels of activity of factors VIII and IX. A linear response was obtained in the interval of heparin activity commonly used in therapy (0.2 to 0.5 UI/mL) and a good response was attained at high concentrations of heparin (0.8 UI/mL) expressed by a finite value of APTT. The need to extend the incubation time with the activator to 10 min. to improve the sensitivity of the test to heparin was corroborated
- Published
- 2001
22. Effect of the coughing technique during subcutaneous heparin injection on pain severity and individual satisfaction.
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Yılmaz D, Ayhan D, Yılmaz DU, and Düzgün F
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- Humans, Anticoagulants, Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight, Pain Measurement, Prospective Studies, Time Factors, Contusions, Heparin
- Abstract
to examine the effect of the medium intensity coughing technique during subcutaneous low molecular weight heparin injection on pain severity and individual satisfaction in general surgery patients. the prospective, quasi-experimental study included 100 patients who had been prescribed a subcutaneous low molecular weight heparin injection once in 24 hours. Each patient received two injections by the same researcher, one using the standard injection technique with medium intensity coughing technique and the other only the standard injection technique. there was a statistically significant difference between patients' mean scores on pain severity and satisfaction levels after injections administered by the two techniques (p= 0.000). Also, it was found that gender affected pain severity relating to the injection but did not affect the level of individual satisfaction. the medium intensity coughing technique was found to reduce pain severity and increase patient satisfaction in general surgery patients receiving subcutaneous low molecular weight heparin injections. Trial registration: NCT05681338.
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- 2023
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23. Heparin and [Na.sub.2]EDTA as anticoagulants for hybrid surubim catfish (Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum x P. corruscans): efficacy and hematological changes/Heparina e [Na.sub.2]EDTA como anticoagulantes para surubim hibrido (Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum x P. corruscans): eficacia e alteracoes hematologicas
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Ishikawa, Marcia Mayumi, de Padua, Santiago Benites, Satake, Fabiana, Hisano, Hamilton, Jeronimo, Gabriela Tomas, and Martins, Mauricio Laterca
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- 2010
24. Asma y heparina
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Rafael Toirac Lamarque, Juan Gómez Torres, Doris Perdomo Leyva, and Ricardo Morales Larramendi
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HEPARINA ,ESTADO ASMATICO ,ASMA ,AGREGACION PLAQUETARIA ,ACTIVACION PLAQUETARIA ,EOSINOFILOS ,HEPARIN ,STATUS ASTHMATICUS ,ASTHMA ,PLATELET AGGREGATION ,PLATELET ACTIVATION ,EOSINOPHILS ,Medicine - Abstract
La literatura existente sobre el uso de la heparina en el tratamiento del estado del mal asmático, resulta contradictoria y no esclarece el problema. Al respecto se realizó una revisión bibliográfica en busca de puntos de contacto entre la fisiopatología del estado de mal asmático y la farmacología de la heparina, que permitiera explicar la eficacia que se le atribuye a este medicamento, muy conocido como anticoagulante, pero del que prácticamente se desconocen otras acciones en el tratamiento de esta afección. Existe estrecha relación entre el factor de activación plaquetario, los eosinófilos (con la proteína básica mayor que segregan) y la reacción asmática tardía, que es la causante del estado de mal asmático. Esta cadena podría ser la que la heparina antagonice con su acción antiagregante plaquetaria y neutralizadora de la proteína básica mayor y de ahí la utilidad de aplicarla en estos casos.The literature available on the use of heparin for the treatment of status asthmaticus appears to be contradictory and does not help to elucidate the problem. A review of the literature was made for searching the contact points between the pathophysiology of the status asthmaticus and heparin pharmacology, in order to explain the efficacy attributed to this well-known anticoagulant drug which actions in the treatment of this condition are not known. There is a close relationship between the platelet activating factor, eosinophils (with the major basic protein that they secrete) and the late asthmatic relation, which is the causative factor of status asthmaticus. This chain could be the one antagonised by heparin with its antiaggregating platelet action, and its neutralizing action of the major basic protein, thus being useful for the treatment of such cases.
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- 1996
25. Heparin solution in the prevention of occlusions in Hickman® catheters a randomized clinical trial
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Silva, Sandra Regina da, Reichembach, Mitzy Tannia, Pontes, Letícia, Paula e Silva Carneiro Mendes de Souza, Gisele de, and Kusma, Solena
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Enfermería Basada en la Evidencia ,Ensayo Clínico Controlado Aleatorio ,Catéteres Venosos Centrales ,Obstrucción del Catéter ,Heparina ,Cloruro de Sodio ,Enfermagem Baseada em Evidências ,Ensaio Clínico Controlado Randomizado ,Cateteres Venosos Centrais ,Obstrução do Cateter ,Cloreto de Sódio ,Evidence-Based Nursing ,Randomized Controlled Trial ,Central Venous Catheters ,Catheter Obstruction ,Heparin ,Sodium Chloride - Abstract
Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of the 50 IU/mLheparin solution compared to the 0.9% isotonic saline solutionin preventing occlusion of the double lumen Hickman®catheter, 7 and 9 French, in patients undergoing hematopoieticstem cell transplantation. Method: a triple-blind randomizedclinical trial. 17 double-lumen catheters (heparin group: n=7and 0.9% isotonic saline group: n=10) were analyzed inwhich the two catheter routes were evaluated separately,totaling 34 lumens. The outcome variables were occlusionwithout reflux and complete occlusion. Descriptive analyseswere performed using the Chi-square test and, of survival,according to the Kaplan-Meier test. Results: the mean numberof days until the occlusion outcome was 52 in the heparingroup and 13.46 in the 0.9% isotonic saline group in the whitecatheter route (p
- Published
- 2021
26. Manejo clínico de la gestante con pre-eclampsia y/o covid-19: reto diferencial en un posible espacio común
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Soto Labra, Nazaret, Piñón Díaz, María Josefa, and Universidade da Coruña. Facultade de Enfermaría e Podoloxía
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Trombosis ,Aspirin ,Embarazo ,Pregnancy ,Heparin ,Heparina ,COVID-19 ,Thrombosis ,Aspirina ,Preeclampsia - Abstract
[Resumen] Introducción: El COVID-19 es capaz de generar en la mujer embarazada una clínica similar a la PE, patología instaurada en nuestra sociedad desde hace años, con una etiología aún desconocida, pero con una prevalencia que ocupa el 10%. Tan semejante es la clínica que genera la infección en la gestante que, es capaz de producir un síndrome similar a la PE que se resuelve tras recuperarse la infección, también llamado “syndrome pre-eclampsia like”. Su tratamiento para la prevención de efectos tromboembólicos, es el mismo en ambas, con la necesidad de su implantación temprana en la gestante, ante el riesgo trombolítico que presenta la misma per sé gravídica. Se hace necesaria la investigación en torno a la diferenciación o captación de una falsa PE basada en hallazgos ecográficos y bioquímicos. Objetivo: Determinar los criterios definitorios y diferenciadores que existen entre la PE y Covid-19 en la gestante. Metodología: Revisión narrativa llevada a cabo entre los meses de febrero y abril del año 2021 en las siguientes bases de datos: PubMed, Cinahl y Scopus. Se ha accedido a la Biblioteca de la Consellería de Sanidade del Servizo Galego de Saúde: Bibliosaúde; y a la revista científica Anesthesia and Analgesia. Resultados: Se han obtenido 322 resultados. Tras su posterior eliminación de duplicados y cribado en función de los criterios de inclusión, exclusión y variables establecidas; se han utilizado 30 estudios de los totales. Conclusión: El aumento de la TA, proteinuria o lesión renal, afección hepática, disfunción uteroplacentaria y el estado de hipercoagulabilidad, se presentan como patologías coincidentes en la infección por SARS-CoV-2 y PE de la gestante. Siendo LDH, UtAPI y sFlt-1 /PIGF posibles criterios diferenciadores en la detección de una falsa PE sobrevenida por el virus. La HBPM o el ASS son terapias en la prevención de efectos trombóticos de ambas patologías. Los cuidados de enfermería han de basarse en la enseñanza del autocuidado de la gestante con aislamiento domiciliario, una movilización adecuada frente al reposo necesario, conocer signos de alerta y notificarlos al profesional sanitario por medio de sistemas de telesalud. [Abstract] Introduction: COVID-19 can generating in pregnant women a similar clinic to EP, a pathology that has been established in our society for years, with a still unknown etiology, but with a prevalence of 10%. So similar is the clinic that generates the infection in the pregnant woman, that it can producing a syndrome similar to EP that resolves upon recovery from the infection, also called “syndrome pre-eclampsia-like”. The treatment to prevent the thromboembolic effects is the same in both, with the need for introduced it in the pregnant woman, to the thrombolytic risk for the fact of being pregnant. The investigation around the the line of differentiation a false PE based on ultrasound and biochemical findings,is neccesary. Objective: To determine the defining and differentiating criteria that exist between PE and Covid-19 in the pregnant woman. Methodology: Narrative review carried out between the months of february and april of the year 2021 in the following databases: PubMed, Cinahl and Scopus. The Library of the Consellería de Sanidade del Servizo Galego de Saúde, Biblioteca Virtual del Sistema Sanitario Público Gallego: Bibliosaúde; and the scientific journal Anesthesia and Analgesia. Results: 322 results have been obtained. After the elimination of duplicates and screening based on the inclusion, exclusion and variables criteria established; 30 studies of the total have been used. Conclusion: Increased blood pressure levels, proteinuria or kidney injury, liver disease, uteroplacental dysfunction, and hypercoagulable state, appear as coincident pathologies in the SARS-CoV-2 or EP infection of the pregnant woman. Being LDH, UtAPI and sFlt-1 / PIGF, are the possible differentiating criteria in the detection of a false EP caused by the virus. LMWH or ASS are therapies in the prevention of thrombotic effects of both pathologies. Nursing care must be based on teaching self-care of the pregnant woman with home isolation, mobilization against the necessary rest, knowing warning signs and notifying them to health professional through telehealth systems. [Resumo] Introdución: A COVID-19 é capaz de xerar, en mulleres embarazadas, unha clínica semellante á PE, unha patoloxía establecida na nosa sociedade dende hai anos, cunha etioloxía aínda descoñecida, pero cunha prevalencia que ocupa o 10%. Tan semellante é a clínica que xera a infección na muller embarazada que é capaz de producir un síndrome similar ao PE que se resolve ao recuperarse da infección, tamén chamado "syndrome pre-eclampsia like". O seu tratamento para a prevención de efectos tromboembólicos é o mesmo en ambos, coa necesidade da súa implantación precoz na muller embarazada, dado o risco trombolítico que presenta o mesmo embarazo. é necesaria una investigación ao redor da liña de diferenciación ou captación duna falsa PE baseada en resultados ultrasóns e bioquímicos. Obxectivo: determinar os criterios definitorios e diferenciadores que existen entre o PE e o Covid-19 na muller embarazada. Metodoloxía: Revisión narrativa realizada entre os meses de febreiro e abril do ano 2021 a partir dunha busca bibliográfica nas seguintes bases de datos: PubMed, Cinahl e Scopus. Accedeuse á Biblioteca do Departamento de Saúde do Servizo Galego de Saúde, Biblioteca virtual do sistema público de saúde de Galicia: Bibliosaúde; e a revista con alto impacto científica: Anesthesia and Analgesia. Resultados: obtivéronse 322 resultados. Despois da posterior eliminación de duplicados e selección segundo os criterios de inclusión, exclusión e variables establecidos; Utilizáronse 30 estudos do total. Conclusión: O aumento da TA, proteinuria ou lesións nos riles, enfermidades hepáticas, disfunción uteroplacental e estado hipercoagulable, aparecen como patoloxías coincidentes na infección por SARS-CoV-2 ou PE da muller embarazada. Sendo LDH, UtAPI y sFlt-1/PIGF, os posibles criterios diferenciadores na detección duna PE falsa causado polo virus. A HBPM ou o ASS son terapias na prevención de efectos trombóticos de ambas patoloxías. O coidado de enfermaría debe basearse no ensino do autocoidado da muller embarazda con illamento doméstico, una movilización adecuada contra o reposo necesario, coñecendo os sinais de alerta e avisando ao profesional sanitario a través dos sistemas de telesalud. Traballo fin de grao (UDC.FEP). Enfermaría. Curso 2020/2021
- Published
- 2021
27. Regulació de la comunicació intercel·lular en les cèl·lules metastàsiques de càncer de mama mitjançant el bloqueig de la captació de exosomes amb NT4 (Tutor : Santiago Ramon y Cajal)
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Muñoz Alfaro, Rafaela, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Facultat de Medicina, and Ramon Y Cajal Agüeras, Santiago Jose
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Heparin ,Proteoglicà heparan sulfat (hspg) ,Heparina ,Metástasis ,Exosomes ,Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG) ,Càncer de mama ,Proteoglicano heparan sulfato (hspg) ,Metastasis ,Exosomas ,Breast cancer ,Cáncer de mama ,Metàstasis ,NT4-Biotin ,NT4-Biotina - Abstract
Introducció: El càncer de mama, es el càncer diagnosticat amb més freqüència al mon. El 90% de les morts son degudes a metàstasis. Es creu que si s'aconsegueix aturar la formació del microambient, les cèl·lules tumorals no seran capaces de formar metàstasis. Objectiu: Confirmar o descartar a SDC1 i SDC4 com a possibles dianes del pèptid NT4 i avaluar l'efecte del compost NT4-Biotina. Mètode: Es fan servir tècniques com siRNA dels candidats més prometedors i es comprova la eficàcia del compost NT4 conjugat amb Biotina per la seva futura utilització. Conclusions: SDC1 i SDC4 es varen descartar com a possibles dianes del NT4. Serà necessari realitzar un assaig de precipitació de proteïnes per trobar el candidat més idoni. El NT4-Biotina ha demostrat ser eficaç en la reducció de la captació d'exosomes, però necessitem doblar la quantitat del compost per a produir el mateix efecte que amb només NT4 Introducción: El cáncer de mama es el más frecuentemente diagnosticado en el mundo. El 90% de las muertes son ocasionadas por metástasis. Se cree que si se consigue frenar la formación del microambiente, las células tumorales no serán capaces de formar metástasis. Objetivo: Confirmar o descartar SDC1 y SDC4 como posibles dianas del péptido NT4 y evaluar el efecto del compuesto NT4-Biotina. Método: Se utilizan técnicas como siRNA de los candidatos más prometedores y se prueba la eficacia del compuesto NT4 conjugado con Biotina para su futura utilización en un ensayo de precipitación de proteínas. Conclusiones: SDC1 y SDC4 se descartaron como posible diana del NT4. Será necesario un ensayo de precipitación de proteínas para encontrar el candidato adecuado. El NT4-Biotina ha mostrado ser eficaz en la reducción de la captación de exosomas, pero es necesario el doble de cantidad para producir el mismo efecto que con NT4 solo. Introduction: Breast cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers worldwide. 90% of death are caused by metastasis. It is believed that if we can stop the microenvironment formation, tumor cells won't be able to grow into a metastasis. Objective: Identify or discard SDC1 and SDC4 as a possible targets of NT4 and evaluate the effect of the composite NT4-Biotin. Method: We used techniques such as siRNA with the most likely candidates, and studied the effectiveness of NT4 with the addition of Biotin so we will be able to use it in a future experiments. Results: SCD1 and SCD2 were discarded as a possible target of NT4. A protein pull-down will be needed to find the most likely candidate. NT4-Biotin, has shown its efficacy in the reduction of the exosomes uptake, but we needed to double the quantity to compare it with the results of NT4 alone.
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- 2021
28. [Use of parenteral anticoagulants in patients with coronary syndrome].
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Costabel JP, Duronto E, Guetta J, Ceresetto J, Guardiani F, Fescina JP, Procopio G, Casey M, Higa C, Villareal R, Bonorino J, and Lamelas P
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- Humans, Hemorrhage chemically induced, Hemorrhage prevention & control, Acute Coronary Syndrome drug therapy, Anticoagulants adverse effects, Anticoagulants therapeutic use
- Abstract
Anticoagulant treatment, together with antiplatelet therapy, plays an important role in the treatment of acute coronary syndromes. Its use is associated with a reduction in new ischemic events, stent thrombosis, and lower mortality. However, in clinical practice there is great heterogeneity in its use, leading to suboptimal results in treatment. This paper conducts a narrative review on the use of parenteral anticoagulants in patients with acute coronary syndromes, depending on the clinical scenario, as well as the revascularization strategy used and the bleeding risk. The different anticoagulant schemes available in acute coronary syndromes with and without segment ST elevation are addressed, based on the updated evidence. Finally, evidence-based strategies for risk stratification for bleeding and therapeutic management are developed.
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- 2023
29. Infección por SARS-CoV-2. Una nueva enfermedad endotelial trombo-inflamatoria
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Guillermo Conte and Francisco Samaniego
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Disseminated intravascular coagulation ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.drug_class ,business.industry ,Anticoagulant ,Inflammation ,Thrombosis ,General Medicine ,Heparin ,Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ,medicine.disease ,medicine.disease_cause ,Gastroenterology ,Pathophysiology ,Coronavirus ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Coagulopathy ,medicine.symptom ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Coronavirus disease 19 is characterized by an intense inflammatory response and a high incidence of thrombotic events. Autopsy studies show severe endothelial injury associated with thrombosis of the alveolar capillaries of the lungs and other organs. In the pathophysiology of this disease endothelial injury and dysfunction, inflammation and thrombosis are key factors for the development of severe phenotypes. Therefore, we should consider this entity as a systemic endothelial disease in which an obstructive microvascular syndrome secondary to an intense thrombo-inflammatory response leads to acute respiratory insufficiency and multiorgan failure. Heparin is an excellent drug to treat Covid-19 patients due to its anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and endothelial effects. Clinical guidelines agree that the use of heparin thromboprophylaxis is a component of Covid-19 coagulopathy treatment, even though the dose and duration of treatments are not well defined.
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- 2020
30. Sensibilidad a la Heparina, reversión y sangrado en revascularización miocárdica: estudio de cohorte, Fundación Cardioinfantil, 2019
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Castro Perdomo, Leonardo, Mesa Gómez, María Del Pilar, Kling, Juan Carlos, Franco Gruntorad, Germán Andrés, and Martínez del Valle, Anacaona
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Sensibilidad a la heparina ,Revascularización miocárdica ,Heparin ,Coronary artery bypass ,Protamine ,Pharmacogenomic variants ,Postoperative hemorrhage ,Farmacología & terapéutica ,Protamina ,Sangrado - Abstract
Introducción: La revascularización miocárdica es la cirugía cardíaca más frecuente, la sensibilidad a heparina y los efectos anticoagulantes de la protamina están relacionados con el sangrado peri-operatorio. Objetivo: Establecer la relación protamina-heparina y el sangrado postoperatorio según la sensibilidad a heparina de pacientes llevados a revascularización miocárdica bajo circulación extracorpórea (CEC) en la Fundación Cardioinfantil. Materiales y Métodos: Se analizaron los datos de una cohorte de pacientes llevados a revascularización miocárdica bajo CEC en la Fundación Cardioinfantil entre enero y julio 2019. Se clasificaron en grupos de acuerdo a la sensibilidad a heparina y se exploraron las variables de interés. Resultados: La cohorte está constituida por 82 pacientes, 34 pacientes se categorizaron en el grupo de sensibilidad reducida, 41 intermedia y 7 con hipersensibilidad a heparina; fueron similares en cuanto a edad, género, IMC, ASA, uso de técnicas de ahorro sanguíneo, tiempo de CEC y tiempo de clampeo aórtico. Se usó una dosis total de heparina mayor en el grupo sensibilidad reducida, con mayor requerimiento de transfusión durante cirugía. El 87,8% de los pacientes presentó una relación protamina: heparina menor a 1:1. Se evidenció un sangrado postoperatorio con requerimiento transfusional mayor en el grupo sensibilidad intermedia, probablemente asociado a un ACT final postprotamina más alto. Conclusión: Una relación protamina: heparina menor a 1:1 en esta cohorte podría explicar un menor sangrado en los grupos de sensibilidad reducida e hipersensibilidad, aunque impresiona ser insuficiente para el grupo de sensibilidad intermedia a la heparina. Introduction: Coronary bypass is the most frequent cardiac surgery; individual heparin sensitivity and the anticoagulant effects of Protamine and this impact on perioperative bleeding have been reported. Objective: To establish the relationship between heparin sensitivity, Protamine: Heparin ratio and postoperative blood loss in patients undergoing coronary bypass on pump at the Fundacion Cardioinfantil. Methods: We analyze data from a adults cohort taken to coronary bypass (BCP) at Fundación cardioinfantil between january an july 2019; were classified into heparin sensitivity groups and was explored the interest variables. Results: Eighty two patients taken a coronary bypass on BCP, thirty four patients had reduced sensitivity, forty one had intermediate sensitivity and seven had heparin hypersensitivity, they were similar in terms of age, sex, body mass index, ASA, blood saving techniques, BCP time and aortic clamping time. A higher total heparin dose was used in the reduced sensitivity group, with a higher transfusion requirement during surgery. 87.8% of the patients presented a protamine: heparin ratio de less than 1:1. Postoperative bleeding with a higher transfusion requirement was evident in the intermediate sensitivity group, probably associated with a higher post-protamin final ACT. Conclusion: the protamine: Heparin ratio less than 1:1 in this cohort could explain less bleeding in the groups with reduced sensitivity and hypersensitivity, although the impression is insufficient for the group with intermediate sensitivity to heparin.
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- 2020
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31. Dosage of heparin for patency of the totally implanted central venous catheter in cancer patients
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Oliveira, Francisca Jane Gomes de, Rodrigues, Andrea Bezerra, Ramos, Islane Costa, and Caetano, Joselany Áfio
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Catheter Obstruction ,Heparin ,Heparina ,Dispositivos de Acesso Vascular ,Cateteres de Demora ,Heparin Lock ,Cerradura de la Heparina ,Indwelling Catheters ,Obstrução do Catéter ,Catéteres de Permanencia ,Dispositivos de Acceso Vascular ,Central Venous Catheters ,Catéteres Venosos Centrales ,Obstrucción del Catéter ,Cateteres Venosos Centrais ,Lock de Heparina ,Vascular Access Devices - Abstract
Objetivo: analizar la evidencia disponible en la literatura sobre la dosis más baja de heparina necesaria para mantener la permeabilidad del catéter venoso central totalmente implantado en pacientes oncológicos adultos. Método: revisión integradora de la literatura realizada en las siguientes bases de datos: Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud, Sciverse Scopus, Web of Science, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, con la inclusión de trece estudios. Resultados: las pruebas demostraron que la dosis de heparina (300 UI/ml) es la más utilizada para mantener la permeabilidad del catéter venoso central totalmente implantado. Conclusión: según los estudios seleccionados, la dosis más baja de heparina encontrada en el mantenimiento de la permeabilidad del catéter venoso central totalmente implantado en pacientes oncológicos fue de 10 UN/ml con un volumen de 5 ml de solución de heparina. Objective: to analyze the evidence available in the literature about the lowest necessary dose of heparin to maintain the patency of the totally implanted central venous catheter in adult cancer patients. Method: an integrative literature review, carried out in the following databases: Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências de Saúde, Sciverse Scopus, Web of Science, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, including thirteen studies. Results: the evidence showed that the dose of heparin (300 IU/ml) is the most used in maintaining the patency of the totally implanted central venous catheter. Conclusion: according to the selected studies, the lowest dose of heparin found in maintaining the patency of the totally implanted central venous catheter in cancer patients was 10 UN/ml with a volume of 5 ml of the heparin solution. Objetivo: analisar as evidências disponíveis na literatura sobre a menor dose necessária de heparina para manter a patência do cateter venoso central totalmente implantado em pacientes oncológicos adultos. Método: revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada nas bases de dados: Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências de Saúde, Sciverse SCOPUS, Web of Science, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, sendo incluídos treze estudos. Resultados: as evidências mostraram que a dose de heparina (300 UI/ml), é a mais utilizada na manutenção da patência do cateter venoso central totalmente implantado. Conclusão: de acordo com os estudos selecionados a menor dose de heparina encontrada na manutenção da patência do cateter venoso central totalmente implantado em pacientes oncológicos, foi de 10 UN/ml com um volume de 5 ml da solução de heparina.
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- 2020
32. Participation of sulfated glycosaminoglycans in critical moments of the post-ejaculation life of the spermatozoon : human and murine mouse model
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Galotto, Camila, Calvo, Juan Carlos, and Romanato, Marina
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DESCONDENSACION DE LA CROMATINA ESPERMATICA ,HEPARINA ,INTERACCION ESPERMATOZOIDE-OVIDUCTO ,OVIDUCTAL CELLS ,CELULAS OVIDUCTALES ,ESPERMATOZOIDE ,HEPARIN ,HEPARAN SULFATO ,SPERMATOZOA ,SPERM DECONDENSATION ,TUNEL ,HEPARAN SULFATE ,SPERM-OVIDUCT INTERACTION - Abstract
El espermatozoide humano transita por diferentes estadios desde que es formado en el testículo: madura en el epidídimo, es eyaculado e ingresa dentro del tracto reproductor femenino donde ocurrirá el proceso de capacitación espermática. El Heparán Sulfato (HS) es una molécula que se encuentra presente en el humano tanto en el complejo cumulus-oocito(COC) como en el espermatozoide y, por su parte, el espermatozoide contiene receptores para heparina (análogo funcional y estructural del HS). También está presente en el fluido folicular y en el fluido oviductal/trompas de Falopio, donde podría participar en la regulación de la interacción espermatozoide-oviducto/trompas de Falopio. Esta distribución ubicua del HS plantea, por un lado, la posible colaboración de ambos gametos en el proceso de descondensación espermática in vivo y, por otro, la posible participación del HS en otras etapas del proceso reproductivo. Varios glicosaminoglicanos fueron encontrados como mediadores de la interacción entre el espermatozoide y las células oviductales/tracto reproductor femenino en la formación del “reservorio funcional”; la unión de espermatozoides al epitelio oviductal o del tracto reproductor femenino, es mediada por reconocimiento de carbohidratos en numerosas especies. Por esto, nos pareció interesante explorar el rol que cumple el HS y sus receptores en el espermatozoide o en las células del tracto reproductor femenino en la funcionalidad espermática a lo largo de su pasaje por el mismo. Teniendo en cuenta los cambios que suceden en el espermatozoide a lo largo de su vida post-eyaculación, nos planteamos los siguientes objetivos para esta tesis doctoral: (1)Evaluar la localización del HS en la superficie de espermatozoides lavados, incubados en condiciones capacitantes o habiendo sufrido reacción acrosomal inducida; (2) caracterizar la interacción entre las célulasepiteliales del tracto reproductor femenino humano y espermatozoides humanos, mediada por HS y sus receptores; (3) evaluar el posible rol biológico del HS espermático en el proceso de descondensación nuclear in vitro; (4) correlacionar el proceso de descondensación nuclear del espermatozoide humano in vitro con lo observado en la clínica a través de los procedimientos de fecundación asistida. A la luz de los resultados obtenidos, podemos concluir que (1)el porcentaje de espermatozoides humanos que poseen HS en su membrana plasmática disminuye a medida que el mismo transita por los diferentes estadios post-eyaculación. Esto podría estar reflejando que el HS es una molécula fundamental en el proceso de selección de espermatozoides a lo largo del tracto reproductivo femenino. Sin embargo, la presencia de HS en la superficie del espermatozoide humano no está relacionada con el estado de reacción (o exocitosis) acrosomal. Por otra parte, observamos que el HS se encuentra también en la superficie de los espermatozoides de ratón, precisamente en el segmento ecuatorial, independientemente del estado de exocitosis acrosomal en que se encuentre el mismo. Al analizar la interacción entre el espermatozoide humano y diferentes tipos celulares provenientes del tracto reproductor femenino humano in vitro, podemos decir que (2)tanto elHS como su receptor, presentes en el espermatozoide y en las células del endometrio y de la trompa de Falopio, estarían involucrados en la interacción entre estos tipos celulares. Además, confirmamos (3)que el HS del espermatozoide humano no está implicado en la descondensación nuclear y que podría estar involucrado en otros procesos como la fusión con el oocito, siendo el HS oocitario el único responsable de la descondensación. A lo largo de la remodelación de la cromatina espermática, diferentes factores pueden inducir daño en su DNA, como así también alteraciones en la condensación de la cromatina, que han sido asociados a infertilidad masculina. Utilizando dos técnicas que evalúan la funcionalidad del núcleo espermático, como lo son el TUNEL y el ensayo de descondensación fisiológica in vitro, descripto en el laboratorio, (4)pudimos clasificar a los pacientes infértiles como descondensadores rápidos o lentos y concluimos que los descondensadores lentos tendrían mayor posibilidad de éxito en fecundación asistida (ICSI) si son TUNEL negativos o si utilizan ovodonación. De este modo, la evaluación de la velocidad de descondensación, sumada a otros parámetros de funcionalidad espermática, podría ser una herramienta útil en la toma de decisiones terapéuticas en fecundación asistida. Human spermatozoa go through different stages since their formation in the testis: maturation in the epididymis, ejaculation and entry into the female tract where the sperm capacitation process will occur. Heparan Sulfate (HS) is a sulfated glycosaminogly can present both in the humancumulus-oocyte complex (COC) and in spermatozoa. Also, spermatozoa contain receptors for heparin (functional and structural analogue of HS). In addition, HS is found in follicular and oviductal fluids, where it could participate in the regulation of sperm-oviduct interaction. HS has also been studied as a mediator of very specific ligand-receptor interactions (FGF, HIV, HPV, among others). This ubiquitous distribution of HS raises the possibility that both gametes collaborate inthe process of sperm decondensation in vivo and the possible participation of HS in other stages of the reproductive process. Several glycosaminoglycans were found to be mediators of the interaction between sperm and oviductal cells in the formation of a "functional sperm reservoir”and the binding of sperm to the oviductal epithelium is mediated by carbohydrate recognition in numerous species. Therefore, we found it interesting to explore the role of HS and HS receptors of spermatozoa and endometrial or oviductal epithelial cells, on sperm function during the transit through the female reproductive tract. Taking into aCOCunt the changes undergone by the spermatozoon following ejaculation, its journey through the female reproductive tract and our laboratory ́s expertise in glycosaminoglycan biochemistry, we proposed the following objectives for this thesis: (1) to evaluate the location of HS on the sperm surface in washed spermatozoa, spermatozoa incubated under capacitating conditions and acrosome reacted spermatozoa; (2) to characterize the interaction between human female tract epithelial cells and human spermatozoa, mediated by HS and its receptors; (3)to evaluate the possible role of sperm borne HS in the process of in vitronuclear decondensation; (4) to correlate human sperm in vitro decondensation with assisted reproduction success in a clinical setting. In the light of the results obtained, we can conclude that (1) the percentage of human spermatozoa with membrane bound HS decreases as sperm proceed along the different post-ejaculatory stages. This could be implying that HS plays a fundamental role in the process of sperm selection throughout the female reproductive tract. The presence of HS on the surface of human sperm is not related to acrosomal status. Similarly, HS is present on the surface of mouse sperm, precisely on the equatorial segment, regardless of acrosomal status. Analysis of the interaction between human sperm and different epithelial cell types of the humanfemale tract in vitro, suggests that (2)the HSand itsreceptor, present in both spermatozoa and endometrial and Fallopian tube cellscould be involved in the interactionbetween these cell types. We confirmed that (3) sperm borne HS is not involved in nuclear decondensation and that oocyte HS is solely responsible for this process,but thatit could be involved in other processes such as sperm oocyte fusion. Throughout sperm chromatin remodeling, several factors can damage sperm DNA or alter chromatin condensation, and both have been associated to male infertility. Using two techniques that evaluate sperm nuclear function, such as TUNEL and the human sperm in vitrodecondensation assay described in our laboratory, (4)we were able to classify infertile patients as slow or fast decondensers and conclude that slowdecondensers would have a greater chance of success in assisted reproduction (ICSI) if they are TUNEL negative or if they use donor oocytes. Thus, the evaluation of sperm decondensation velocity, taken together with other parameters of sperm function, could be a useful tool to aid decision making in assisted reproduction. Fil: Galotto, Camila. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina.
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- 2020
33. Clinical characteristics and indications for blood transfusion in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Sanz C, Faúndez A, García A, Rodríguez M, Coromoto Jaramillo A, and Pereira A
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- Aged, Blood Transfusion, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Hemorrhage etiology, Hemorrhage therapy, Heparin, Humans, Male, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 therapy
- Abstract
Background: There are few data on the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients who require blood transfusion. We aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and indication for transfusion in COVID-19 patients seen during the epidemic's first wave., Material and Methods: Cross-sectional study that included all consecutive COVID-19 patients admitted to the Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Spain, from mid-March to mid-May 2020., Results: A total of 80 patients received 354 RBC units, 116 plasma units, and 48 platelet units. Median age was 71 years (IQR: 62-76), and 59 (74%) were males. In total, 138 of the 261 transfusion episodes that involved RBCs (59%) were related to spontaneous (n=94) or procedure-related (n=44) bleeding. Spontaneous bleeding was more frequent in the retroperitoneal space and the gastrointestinal apparatus. Tracheostomy with endotracheal intubation, surgical interventions, and cannulation of femoral vessels were the main procedures behind non-spontaneous bleeding. Most patients (91%) were on anticoagulants, mostly intermediate- or full-dose heparin., Conclusion: Anticoagulation-related bleeding was a leading cause of blood transfusion in COVID-19 patients during the epidemic's first-wave., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)
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- 2022
- Full Text
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34. [Translated article] International Consensus Meeting on Venous Thromboembolism (ICM-VTE) after orthopedic procedures, any change in our clinical practice?
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Marín-Peña O, Parvizi J, Restrepo C, and Castel-Oñate A
- Abstract
The International Consensus on Venous Thromboembolism (ICM-VTE), will change our current practice as most recent evidence is included. This fact is not usual in most clinical practice guidelines to date. Many orthopedic and trauma procedures do not require thromboembolic prophylaxis, but it should be considered depending on individual risk factors or major surgeries (total hip or knee arthroplasty, spine surgery or fractures that require immobilization and weight bearing restriction). Within the prophylaxis options, we must notice the strength of the drug preventing venous thromboembolism, but also the effect of hemorrhage and bleeding that it may produce. The use of aspirin and mechanical prophylaxis has been described as the safest and most effective combination in most cases., (Copyright © 2022 SECOT. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. International Consensus Meeting on Venous Thromboembolism (ICM-VTE) after orthopedic procedures, any change in our clinical practice?
- Author
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Marín-Peña O, Parvizi J, Restrepo C, and Castel-Oñate A
- Abstract
The International Consensus Meeting on Venous Thromboembolism (ICM-VTE), will change our current practice as most recent evidence is included. This fact is not usual in most clinical practice guidelines to date. Many orthopedic and trauma procedures do not require thromboembolic prophylaxis, but it should be considered depending on individual risk factors or major surgeries (total hip or knee arthroplasty, spine surgery or fractures that require immobilization and weight bearing restriction). Within the prophylaxis options, we must notice the strengh of the drug preventing venous thromboembolism, but also the effect of hemorrhage and bleeding that it may produce. The use of aspirin and mechanical prophylaxis has been described as the safest and most effective combination in most cases., (Copyright © 2022 SECOT. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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36. Trombocitopenia con trombosis inducida por heparina.
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E Raez Luis
- Subjects
Thrombocytopenia ,thrombosis ,heparin ,Medicine - Abstract
Heparin induced thrombocytopenia with thrombosis (HITTS) is a syndrome with broad spectrum of clinical features that has been diagnosed with more frequency. Up to 5% of patients exposed to heparin develop some type of manifestations. The etiology is probably related with the development of antibodies against a complex between heparin and platelet factor 4. The mortality is close to 25% in-patients who develop the thrombotic spectrum of the syndrome. This is a review about HITTS and the new alternatives for anticoagulation in experimentation today.
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- 1996
37. Prescribing patterns of heparins in 14 hospitals of Colombia
- Author
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Leidy Carolina Gómez, Jorge Enrique Machado Alba, Laura A. Chica-Quintero, and Manuel Enrique Machado-Duque
- Subjects
03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Farmacoepidemiología ,Heparin ,Pharmacoepidemiology ,Heparina ,Anticoagulants ,030212 general & internal medicine ,General Medicine ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Anticoagulantes - Abstract
Resumen Introducción: las heparinas son esenciales para el manejo de muchos pacientes en los servicios de hospitalización. Objetivo: determinar los patrones de prescripción de heparinas en distintos ambientes hospitalarios en Colombia. Metodología: estudio observacional con prescripciones de pacientes tratados con heparinas en 14 clínicas de 12 ciudades colombianas durante octubre de 2015. Se evaluaron variables sociodemográficas, farmacológicas, comedicaciones; se realizaron análisis descriptivos y multivariados. Resultados: se encontraron 3 776 pacientes tratados con heparinas, con edad promedio: 60,1 ± 20,1 años, 56,9 % fueron mujeres; con una prevalencia de uso de 9,1 %, se emplearon en promedio 6,3 dosis por sujeto, siendo enoxaparina (74,8 %), y dalteparina (24,9 %) los más utilizados. Se prescribió terapia combinada con dos antiagregantes en 34,1 % de casos y las comedicaciones más frecuentes fueron antiinflamatorios no esteroideos (28,9 %) y benzodiazepinas (14,6 %). El uso de dalteparina, haber sido atendido en Cartagena, Barranquilla y ser adulto joven se asociaron con menor probabilidad de recibir alguna comedicación. Conclusión: predomina el uso de heparinas de bajo peso molecular sin utilización de la heparina convencional en las clínicas evaluadas, lo que puede estar asociado con su fácil manejo, menores efectos secundarios y mayor costo-efectividad haciéndolas más convenientes para el uso intrahospitalario. Abstract Introduction: Heparins are essential for the management of many patients in inpatient services. Objective. To determine the prescribing patterns of heparins in hospitals in a group of patients of Colombia. Methods. An observational study with data of prescriptions of patients treated with heparins in 14 hospitals in 12 cities of Colombia during October 2015. Sociodemographic, pharmacological, combined therapy, and co-medication variables were evaluated. Descriptive and multivariate analyzes were performed. Results. A total of 3776 patients on heparin treatment were found; mean age: 60.1±20.1 years, 56.9 % were women; with a prevalence of 9.1 %; a mean of 6.3 doses per patient was used. Enoxaparin (74.8 %) and dalteparin (24.9 %) being the most used injecting anticoagulants. Dual antiplatelet therapy was prescribed in 34.1 % of cases, and the most frequent co-medications were non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (28.9 %), benzodiazepines (14.6 %). The use of dalteparin, have been treated in Cartagena, Barranquilla and being a young adult, reduced the risk of receiving some co-medication. Conclusion. The use of low-molecular-weight-heparins is predominant without the use of conventional heparins in clinics, which may be associated with their easy use, less side effects and greater cost-effectiveness, making them more convenient for intra-hospital use.
- Published
- 2019
38. Pregnancy and anticoagulation in mechanical valves: A therapeutic challenge
- Author
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Ruiz, Nelson L. Moreno
- Subjects
Embarazo ,Heparin ,Low molecular weight heparin ,Pregnancy ,Cardiac valve replacement ,Heparina ,Heparina de bajo peso molecular ,Warfarin ,Prótesis valvulares cardíacas ,Warfarina - Abstract
Resumen La gestación en presencia de una válvula mecánica es un reto terapéutico tanto para el ginecólogo como para el cardiólogo, en vista de las complicaciones materno-fetales y mayor el riesgo de trombosis valvular. Medio siglo después del primer reporte de una gestación a término en este contexto, mucho se ha aprendido, pero persisten controversias importantes, de ahí que conocerlas sea fundamental para encontrar el tratamiento más balanceado. Abstract Pregnancy and mechanical valves are a therapeutic challenge both for the gynaecologist and the cardiologist in view of the maternal-foetal complications, and the higher risk of valvular thrombosis. Half a century after the first report of a full term pregnancy in this context, much has been learned, but there are still significant controversies, which are essential to know about, in order to find the most balanced treatment.
- Published
- 2018
39. Revisión de dosieres de heparina y enoxaparina: incumplimiento de la normativa de Costa Rica para el registro sanitario de biosimilares farmacéuticos
- Author
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Álvarez Brenes, Rebeca, Zuñiga Villalobos, Keren, Pacheco Molina, Jorge Andrés, and Mora Román, Juan José
- Subjects
enoxaparina ,Biosimilar pharmaceuticals ,enoxaparin ,heparina ,heparin ,Biosimilares farmacéuticos - Abstract
RESUMEN Objetivo: Determinar los aspectos esenciales de la reglamentación de Costa Rica referente al registro sanitario de biosimilares y compararlos con la información brindada en los dosieres de laboratorios fabricantes de heparina y enoxaparina. Materiales y métodos: Se examinó el Reglamento de Inscripción y Control de Medicamentos Biológicos: RTCR 440:2010. Luego, se solicitaron los dosieres enviados por los laboratorios fabricantes y se comparó su información con respecto a los datos solicitados por el reglamento anterior. Finalmente, se evaluó la importancia de la información solicitada. Resultados: El RTCR 440:2010 solicita información química, farmacéutica y biológica del producto farmacéutico terminado, resultados sobre seguridad y eficacia, datos administrativos y documentación legal. Para los biosimilares, se debe presentar el ejercicio de biosimilitud y un plan de farmacovigilancia. Esta información no está presente en su totalidad en los dosieres revisados. Conclusiones: Los productos revisados no cumplen con los requisitos solicitados por el reglamento costarricense en lo que respecta al ejercicio de biosimilitud. Por ende, no fueron presentados para el trámite de sus registros sanitarios ante el Ministerio de Salud de Costa Rica. ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the essential aspects of the Costa Rican regulation concerning the sanitary registration of biosimilars and to compare them with the information provided in the dossiers of laboratories manufacturing heparin and enoxaparin. Methodology: The regulation for the Registration and Control of Biological Drugs: RTCR 440: 2010 was reviewed. Subsequently, the dossiers sent by the manufacturers were requested, and their information was compared with the data requested by the previous regulation. Finally, the importance of this information was evaluated. Results: The national regulations require chemical, pharmaceutical and biological information on the finished pharmaceutical product, results on safety and efficacy, administrative data and legal documentation. For biosimilars, the biosimilitude exercise and a pharmacovigilance plan must be presented. This information is not available in its entirety in the reviewed dossiers. Conclusions: The products reviewed do not meet the requirements of the Costa Rican regulations regarding the biosimilitude exercise. Therefore, they were not submitted for their drugs' applications before the Ministry of Health of Costa Rica.
- Published
- 2018
40. Dos métodos de anticoagulación en técnicas continuas de depuración extrarrenal
- Author
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Aragó Sorrosal, Sergi, Rodas Marín, Lida María, Torres, Ferrán, Villegas Jiménez, Vanesa, and Poch López de Briñas, Esteban
- Subjects
citrato ,fracaso renal agudo ,Acute renal failure ,Extra-renal depuration ,heparina ,terapia continua depuración extrarrenal ,citrate ,Continuous therapy ,heparin ,anticoagulación regional ,regional anticoagulation - Abstract
Resumen Introducción: Las técnicas continuas de depuración extrarrenal son la terapia de elección en pacientes críticos. Pero, no están exentas de complicaciones como la coagulación del circuito extracorpóreo. El fármaco usado tradicionalmente para la anticoagulación, es la heparina sódica. Aunque también son empleados otros métodos de anticoagulación, como el citrato. Objetivo: Evaluar la eficacia y seguridad de dos métodos de anticoagulación en pacientes tratados con terapias continuas, en unidades de cuidados intensivos del Hospital Clínic. Material y Método: Estudio observacional, retrospectivo de 54 sujetos. Se aplicaron los criterios de Insuficiencia renal aguda, descritos en el protocolo "Guía para el tratamiento sustitutivo renal en la insuficiencia renal aguda del Hospital Clínic". Tratados mediante hemodiafiltración, combinando terapias de convección y difusión. Con fracción de filtración < 25%, y dosis de efluente de 30 ml/kg/h. 27 sujetos realizaron hemodiafiltración, reposición pre-filtro y anticoagulación con heparina sódica. El resto, hemodiafiltración, reposición post-filtro y anticoagulación con citrato. Se valoraron episodios de sangrado y duración en horas de los circuitos extracorpóreos, durante 72 horas de terapia. Resultados: El citrato demostró una mayor supervivencia de filtros (95% IC, MD 65, 44.00-72.00 vs MD 36.00, 15.00-22.00, p=0,02). Los pacientes tratados con heparina presentaron más episodios de sangrado, sin diferencias estadísticamente significativas (95% IC, n=6 vs n=9, p=0.537). Hubo un episodio de hipocalcemia en el grupo citrato, corregido según protocolo. En el grupo heparina, no se presentaron casos de trombocitopenia inducida por heparina. Conclusiones: El presente estudio, demuestra una mayor eficacia en la supervivencia de los filtros en el grupo citrato. Abstract Introduction: Continuous extra-renal depuration techniques are the therapy of choice in critically ill patients. But, they are not exempt from complications such as the coagulation of the extracorporeal circuit. The drug traditionally used for anticoagulation is sodium heparin. Although other methods of anticoagulation, such as citrate, are also used. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of two anticoagulation methods in patients treated with continuous therapies, in intensive care units of the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona. Material and Method: A retrospective observational study with 54 subjects was carried out. The criteria of acute renal insufficiency, described in the protocol "Guide for renal replacement therapy in acute renal failure at the Hospital Clínic" were applied. Patients were treated by hemodiafiltration, combining convection and diffusion therapies; with filtration fraction < 25%, and effluent dose of 30ml/kg/h. Twenty-seven subjects performed hemodiafiltration, pre-filter replacement and anticoagulation with sodium heparin. The rest, hemodiafiltration, post-filter replacement and anticoagulation with citrate. Episodes of bleeding and duration in hours of the extracorporeal circuits were evaluated during 72 hours of therapy. Results: Citrate demonstrated a greater survival of filters (95% CI, MD 65, 44.00-72.00 vs. MD 36.00, 15.00-22.00, p=0.02). Patients treated with heparin had more episodes of bleeding, without statistically significant differences (95% CI, n=6 vs. n=9, p=0.537). There was an episode of hypocalcemia in the citrate group, corrected according to protocol. In the heparin group, there were no cases of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Conclusions: The present study demonstrates greater efficacy in the survival of filters in the citrate group.
- Published
- 2018
41. Stability of vancomycin hydrochloride employed in antimicrobial seal solutions of central intravenous catheters.
- Author
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Barros DP, Onofre PSC, Fonseca FLA, Rosa PCP, Pedreira MDLG, and Peterlini MAS
- Subjects
- Anti-Bacterial Agents, Drug Stability, Heparin, Humans, Central Venous Catheters, Vancomycin chemistry
- Abstract
Objective: to verify the stability of vancomycin hydrochloride in antimicrobial seal solutions with and without association of heparin sodium according to temperature and association time., Method: an experimental study designed for the analysis of hydrogenionic potential and concentration by means of high-efficiency liquid chromatography of vancomycin hydrochloride (n=06) and vancomycin hydrochloride and heparin sodium (n=06). The solutions studied were submitted to absence of light, as well as to 22°C and 37°C. Analyses in triplicate (n=192) were performed at the initial moment (T0) and three (T3), eight (T8) and 24 hours (T24) after preparation. The data were submitted to analysis of variance (p≤0.05)., Results: concentration of the antimicrobial at 22°C presented a reduction (T0-T8) and a subsequent increase (T24); hydrogenionic potential decreased significantly over time. At 37°C, the concentration increased up to T3 and decreased at T24, with a reduction of hydrogenionic potential up to 24 hours. Concentration of the vancomycin hydrochloride and heparin sodium solutions varied with a reduction at 22°C, accompanied by increased hydrogenionic potential. Precipitate formation was observed by visual inspection of the vancomycin hydrochloride-heparin sodium association (T3)., Conclusion: pharmacological stability of vancomycin hydrochloride (5 mg/mL) and physical incompatibility with heparin sodium (100 IU/mL) were evidenced after three hours of association in the antimicrobial seal solutions studied.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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42. Manejo perioperatorio de pacientes con tratamiento anticoagulante crónico
- Author
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Nazar J., Claudio, Cárdenas C., Antonia, Coloma D., Roberto, Contreras C., José Ignacio, Molina, Ian, Miranda H., Pablo, and Fuentes H., Ricardo
- Subjects
Heparin ,New oral anticoagulants ,Perioperative management ,manejo perioperatorio ,heparina ,nuevos anticoagulantes orales ,Anticoagulantes orales ,Oral anticoagulants - Abstract
Resumen La terapia anticoagulante es ampliamente utilizada en la práctica clínica, como profilaxis en pacientes con riesgo de presentar fenómenos tromboembólicos o como tratamiento en aquellos que han presentado algún evento trombótico. Cada vez es más frecuente enfrentarse a pacientes en tratamiento anticoagulante crónico que serán intervenidos mediante procedimientos quirúrgicos, por lo que es importante y necesario conocer el manejo perioperatorio de los diferentes fármacos anticoagulantes, para disminuir los riesgos y complicaciones asociados a la suspensión o mantención de estos en el período perioperatorio. Para lograr este objetivo se debe evaluar y balancear el riesgo de sangrado versus el riesgo de eventos tromboembólicos, considerando la condición médica de cada paciente y el tipo de procedimiento quirúrgico que recibirá. La recomendación para fármacos anticoagulantes orales antagonistas de vitamina K es mantenerlos en cirugías con bajo riesgo de sangrado y suspenderlos 5 días antes de procedimientos quirúrgicos con riesgo hemorrágico moderado y alto, controlando el international normalized ratio el día previo a la cirugía. Los nuevos anticoagulantes orales no requieren monitorización de rutina, recomendándose suspenderlos a las 24-96 h previas al procedimiento quirúrgico, dependiendo del riesgo hemorrágico de cada cirugía y de la función renal. En relación con los anticoagulantes parenterales, la heparina no fraccionada en infusión intravenosa se recomienda suspenderla 4-5 h antes de la cirugía, mientras que la utilizada vía subcutánea, 12 h previas a la intervención quirúrgica. Las heparinas de bajo peso molecular en dosis de tratamiento se sugiere descontinuarlas 24 h previas a la cirugía, mientras que las usadas en dosis profilácticas, solo 12 h antes. Anticoagulant therapy is widely used in clinical practice, as prophylaxis in patients at risk of presenting thromboembolic phenomena or as treatment in those who have presented a thrombotic event. It is increasingly the number of patients on chronic anticoagulant therapy to undergo surgical procedures, so it is important and necessary to know the perioperative management of the different anticoagulant drugs to reduce the risks and complications associated with suspension or maintenance of these in the perioperative period. To achieve this goal, the risk of bleeding should be evaluated and balanced against the risk of thromboembolic events, considering the medical condition of each patient and the type of surgical procedure to which they have undergone. The recommendation for vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant drugs is to maintain them for surgeries at low risk of bleeding and to suspend them 5 days before surgical procedures with moderate and high bleeding risk, controlling ‘International Normalized Ratio’ the day before surgery. The new oral anticoagulants do not require routine monitoring, recommending suspending them 24-96 h prior to the surgical procedure, depending on the hemorrhagic risk of each surgery and renal function of patient. In relation to parenteral anticoagulants, unfractionated heparin in intravenous infusion is recommended to be discontinued 4-5 h prior to surgery, while the subcutaneous route, 12 h prior to surgery. Low-molecular-weight heparins in treatment doses should be suspended 24 h prior to surgery, while in prophylactic doses, only 12 h earlier.
- Published
- 2018
43. Isquemia talámica bilateral secundaria a trombosis venosa cerebral: tratamiento endovascular, presentación de un caso
- Author
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Zamora, Adrián, Bastos, Victor Hugo, Márquez, Juan Camilo, and Zuleta, Jessica
- Subjects
warfarin ,trombosis intracraneal ,warfarina ,Intracranial sinus thrombosis ,tálamo ,thrombectomy (MeSH) ,thalamus ,trombosis de los senos intracraneales ,ganglios basales ,heparina ,intracranial thrombosis ,heparin ,trombectomía (DeCS) - Abstract
RESUMEN La trombosis venosa cerebral (TVC) es una entidad poco frecuente y potencialmente devastadora que se presenta con mayor frecuencia en adultos jóvenes, especialmente en mujeres. La TVC representa el 0,5 % a 1 % de todos los ACV, su amplio espectro clínico la convierte en un desafío diagnóstico, especialmente en aquellos casos de mujeres jóvenes sin factores protrombóticos conocidos que debutan con cefalea como único síntoma. La TVC puede ocasionar isquemia o infartos talámicos y gangliobasales bilaterales con delirio y deterioro del estado de conciencia, en especial cuando hay compromiso del sistema venoso profundo. El diagnóstico se confirma con resonancia magnética cerebral (RM) y venografía por resonancia. La anticoagulación sigue siendo la piedra angular del tratamiento; sin embargo, los pacientes que no responden a terapia médica intensiva pueden beneficiarse de la trombectomía endovascular mecánica (TEM). A continuación presentamos el caso clínico de una paciente de 29 años con una isquemia talámica y gangliobasal bilateral secundaria a trombosis venosa cerebral que fue llevada a trombectomía endovascular mecánica. SUMMARY Thrombosis of the dural sinus and/or cerebral veins (CVT) is a rare but potentially devastating type of stroke that tends to occur in young adults, especially women. CVT represents about 0.5% of all strokes and can be challenging to diagnose because headache, rather than focal neurologic symptoms, is the prominent feature. However, some patients (especially those with deep cerebral venous occlusion) may present with bilateral thalamic or basal infarction and often will have decreased level of consciousness and rapid neurologic deterioration. The diagnosis of CVT is confirmed with MRI and magnetic resonance venogram (MRV). The mainstay of acute management is anticoagulation. However, some patients do not respond to medical therapy and these might benefit from endovascular mechanical thrombectomy. We present the case of a 29 year old female patient with bilateral thalamic and gangliobasal ischemia secondary to CVT, who was treated with anticoagulation and endovascular mechanical thombectomy.
- Published
- 2017
44. Rivaroxaban para el tratamiento de la trombocitopenia inducida por heparina. Caso clínico
- Author
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Gustavo Rivera O., Pablo Varas A., Andrés Aizman S., Andrés Pavlovic J., and Oscar Corsi S.
- Subjects
Rivaroxaban ,medicine.drug_class ,business.industry ,Heparin ,Anticoagulant ,Treatment outcome ,MEDLINE ,Thrombosis ,General Medicine ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,medicine.disease ,Thrombocytopenia ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Drug-Induced ,Anesthesia ,medicine ,Etiology ,Abnormalities ,business ,030215 immunology ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is immune-mediated. It occurs more frequently with unfractionated heparin (UFH) than with low molecular weight heparins (LMWH). It is associated with thromboembolic rather than hemorrhagic events, as opposed to thrombocytopenia of other etiologies. The key in therapy is the cessation of heparin and the start of another anticoagulant. We report a 58 years old female with HIT secondary to the use of Enoxaparin who was successfully managed with Rivaroxaban. Our goal is to report a novel therapy and provide the evidence that supports its use.
- Published
- 2017
45. Rivaroxaban para el tratamiento de la trombocitopenia inducida por heparina. Caso clínico
- Author
-
Rivera O., Gustavo, Corsi S., Oscar, Pavlovic J., Andrés, Aizman S., Andrés, and Varas A., Pablo
- Subjects
Rivaroxaban ,Drug-Induced ,Heparin ,Thrombosis ,Abnormalities ,Thrombocytopenia - Abstract
Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is immune-mediated. It occurs more frequently with unfractionated heparin (UFH) than with low molecular weight heparins (LMWH). It is associated with thromboembolic rather than hemorrhagic events, as opposed to thrombocytopenia of other etiologies. The key in therapy is the cessation of heparin and the start of another anticoagulant. We report a 58 years old female with HIT secondary to the use of Enoxaparin who was successfully managed with Rivaroxaban. Our goal is to report a novel therapy and provide the evidence that supports its use.
- Published
- 2017
46. Heparina de bajo peso molecular para la prevención de complicaciones derivadas de la insuficiencia placentaria en las pacientes de riesgo sin trombofilia
- Author
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Bella Bustamante, Miriam, Llurba Olivé, Elisa, Cabero i Roura, Lluís, and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Pediatria, d'Obstetrícia i Ginecologia i de Medicina Preventiva
- Subjects
Prevención ,Preeclàmpsia ,Heparin ,Prevention ,Heparina ,Prevenció ,Preeeclampsia ,Preeclampsia ,Ciències de la Salut - Abstract
El desarrollo de preeclampsia sigue constituyendo una de las causas principales de mortalidad y morbilidad grave materna y fetal. En nuestro medio, es la segunda causa responsable de la mortalidad materna y la causa del 15 % de los partos pretérmino, lo que se asocia a un incremento por 5 de la mortalidad perinatal. Las pacientes con antecedentes de Preeclampsia en la anterior gestación tienen un riesgo de recurrencia que varía según las poblaciones estudiadas entre el 7%-15% siendo mayor en los casos de debut precoz (25%), en las pacientes con antecedentes de retraso de crecimiento intrauterino (RCIU) el riesgo de recurrencia es de prácticamente el 10%. Basados en la utilidad del tratamiento con heparina de bajo peso molecular (HBPM) en pacientes con trombofilia y, a pesar de la falta de estudios con suficiente evidencia científica, se ha sugerido que el tratamiento con HBPM a dosis profilácticas puede ser eficaz en aquellas pacientes con antecedentes de PE precoz, RCIU grave y precoz, óbito fetal o DPPNI en las siguientes gestaciones, aunque el estudio de trombofilia sea negativo. Existe también la necesidad de evaluar la efectividad de este tratamiento profiláctico en mujeres de riesgo seleccionadas a partir de un test de cribado en el primer trimestre incluyendo a aquellas pacientes con aumento de la resistencia en el flujo Doppler de las arterias uterinas a las 11-13 semanas y a las gestantes con un riesgo elevado según un cribado combinado basado en la historia materna, el Doppler de las arterias uterinas, los niveles de PAPP-A y la Tensión Arterial media en el primer trimestre, validado en la población de estudio. Para ello hemos diseñado este estudio que evalúa si la administración de HBPM a dosis profilácticas antes de la semana 16 de gestación en estas pacientes de riesgo ayuda a prevenir las complicaciones materno-fetales derivadas de la insuficiencia placentaria aleatorizando a las pacientes en dos ramas: grupo de tratamiento con HBPM y grupo sin tratamiento. Les hemos realizado visitas médicas seriadas de control junto con analíticas de rutina y ecografías obstétricas de crecimiento y hemos determinando la incidencia de complicaciones de la gestación derivadas de la insuficiencia placentaria: preeclampsia, RCIU, óbito fetal y desprendimiento de placenta normalmente inserta en los dos grupos de estudio. La incidencia de complicaciones derivadas de la insuficiencia placentaria en las pacientes de riesgo ha sido del 33,45%: hemos encontrado 8,63% de Preeclampsia, 11,87% de Retraso de Crecimiento Intrauterino, 1,44% de Óbito fetal y 8,63% de Desprendimiento de Placenta Normalmente Inserta sin objetivar diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre ambos grupos. Las complicaciones maternas secundarias al desarrollo de PE y RCIU han sido: 0,72 %. Y la tasa de complicaciones perinatales ha sido del 14,75%, sin hallar tampoco diferencias en los resultados entre ambos grupos. Basado en nuestros resultados, no recomendamos el tratamiento con HBPM en las pacientes de riesgo seleccionadas según antecedentes obstétricos o según el cribado de riesgo de preeclampsia en el primer trimestre en la práctica estándar, excepto para aquellas pacientes que presenten un estudio de trombofilia positivo u otros criterios de riesgo para la profilaxis de trombosis., Preeclampsia remains one of the leading causes of severe maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity. In our country, it is the second cause responsible for maternal mortality and the cause of 15% of preterm deliveries, which is associated with a 5% increase in perinatal mortality. Patients with a history of preeclampsia in the previous gestation have a risk of recurrence that varies according to the populations studied between 7% - 15% being greater in cases of early onset (25%), in patients with a history of delayed growth Intrauterine (IUGR) the risk of recurrence is almost 10%. Based on the usefulness of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) treatment in patients with thrombophilia, and despite the lack of studies with sufficient scientific evidence, it has been suggested that treatment with LMWH at prophylactic doses may be effective in those patients With a history of early preeclampsia, IUGR, fetal death or DPPNI in next gestations, although the thrombophilia study is negative. There is also a need to evaluate the effectiveness of this prophylactic treatment in women at risk selected from a screening test in the first trimester including those patients with increased resistance in the Doppler flow of the uterine arteries at 11-13 weeks and to pregnant women with a high risk according to a combined screening based on maternal history, uterine artery Doppler, PAPP-A levels and mean arterial tension in the first trimester, validated in the study population. We have designed this study for evaluate if the administration of LMWH at prophylactic doses before week 16 of gestation in these risk patients can prevent the materno-fetal complications derived from placental insufficiency by randomizing the patients in two branches: group of treatment with LMWH and untreated group. We have performed serial medical check-ups along with routine analytic and obstetric ultrasound scans and we have determined the incidence of complications of gestation due to placental insufficiency: preeclampsia, IUGR, fetal death and placental abruption normally inserted in the two groups study. The incidence of complications resulting from placental insufficiency in this patients was 33,45%: we found 8.63% of preeclampsia, 11.87% of intrauterine growth retardation, 1.44% of fetal death and 8,63% placental abruption normally inserted without objectifying statistically significant differences between both groups. The maternal complications secondary to the development of preeclampsia and IUGR were: 0.72%. And the rate of perinatal complications was 14.75%, without finding any differences in the results between both groups. Based on our results, we don’t recommend treatment with LMWH in risk patients selected according to obstetric history or according to risk screening for preeclampsia in the first trimester in standard practice, except for those patients who have a positive thrombophilia or have risk criteria for prophylaxis of thrombosis.
- Published
- 2017
47. Factibilidad del uso de bivalirudina como anticoagulante en soporte vital extracorpóreo
- Author
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Tomás Regueira, Rocio Agliatti, Marcela Palavecino, Christian Fajardo, Nicolette Van Sint Jan, Pablo Hasbún, and Rodrigo Díaz
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Oxygenators ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Antithrombins ,03 medical and health sciences ,Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation ,Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia ,Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation ,Medicine ,Bivalirudin ,In patient ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Heparin ,Anticoagulants ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Thrombosis ,Surgery ,030104 developmental biology ,surgical procedures, operative ,Anesthesia ,business ,medicine.drug ,Partial thromboplastin time - Abstract
Background: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is used with increasing frequency in patients with respiratory and cardiac failure. The achievement of an adequate anticoagulation is critical to avoid patient and circuit complications. Aim: To assess the feasibility and safety of anticoagulation with bivalirudin, as an alternative to unfractionated heparin (UFH), in patient with ECMO. Material and Methods: Observational study, which included all patients receiving anticoagulation with bivalirudin during ECMO, according to a standardized protocol, between august 2015 to May 2016. Results: Bivalirudin was used in 13 out 70 patients connected to ECMO. Ten procedures were for cardiac support and three for respiratory support. Mortality was 43%. ECMO lasted 31 ± 31 days. The time of UFH use before changing to bivalirudin was 7 ± 7 days. The reasons to change to bivalirudin were inadequate levels of partial thromboplastin time (PTT) in nine patients, and heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) in four patients. The time of bivalirudin use was 24 ± 33 days. Per patient, a mean of 2.7 ± 4 oxygenators were changed. These had a useful life of 11.4 and 19.1 days during UFH and bivalirudin use, respectively. The mean bivalirudin dose was 0.08 ± 0.04 mg/kg/h. There was no significant bleeding, thrombosis or circuit obstruction during its use. PTT levels (p < 0.01) and platelet count (p < 0.01) increased significantly after the start of bivalirudin use in patients with UHF resistance and HIT, respectively. Conclusions: Bivalirudin was a safe and efficient drug for anticoagulation during ECMO. It is important to have an alternative drug for anticoagulation in ECMO patients.
- Published
- 2017
48. Estudio de la eficacia de sellado en el periodo interdialítico largo para catéteres de hemodiálisis disfuncionantes
- Author
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Arribas Cobo, Patricia, Rodríguez Gayán, Pilar, Sáenz Santolaya, José Alfredo, Quesada Armenteros, M.ª Trinidad, Molina Mejías, Patricia, and Quero Lope, Cristina
- Subjects
Catheter ,Taurolidine ,Sealed ,Sellado ,Heparin ,Taurolidina ,Heparina ,Catéter - Abstract
El sellado de los catéteres venosos tunelizados con distintas soluciones se ha utilizado tanto en la prevención como en el tratamiento de complicaciones, sin embargo, no existe la solución ideal. El objetivo del estudio es comparar las complicaciones de de los catéteres disfuncionantes con diferentes pautas de sellado de fin de semana, Urokinasa 10.000 UI vs TauroLockTM-U25.000, así como eficacia dialítica de los mismos. Se trata de un estudio observacional longitudinal de cohorte en el que se analizan los casos de infección, trombosis y funcionalidad del catéter tunelizado. Se incluyen sólo los pacientes con catéter disfuncionante que tenían previamente prescrita una pauta de sellado con urokinasa en el periodo interdialítico largo. El periodo de estudio fue de cuatro meses; dos con sellado con 10.000 UI de Urokinasa y dos con sellado de TauroLockTM-U25.000. Las medias de Urokinasa vs Taurolidina: flujo sanguíneo, PV, recirculación, KT (53.3/55L), manipulación y dosis extra de urokinasa fueron mejor en el periodo de Taurolock, aunque no se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas. La media de PA es cercana a la significación (p=0.067) mejor también en el periodo de Taurolock. Hubo una diferencia en la media de KT favorable al periodo de Taurolock que no tiene significación estadística y es exclusivo de los pacientes que no necesitaron urokinasa extra. La principal limitación de nuestro estudio es el tamaño muestral que puede ser el responsable en parte, de la ausencia de significación estadística. Son necesarios estudios con mayor número de pacientes. The sealing of the tunneled venous catheters with different solutions has been used both in prevention and in the treatment of complications, however, there is no ideal solution. The aim of the study is to compare the complications of dysfunctional catheters with different weekend sealing patterns, Urokinase 10,000 IU vs TauroLockTM -U25,000, as well as dialytic efficacy of both substances. A longitudinal observational cohort study in which the cases of infection, thrombosis and functionality of the tunneled catheter were analyzed. Only patients with a dysfunctioning catheter who had previously prescribed a sealing pattern with urokinase in the long interdialytic period were included. The study period was four months; two months sealed with 10,000 IU of Urokinase and the other ones, sealed with TauroLockTM -U25,000. Urokinase vs Taurolidine averages: blood flow, venous pressure, recirculation, KT (53.3 / 55L), manipulation and extra doses of urokinase were better in the Taurolock period, although no statistically significant differences were found. The mean arterial pressure is close to the significance (p = 0.067), also better in the Taurolock period. There was a difference in the KT mean, favorable to the Taurolock period, which has no statistical significance and is exclusive to patients who did not require extra urokinase. The main limitation of our study is the sample size that may be partly responsible for the absence of statistical significance. Studies with more patients are necessary.
- Published
- 2017
49. [Bilateral adrenal hemorrhage after severe COVID-19 infection. Report of one case].
- Author
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Miranda R, Raurich R, Aris R, Ramírez D, and Hidalgo C
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- Hemorrhage etiology, Heparin, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, SARS-CoV-2, Adrenal Gland Diseases diagnostic imaging, Adrenal Gland Diseases etiology, COVID-19
- Abstract
We report a 47-year-old male with a severe disease caused by COVID-19, who required mechanical ventilation for 18 ays. During the hospital stay he received dexamethasone and anticoagulation with heparin. After discharge a new chest CT scan showed homogeneous hypo vascular enlargement of both adrenal glands, not present in the initial imaging studies. It was interpreted as a subacute bilateral adrenal hemorrhage. The patient remained stable and without any complaint.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Anticoagulación estratificada por riesgos
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Andrés Romero-Polini, Max Méndez-López, and Stanley Grant-Villegas
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,lcsh:R ,Warfarin ,Medicine ,lcsh:Medicine ,Heparin ,business ,medicine.disease ,Intensive care medicine ,Thrombosis ,Venous thromboembolism ,medicine.drug - Abstract
El tromboembolismo venoso es una causa de morbilidad y mortalidad importante en todo el mundo. El manejo adecuado de los pacientes anticoagulados es fundamental en su evolución. El establecimiento de clínicas de anticoagulación ha demostrado reducir complicaciones y mejorar el manejo de los pacientes que reciben esta terapia cuando se toman decisiones basadas en la evidencia. La presente revisión pretende plantear una guía para facilitar las decisiones, estratificando pacientes según el riesgo de sangrado utilizando escalas previamente validadas para el manejo de pacientes con problemas trombóticos.
- Published
- 2014
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