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Introduction: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Blood donors are an apparently healthy population in which certain cardiometabolic characteristics are not evaluated in their selection, and there is limited information on their presence., Aim: To determine the frequency of metabolic syndrome and its metabolic characteristics in blood donors. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional study was carried in a population of 244 blood donors between 18 and 55 years of age who attended the Hemotherapy and Blood Bank Service of the Cayetano Heredia Hospital in Lima, Perú during the month of May 2023. The diagnosis of MS was made according to the Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) criteria. A bivariate analysis was performed between MS and metabolic characteristics with sex and a significance level of 5% was considered., Results: 63.9% of blood donors were male. 43.6% of the population had MS. The most frequent characteristics found were hypertriglyceridemia (54.5%), abdominal obesity (51.2%) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) low (48.8%). The age range of 40 to 49 years presented the highest frequency of MS (14.3%). Hypertriglyceridemia and high blood pressure were associated with male sex (p=0.003 and p=0.019 respectively), while low HDL was associated with female sex (p<0.001)., Conclusions: Blood donors present an elevated frequency of MS. The detection of MS in apparently healthy populations as part of primary care could allow the formulation of strategies for early detection of cardiovascular risk factors., (Universidad Nacional de Córdoba)

Introduction: Background: the relationship of uric acid and the development of cardiometabolic diseases has been studied in recent years. However, the controversy continues to consider this finding as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease at early ages. The objective was to establish the prevalence of serum levels of altered uric acid and its association with the metabolic syndrome components in adolescents from Bucaramanga, Colombia. Methods: an analytical cross-sectional study, nested in a population cohort, with a sample of 494 re-contacted adolescents from the original study. The dependent variables were metabolic syndrome and its component criteria. The main independent variable was uric acid values, classified into two categories: uric acid at risk (values greater than 5.5 mg/dl) and high uric acid (greater than 6.5 mg/dl). Logistic regression models were used, adjusted for sex, age and body mass index to determine the association between the variables of interest. Results: the prevalence of uric acid at risk was 37.25% (CI 95%, 32.9-41.5) and the proportion of high uric acid was 18.42% (CI 95%, 14.9-21, 8), significantly higher in men than in women (p < 0.0001). Adolescents with high levels of uric acid were more likely to have abdominal obesity (OR: 3.03, CI 95% 1.38-6.64), high blood pressure (OR: 1.11, CI 95%, 1.05-2.07), hypertriglyceridemia (OR: 4.94, CI 95%, 2.98-8.19) and altered fasting glycemia (OR: 5.15, CI 95%, 3.42-11.05). Conclusions: the results suggest the existence of a positive relationship between the presence of high levels of uric acid and metabolic cardio-risk factors.

Background: Dyslipidemias in childhood increase the risk of cardiovascular events in adult life., Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of dyslipidemia and risk of atherogenicity based in the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) in a sample of school children and adolescents., Material and Methods: Cross-sectional study of 208 children aged 10.4 ± 1.0 years (107 women). Demographic data were obtained, and a clinical evaluation was conducted, including pubertal development according to Tanner and anthropometric parameters. A fasting blood sample was obtained to measure total cholesterol (CT), HDL cholesterol (cHDL) and triglycerides (TG), glucose and insulin. LDL cholesterol (cLDL), Non-HDL cholesterol and the indices CT/cHDL, cLDL/cHDL and AIP (log[TG/cHDL]) were calculated. Risk categories according to AIP for the pediatric population were also determined (low: AIP < 0.11, intermediate: AIP 0.11-0.21, high: AIP > 0.21)., Results: Thirty eight percent of participants had dyslipidemia, without differences by gender and pubertal development. The frequency of dyslipidemia was significantly higher in children with obesity (54%, p < 0.01) and a waist circumference over percentile 90 (61%; p < 0.01). The later conditions had also higher CT/cHDL, cLDL/cHDL and AIP. According to AIP, 54% of children had a high atherogenicity risk along with alterations in anthropometric parameters and insulin resistance. All anthropometric and insulin resistance parameters were significantly correlated with the AIP., Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of dyslipidemia in the studied population, which is associated with an increased cardiometabolic risk. The indices of atherogenicity and particularly AIP are correlated with nutritional status, abdominal obesity and parameters of insulin resistance.

Objective: To obtain local reference values for blood lipids and blood pressure (BP), and to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in children and adolescents from Mérida, Venezuela, and to compare results using local and international cut-off values., Materials and Methods: The study enrolled 916 participants of both sexes aged 9-18 years of age from educational institutions. Demographic, anthropometric, and BP data were collected. Fasting blood glucose and lipid profile were measured. Percentile distribution of lipid and BP values was done by age group and sex. Prevalence of MS was estimated based on the NCEP-ATPIII classification (as modified by Cook et al.) and the classification of the International Diabetes Federation, using percentiles of Mérida and the USA as cut-off points. Agreement between both classifications was estimated using the kappa test (κ)., Results: Prevalence of MS was 2.2% by Cook-Merida percentiles, as compared to 1.8% by Cook-USA percentiles, a moderate agreement (κ=0.54). Agreement between Cook et al. and IDF using Merida percentiles was weak (κ=0.28). There was a higher frequency of abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia and hypertension, and a lower frequency of low HDL-C using Mérida percentiles. The risk (odds ratio) of having MS is greater if abdominal obesity exists (OR: 98.63, CI: 22.45-433.35, p=0.0001). MS was significantly more common in obese subjects (18.3%, p=0.0001)., Conclusions: Prevalence of MS in this sample of children and adolescents was 2.2%. Lipid and BP values were lower in Venezuelan as compared to US, European, and Asian children and adolescents, and similar to those in Latin-American references. Own reference values are required for accurate diagnosis of MS, as well as a worldwide consensus on its diagnostic criteria., (Copyright © 2014 SEEN. Published by Elsevier Espana. All rights reserved.)