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Background: Pyomyositis is a purulent infection involving the skeletal muscle. Although it was initially described in tropical countries, is it ever more frequently found in warm climates., Methods: A review of the clinical histories of the admission of patients in the Internal and Infectious Medicine Units over the period from May 1992 to April 1994 (1818 admissions) was carried out analyzing those in whom the diagnosis was of pyomyositis. This diagnosis was performed by clinical data and radiologic and microbiologic confirmation., Results: Five patients diagnosed with pyomyositis were found. Of the five cases, four were men with ages ranging from 27 to 64 years. In most of the cases more than one muscle group was involved and only two cases showed predisposing factors (history of injury and DM). The existence of abscesses was shown by echography in 3 cases and by CAT in 2 cases. Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequently isolated microorganism. The five patients underwent medical treatment and surgical treatment was also performed in 2 achieving satisfactory evolution., Conclusions: Imaging techniques (echography and CAT) effectively contribute to the diagnosis of pyomyositis. Medical treatment, associated with surgery in some cases, achieved satisfactory evolution. The incidence of pyomyositis is probably greater than what has been recognized to date.