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By means of a jurisprudential sociological method, there will be studied the Judgment T-025 of 2004 and the follow-ups of the Constitutional Court, to determine how there has been established a legal frame that seeks to return the rights of the victims of the forced displacement. Finally, one will present the panorama of the forced displacement of the indigenous peoples, after the signature of the Peace agreement of November 12, 2016.

Not only should Alfonso X “the Wise” be remembered for his great work in all aspects of cultural life, but also for being constantly engaged in warfare. The purpose of this essay is to show the aggressive and decisive military activity carried out by this monarch before and after the Mudejar revolt in 1264-1266, and his important contribution to the Reconquest. By analyzing the above mentioned activity in detail, we will conclude that the periods of war were longer than the periods of peace during the time of his reign.

This paper is the result of research conducted over the past three years in the field of basic education in Mexico, on the growth of enrollment in urban schools for migratory reasons and discrimination, exclusion and marginalization against several people with characteristics ethnic, linguistic, religious, sexual or disabled character. Manifestations of violence in urban schools, impose qualitative changes between the school community and school dynamics therefore recover the Intercultural Education and Dialogue of Knowledge for Peace, as proposed otherness and attention to students, regardless of their physical, intellectual, social, emotional and linguistic conditions.

Abstract – This paper investigates the metaphorical conceptualization of peace by former leaders George W. Bush, Ariel Sharon, and Mahmoud Abbas. Specifically, it examines how peace/the peace process is conceptualized via metaphors through the notion of JOURNEY and MOVEMENT. The corpus in this study comprises twenty speeches given by the three politicians over a four-year period (2002-2005). The corpus data is analyzed using a combination of different methods. The tools are mainly Conceptual Metaphor Theory (Lakoff and Johnson 1980), the MIPVU procedure (Steen et al. 2010), and Critical Metaphor Analysis (Charteris-Black 2004). Findings reveal that JOURNEY metaphors are a vital and common part of the three politicians’ political discourse. Overall, there are very few metaphors for peace unique to the individual politicians. The main differences observed lie not in which metaphors are used, but in what aspects of peace or the peace process they are used to highlight.Keywords: metaphor identification, conceptual metaphor, Critical Metaphor Analysis, political discourse, peace.

Attending to the inivitation for participating into the First International Seminary on Conflict Resolution and Peace Construction, we decided to inquire and write on “The mission of philosophical speech about Peace Construction, because we think that is more important to talk about social phenomenon of peace than about social phenomenon of violence, in spite of the tendency of investigating is to study violent facts. In our case, we have preferred to choose for examination and support the proposal of Alfono Fernández Herrería and Mary del Carmen López López on System-Complex Epistemology to built peace. At the same time we follow the Antropic Philosophy of Tomaso Bugossi in order to describe next points: an integral concept of human being like subject-person, distinction among Philosophy and philosophies, mission of a philosophical speech and construction of peace.

The building of the modern state in Europe was part of an historic process that reacted to the violence of the Wars of Religion (16th to 17th centuries) and established the bases of peace and order for modern life in the West. This article reviews the theoretical bases of the theory of the state in terms of a Hobbesian dualism, symbolized by the figures of Leviathan (peace, order) and Behemoth (violence, anomie), in order to examine the historic failure in Colombia to construct a modern state. In effect, Colombia has been unable to construct an impersonal entity capable of subduing its multiple armed competitors and creating the conditions for peace and order.

Recently, the spread of social media has undoubtedly contributed to further increasing the potential of civil society mobilizations. The ease of access to new communication technologies enhances the po- tential of civic movements, but it is still necessary to focus on the relationship between the creation and stability of digital ties and the sustainability of collective action. This article aims to examine the first and largest global civil mobilization promoted through a So- cial Network Site: the massive march on February 4th 2008 against the FARC, the Colombian guerrilla group. The objective is to analyze, several years after the fact, the characteristics and effects of this mo- bilization, which originated on the web to become a huge global march. Through the analysis of the literature it presents some reflections on the nature of these new forms of online activism, their potential and limits. Specifically, the case in question comprises a form of collective action that, while displaying impressive speed and the capacity to mobilize many people thanks to the new medium of communication, at the same time reveals its dependence on external actors with the ability to manipulate it for their own ends as well as its weakness in generating a thorough prospect for social change that can truly impact on Columbian society in the long run. In conclusion the present work shows that, in a complex environment characterized by high levels of conflict, the resources provided by ‘revolutionary’ new media are not sufficient to achieve concrete social change because the web, like a mirror, simply brings the same contradictions found in real space into a virtual space. Therefore, we suggest looking beyond the emotional impact produced by new media and more carefully analyzing the real dynamics of conflicts and the inevitable ‘imbrication’ of the digital and non-digital.

Pope John Paul II was the Head of the Catholic Church from October, 16th 1978 till April, 2nd, 2005. When he took over Peter’s Chair he put on notice that he wanted to be close to all people and all nations in the world showing the understanding and building trust with everyone. Soon all the nations and all the people around the world became his collocutors. In the first part of his pontifical serving he tried to bring closer people and nations, regardless of which political block they belonged to. After changes in the nineteen nineties, he untiringly pleaded for the protection of “little” people, cultures, particularities and every individual in the world of globalization. He was a man of ecumenism and dialogue. He was tireless in building peace among nations. Till the last moment of his life he didn’t stop with emphasizing the importance of a human life and a man’s dignity. He knew how to communicate with every person, regardless of age, sex, religious affiliation, nation, race or social status.