1. [Microbiological diagnosis of bronchopulmonary colonization-infection in cystic fibrosis].
- Author
-
Oliver A, Alarcón T, Caballero E, and Cantón R
- Subjects
- Age Factors, Anti-Bacterial Agents adverse effects, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Biofilms drug effects, Child, Child, Preschool, Cystic Fibrosis microbiology, Disease Susceptibility, Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections diagnosis, Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections epidemiology, Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections microbiology, Humans, Lung Diseases, Fungal diagnosis, Lung Diseases, Fungal epidemiology, Lung Diseases, Fungal etiology, Lung Diseases, Fungal microbiology, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus immunology, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolation & purification, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Microbiological Techniques, Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection diagnosis, Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection epidemiology, Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection etiology, Respiratory Tract Infections diagnosis, Respiratory Tract Infections epidemiology, Respiratory Tract Infections microbiology, Staphylococcal Infections diagnosis, Staphylococcal Infections epidemiology, Staphylococcal Infections etiology, Virus Diseases diagnosis, Virus Diseases epidemiology, Virus Diseases etiology, Bronchi microbiology, Cystic Fibrosis complications, Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections etiology, Lung microbiology, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus pathogenicity, Respiratory Tract Infections etiology
- Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF), a condition produced by mutations in the gene that encodes the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, is the most prevalent autosomal-recessive hereditary disease in caucasian populations. Among other repercussions, this defect leads to an alteration of respiratory secretions and determines a predisposition for chronic bronchopulmonary colonization-infection, which is the main driver of the high morbidity and early mortality of CF patients. Colonization by Staphylococcus aureus and Haemophilus influenzae is frequent in children younger than 10 years, but mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa is by far the most relevant pathogen in adults with CF and is responsible for the progressive bronchopulmonary deterioration. As a consequence of repeated, long-lasting antimicrobial treatments and deterioration of lung function, colonization by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli, such as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Achromobacter spp. and Burkholderia cepacia complex, is also frequent in adult CF patients. The special characteristics of the pathologic process and the microorganisms implicated in CF make it advisable to consider microbiological follow-up of chronic bronchopulmonary colonization-infection in these patients a specific diagnostic entity.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF