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Foodborne pathogen contamination of fermented food is an increasingly concerned problem in food industry. The types and sources of harmful microorganisms in food are discussed in this paper. The main techniques used to detect microorganisms are summarized. In addition, strategies for controlling these harmful microorganisms are discussed. By highlighting these important aspects, this paper aims to contribute to strengthening food quality assurance and promoting safer food practices.

ABSTRACT This study was conducted to investigate the polymorphism of the silence information regulator 5 (SIRT5) gene in 103 Congjiang Xiang pigs from Southwest China. We searched for SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) loci of SIRT5 gene through sequence alignment and PCR. We obtained nine SNP loci: g.14135 A>C (intron 6), g.14247 C>A (intron 6), g.14305 C>T (exon 7), g.14335 C>T (exon 7), g.16603 T>C (intron 7), g.16613 T>C (intron 7), g.16800 G>A (intron 7), g.16812 C>G (intron 7), and g.16916 A>G (exon 8). Further analysis of SNP genotypes associated with the carcass traits of skin thickness, backfat thickness, and eye muscle area was carried out in pigs. We found that the genotypes g.14305 C>T (CC) and g.16812 C>G (CG) had certain advantages for improving the carcass traits of Congjiang Xiang pigs. The haplotype combination of the SIRT5 gene that improved skin thickness was H2H3:CCGGCTCA. These results may provide empirical support for molecular-based breeding of carcass traits in Congjiang Xiang pigs.

ABSTRACT To explore the functions of Txnip and its mechanism in adipocyte differentiation, the preadipocytes were isolated from subcutaneous adipose tissue of three-day-old piglets and induced into adipogenic differentiation. The expression of Txnip and ChREBP was silenced, and the Txnip overexpression was achieved in the cells with transfection of the recombinant lentivirus strategies. Txnip silencing promoted the differentiation of porcine preadipocytes and PPARγ expression, and a PPARγ inhibitor reduced this facilitation. Instead, Txnip overexpression exerted a suppressive effect on the cell differentiation and PPARγ expression, and the PPARγ agonist offset this inhibition. High glucose stimulated the preadipocyte differentiation and expressions of ChREBP and Txnip. In contrast, Txnip expression was reduced by ChREBP silencing, suggesting glucose-regulated Txnip expression through the mediation of ChREBP. Moreover, the expressions of ChREBP and Glut4 induced by high glucose and glucose uptake of the cells were reduced by Txnip-overexpression, but increased by Txnip silencing, while these changes of Txnip did not alter their expressions under low glucose. Collectively, Txnip could be an inhibitor of porcine preadipocyte differentiation, which attenuated the adipogenesis through the negative feedback regulation on PPARγ. Txnip impaired the induction of glucose on the preadipocyte differentiation through decreasing Glut4 expression and glucose uptake and subsequent decrease of the expression and transcriptional activity of ChREBP.

ABSTRACT This paper discusses the design of a safflower picking robot control system and focuses on a navigation control subsystem based on multisensor fusion. A navigation subsystem, an identification and positioning subsystem, a picking subsystem, and a levelling subsystem are designed. The hardware and software of the navigation subsystem are designed in detail, and a multisensor fusion positioning method based on extended Kalman fusion technology is proposed. The accuracy and stability levels of different combined navigation methods are compared. To test the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed method, an outdoor test is carried out. The test results show that the outdoor fusion positioning accuracy of the robot is less than 8 cm, and when the satellite signal is lost, the navigation control subsystem can still provide high positioning accuracy. The final positioning result obtained using the integrated positioning method of the wheel odometer + IMU + DGNSS is approximately 52% higher than that of the odometer, approximately 29% higher than that of the wheel odometer + IMU, and approximately 11% higher than that of the IMU + DGNSS.

A aquisição do artigo é um processo no qual os aprendentes de L2 estabelecem gradualmente um valor semântico apropriado para o parâmetro do artigo. Segundo a Hipótese de Flutuação (Ionin, 2003), os aprendentes de uma L2 flutuam entre a marcação dos traços de definitude e de especificidade na escolha do artigo, o que é considerado uma propriedade temporária do sistema da sua interlíngua. Com uma longa exposição ao input da L2, os aprendentes vão estabelecendo o valor paramétrico adequado do artigo. O presente estudo visou testar, junto dos aprendentes chineses cuja L1 não possui este sistema linguístico, a validade da Hipótese de Flutuação. Os dados corroboraram a flutuação na escolha de artigos portugueses por este grupo de aprendentes de nível A2/B1 de proficiência em português, tendo apontado para o input de L2 e a Gramática Universal como fontes de conhecimento linguístico a que os aprendentes chineses recorrem para a aquisição do artigo em português. Esta pesquisa poderá contribuir como suporte teórico para o ensino do artigo em português a aprendentes chineses.

Objective: Liver cancer is the fifth most common cancer in the world. Research on the pathogenesis and detailed molecular mechanisms of liver cancer is very important. The immune system plays an important role in regulating the incidence and metastasis of liver cancer. Materials and methods: This work collected 20 blood samples from patients with clinical hepatocellular carcinoma without metastasis, 20 blood samples from patients with metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma, and 20 blood samples from healthy subjects. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the content of Treg and Th2 cells in the three groups of blood samples. Immunofluorescence was applied to analyze the relative expression of CTLA-4 and CD28 in lymphocytes of each group of blood samples. Western blot was used to analyze the T cell surface protein CTLA-4, CD28, GATA3, and FOXP3 expression in each group of blood samples. Results: The expression of CD28 and GATA3 in the blood of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma without metastasis was obviously higher than that of patients with metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma, which is contrary to the expression trend of CTLA-4 and FOXP3, and corresponds to the content ratio of Treg and Th2 cells, thus verifying the relationship between Treg/Th2 ratio and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Conclusions: In the microenvironment of liver cancer, the ratio of Treg/Th2 will increase significantly, thereby promoting the metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Um traço diferenciador entre a língua portuguesa e a língua chinesa é que a primeira possui um sistema de artigos e a segunda recorre a outros mecanismos para marcar a definitude no sintagma nominal (SN). O presente trabalho compara as duas línguas, descrevendo a relação entre os dois sistemas de marcação de determinação e os tipos de SN classificados com base no modelo dos dois traços binários de Huebner (1983), segundo o qual o uso do artigo depende das propriedades semânticas do SN. Os resultados do estudo comparativo contribuem para ajudar os alunos de língua materna chinesa a entender melhor como aplicar corretamente os artigos portugueses, estando cientes de que os artigos portugueses codificam a definitude, não a especificidade.

Um traço diferenciador da língua portuguesa e da língua chinesa é que a primeira possui o sistema de artigos e a segunda recorre a outros mecanismos para marcar o estado definido ou indefinido de sintagma nominal (SN). O presente trabalho compara as duas línguas, descrevendo a relação entre os dois sistemas de marcação de determinação e os tipos de SN classificados com base no modelo dos dois traços binários de Huebner (1983), segundo o qual o uso do artigo depende da função semântica de SN. Os resultados do estudo comparativo ajudam os alunos de língua materna chinesa a entender melhor como aplicar corretamente os artigos portugueses, estando cientes que os artigos portugueses codificam a definitude, não a especificidade.

We explore how two “happenings” representing different political, social, historical and economic influences converge to shape the narratives of preservice teachers and teacher educators in West Virginia. These happenings are the 2017-2018 edTPA roll out and the teacher strike of February 2018. We use the framework of sensemaking to explore preservice teacher and teacher educator identity/agency using a phenomenological analysis of narratives accessed through narrative portfolios, artifacts, and interviews with pre-service teachers, mentors (supervising teachers), and teacher educators. We found that the confluence of these political moments reinforced a neoliberal orientation for both preservice teachers and teacher educators, positioning preservice teachers to expect teacher educators to intensively support the edTPA and ensure their success while silencing the collective history and moral imperative of protest. Preservice teachers and some mentors reframed the edTPA as a pathway to increased teacher pay/meritocracy by linking it with the National Boards, yet there were pockets of resistance within this among both preservice teachers and teacher educators. These findings are important for informing educational policy and practice around both corporate involvement in assessment/accountability policy and preservice teachers’ and teacher educators’ roles in protest at this moment when both are expanding simultaneously.

FCS2281, a 3-page fact sheet by Jing Zhang and Kate Fogarty, offers a fresh perspective on homeless youth. While these youth are often viewed as deviant and low in self-control, recent research finds that they have numerous strengths and efficiently use various resources to their advantage. The publication advocates taking a strengths-based (rather than problem-based) perspective when helping these youth. Published by the UF Department of Family, Youth and Community Sciences, October 2007.

Introduction: Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) readmission contributes considerably to the worse outcomes for COPD patients. Predictors for readmission include some socio-demographic variables and the severity of the underlying disease, however, few evidence suggested whether persistently heightened airway or systemic inflammation was related to recurrence of AECOPD. The aim of this study was to evaluate role of airway and systemic inflammatory biomarkers during AECOPD on predicting readmission for AECOPD., Methods: Consecutive hospitalized patients with AECOPD were recruited. Inflammatory and clinical indices were evaluated at the day of admission before starting therapy and the day of planned discharge (day 10-14). Predictors for readmission were assessed by binary logistic regression model., Results: 93 patients were included with 51 patients (54.8%) were readmitted due to AECOPD at least once during 1 year following the index admission. The logistic regression model indicated that age (OR=1.072, 95%CI: 1.012-1.135, P=.017), hs-CRP (high sensitive-C reactive protein) at day 14 (OR=1.392, 95%CI: 1.131-1.712, P=.002), CAT value at day 14 (OR=1.12, 95%CI: 1.031-1.217, P=.007) were the independent variables statistically significant in predicting rehospitalization., Conclusion: Systemic inflammatory marker CRP was a better predictor of readmission than sputum inflammatory markers. CAT score and age were also useful to predict readmission., (Copyright © 2014 SEPAR. Published by Elsevier Espana. All rights reserved.)