1. Syndrome of transient headache and neurological deficits with cerebrospinal fluid lymphocytosis (HaNDL) in a patient with confusional symptoms, diffuse EEG abnormalities, and bilateral vasospasm in transcranial Doppler ultrasound: A case report and literature review.
- Author
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Hidalgo de la Cruz M, Domínguez Rubio R, Luque Buzo E, Díaz Otero F, Vázquez Alén P, Orcajo Rincón J, Prieto Montalvo J, Contreras Chicote A, and Grandas Pérez F
- Subjects
- Adult, Confusion physiopathology, Electroencephalography, Headache cerebrospinal fluid, Humans, Lymphocytosis cerebrospinal fluid, Male, Nervous System Diseases cerebrospinal fluid, Syndrome, Time Factors, Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial, Vasospasm, Intracranial diagnostic imaging, Confusion complications, Headache complications, Lymphocytosis complications, Nervous System Diseases complications, Vasospasm, Intracranial complications
- Abstract
Introduction: HaNDL syndrome (transient headache and neurological deficits with cerebrospinal fluid lymphocytosis) is characterised by one or more episodes of headache and transient neurological deficits associated with cerebrospinal fluid lymphocytosis. To date, few cases of HaNDL manifesting with confusional symptoms have been described. Likewise, very few patients with HaNDL and confusional symptoms have been evaluated with transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD). TCD data from patients with focal involvement reveal changes consistent with vasomotor alterations., Development: We present the case of a 42-year-old man who experienced headache and confusional symptoms and displayed pleocytosis, diffuse slow activity on EEG, increased blood flow velocity in both middle cerebral arteries on TCD, and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) findings suggestive of diffuse involvement, especially in the left hemisphere., Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first description of a patient with HaNDL, confusional symptoms, diffuse slow activity on EEG, and increased blood flow velocity in TCD. Our findings suggest a relationship between cerebral vasomotor changes and the pathophysiology of HaNDL. TCD may be a useful tool for early diagnosis of HaNDL., (Copyright © 2017 Sociedad Española de Neurología. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2019
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