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En este estudio se utilizó un nuevo tipo de floculante microbiano combinado con coagulante de cloruro férrico de polialuminio (PAFC) en el experimento de coagulación-floculación de agua de limo de carbón. Se investigaron los efectos de la dosis de PAFC, la dosis de biofloculante y el pH sobre la turbidez y la demanda química de oxígeno (COD) del agua de limo de carbón. Los resultados mostraron que las mejores condiciones para eliminar la turbidez del agua de limo y la COD mediante la prueba de factor único fueron las siguientes: la dosis de PAFC fue de 37.5 mg/l, la dosis de biofloculante fue de 0.75 mg/l y el pH fue de 7.0. A través de la prueba ortogonal se identificó que los factores más influyentes para la turbidez y eliminación de COD son el pH y la dosis de PAFC, respectivamente. La mejor condición de la coagulación-floculación fue con una dosis de PAFC de 50.0 mg/l, una dosis de biofloculante de 0.5 mg/l y el pH de 7.0. Bajo esta condición, se obtuvo una eficiencia de remoción de turbidez del 93.2 % y una eficiencia de remoción de COD del 47.2 %.

Phytoextraction has emerged as a novel approach to clean up metal-polluted soils in which plants are used to transfer toxic metals from soils to shoots. This review provides a synthesis of current knowledge on phytoextraction of metals from soils and their accumulation in plants. The objective is to integrate soil-related (root exudates and chemical amendments) and biological advances to suggest research needs and future directions. As far as can be deduced from the literature, it will be some time before phytoextraction may be established as a commercial technology. For chemically-assisted phytoextraction, research has not shown easily biodegradable compounds to overcome the risks associated with the use of EDTA for poorly available metals in soils. On the other hand, significant progress has been made on the physiological and molecular aspects regarding tolerance and phytoaccumulation of metals in plants. A multidisciplinary approach is warranted to make phytoextraction a feasible commercial technology to remediate metal-polluted soils.A fitoextração é uma tecnologia emergente para despoluição de solos contaminados por metais pesados que usa plantas para transferir metais do solo para a parte aérea, a qual pode ser removida da área poluída. Esta revisão apresenta uma síntese do atual conhecimento sobre fitoextração de metais pesados do solo e sua acumulação em plantas. O objetivo é integrar em uma mesma discussão os avanços relacionados à química do solo (exsudação radicular e adição de agentes quelantes para aumentar a absorção) e à biologia (tolerância a metais e melhoramento genético) visando sugerir futuras pesquisas na área. Embora promissor, o atual estado de desenvolvimento da fitoextração ainda não permite estabelecê-la como uma tecnologia comercial. A pesquisa ainda não encontrou agentes quelantes facilmente biodegradáveis que possam substituir o EDTA na solubilização de metais pouco disponíveis em solos. Entretanto, significativos progressos têm sido feitos no entendimento dos mecanismos fisiológicos e moleculares de tolerância e acumulação de metais em plantas. Uma abordagem multidisciplinar dos vários aspectos que envolvem a fitoextração poderá tornar essa tecnologia econômica e ambientalmente viável a médio prazo.

ABSTRACT To quickly and accurately assess tea plant growth, this study aims to find a new way to predict the chlorophyll content in tea plant canopies using machine learning. Using remotely piloted aircraft equipped with multispectral cameras, images of tea plantation areas are captured and reflectance from four spectral bands is extracted, leading to the calculation of vegetation indices. Simultaneously, chlorophyll relative content in the tea plant canopies was collected on the ground using a detector. Four models, namely Random Forest (RF), Backpropagation neural network (BPNN), Radial basis function network (RBFN), and General Regression Neural Network (GRNN), were constructed to predict the chlorophyll relative content in tea plant canopies. Subsequently, important remote sensing variables were identified through RF filtering, followed by a comparison of the predictive performance of machine learning models under different input conditions. Lastly, by integrating the Sparrow Search Algorithm (SSA) to optimize the smoothing factor in the GRNN, the study explores the impact of optimization algorithms on the predictive performance of the GRNN model. Experiments indicate that within the established machine learning models, the GRNN demonstrates the highest predictive accuracy. By ranking the importance of remote sensing variables through RF, 18 significant remote sensing variables were selected, which enhanced the predictive accuracy of the machine learning models. The optimization of the GRNN smoothing factor through the SSA algorithm can significantly enhance the predictive accuracy of the GRNN model. Based on a series of experiments, the established RFSSA-GRNN prediction model demonstrates good predictive performance, with an reaching 0.84.

The rapid development of the new generation of digital technology has injected new vitality into the digital transformation (DT) and continued growth of enterprises. This paper selects data from China's A-share listed companies from 2010 to 2019 and uses transaction cost theory to empirically test the effect of enterprise digital transformation (EDT) on enterprise growth and its mechanism. Research has found that DT can significantly promote enterprise growth. The reduction of supply chain collaboration costs plays an important role as an intermediary mechanism in this process. At the same time, industry competition intensity, regional marketization level, and digital infrastructure level have played positive regulatory roles. In addition, when the enterprise's level of financing constraints is low and it is a manufacturing enterprise or state-owned enterprise, the promotion effect of EDT on enterprise growth is more significant. While expanding the research perspective and measurement methods of EDT, this paper integrates the strategic actions of EDT and the inter-enterprise collaboration costs of the supply chain into a unified theoretical framework, revealing a new theoretical mechanism for DT to promote enterprise growth. It also provides practical inspiration for relevant policy formulation and enterprise transformation and upgrading.

ABSTRACTCamellia oleifera（C. oleifera）is one of the four main woody oils of the world. Research on improving the productivity of C. oleifera has focused on the growth process, with much less research on the mechanism of lipid accumulation post-ripening. The present study analyzed the metabolism of C. oleifera fruit under light and temperature stress and identified the primary and secondary metabolites of C. oleifera fruit using UPLC-MS. A total of 878 metabolites were detected, including 152 primary metabolites and 726 secondary metabolites, with a total of 32 core differential metabolites analyzed using a Venn diagram. After KEGG database matching, the differential metabolites were mainly enriched in the aminoacyl-tRNA synthesis pathway, the arginine and proline metabolism pathway and other pathways. Light and temperature stresses may have induced the expression of abscisic acid, arginase, and synthesized upstream substances to increase the accumulation of oils, squalene and sterols. [Figure: see text]

Abstract Along with the rapid development of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, digital manufacturing, artificial intelligence, the Internet and other emerging fields marked by digitalization and intelligence are experiencing widespread penetration, cross-integration and constantly emerged crossover innovation. New technology development is a process of continuous increase of resource heterogeneity characterized by high fuzziness and uncertainty. However, it is difficult to meet the requirements of the development of emerging technologies only by the innovative resources and capabilities of the enterprises themselves. The limitation of innovation resources urges emerging technology enterprises to actively or passively exchange various innovation resources with other innovation subjects across organizational, technological or industry boundaries, and promotes the rapid rise of crossover innovation networks of emerging technologies, which has become an important way for emerging technology enterprises to avoid innovation risks and improve innovation efficiency. To explore the crossover innovation network of emerging technologies and its evolution path, this paper uses social network analysis to build the IPC co-occurrence network, patentee cooperative innovation network and patent citation network by stages by taking the invention patent data of self-driving car technology from 2006 to 2020 as samples, analyzes the subject cooperation, knowledge flow and technology convergence in the process of crossover innovation, explores the evolution process of crossover innovation network of emerging technologies and its characteristics in each stage, and then draws relevant enlightenment.

Geralmente se supõe que a tradução da literatura brasileira nos primeiros anos da República Popular da China (1949-1966) foi principalmente impulsionada por forças políticas, devido às mudanças ideológicas oficiais e nas reformas do sistema editorial naquela época. No entanto, este argumento não leva em conta a continuidade da tradução literária antes e depois de 1949, nem considera o esforço dos tradutores naquela época em escolherem os melhores representantes da literatura brasileira e conservarem ao máximo a qualidade das obras originais. Ao analisar a tradução da literatura brasileira na China de 1919 a 1966 como um todo, com revisão especial do caso de Jorge Amado, este artigo tenta demonstrar que a publicação da literatura brasileira após 1949 seguiu o mesmo caminho da tradução da literatura das nações desfavorecidas na primeira metade do Século XX, e que tinha como objetivo de quebrar a hegemonia cultural dos países ocidentais, a fim de construir uma nova nação e uma nova literatura.

In the present study, phenolic compounds from Gomphrena globosa L. (GGLPCs) including total phenols, flavonoids, flavonols, flavanols, and phenolic acids were measured by spectrophotometric method. The antioxidant activities of GGLPCs were assessed by radical scavengings of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline -6-sulfonic acid)-diammonium salt (ABTS) cation, oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), phosphomolybdenum antioxidative power (PAP), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) assays. Antimicrobial and enzyme inhibitory activities of GGLPCs in vitro were investigated using micro-plate dilution method and colorimetry, respectively. The results showed that GGLPCs containing abundant phenolic compounds, had obvious antioxidant and antimicrobial activities (especially against Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes), and significant inhibitory effects on lipase, α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and trypsin in vitro. Thus, the results showed that GGLPC may be used as a natural antioxidant and antibacterial agent, as well as drugs for the treatment of hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and inflammation-related diseases.

Introduction and objectives: To investigate the efficacy of combined immunosuppressive regimens of cyclosporine (CsA), tacrolimus (TAC), or cyclophosphamide (CTX) combined with steroids in the treatment of idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN). Materials and methods: A total of 150 biopsy-proven IMN patients were divided into three groups: CTX, TAC, and CsA groups (50 cases each). Patients received a selected regimen for 48 weeks. The efficacy (remission rate, 24 h urinary protein, and serum albumin and creatinine) and safety (adverse events) profiles of administered regimens were evaluated at 12, 24 and 48 weeks. Results: At 12 weeks, the response rates for CsA, TAC, and CTX groups were 14%, 50%, and 22%, respectively. This increased to 74%, 84%, and 82%, respectively at 48 weeks. During follow-up, 24 h urinary protein significantly reduced from baseline in all regimens (P 0.05). Safety was comparable in all groups, with lower respiratory tract infection being the most frequent adverse event. Conclusions: The combined regimens (i.e., TAC, CsA, and CTX) are effective in the treatment of patients with IMN at 48 weeks, while TAC and CTX might be more beneficial in terms of shortened time to remission and increased complete response rate. Resumen: Introducción y objetivos: Investigar la eficacia de los regímenes inmunosupresores combinados de ciclosporina (CsA), tacrolimús (TAC) o ciclofosfamida (CTX) combinados con esteroides en el tratamiento de la nefropatía membranosa idiopática (NMI). Materiales y métodos: Un total de 150 pacientes con NMI comprobada por biopsia se dividieron en 3 grupos: grupos CTX, TAC y CsA (50 casos cada uno). Los pacientes recibieron un régimen seleccionado durante 48 semanas. Se evaluaron los perfiles de eficacia (tasa de remisión, proteína en orina de 24 h y albúmina y creatinina séricas) y seguridad (eventos adversos) de los regímenes administrados a las 12, 24 y 48 semanas. Resultados: A las 12 semanas, las tasas de respuesta para los grupos CsA, TAC y CTX fueron del 14, el 50 y el 22%, respectivamente. Esto aumentó al 74, el 84 y el 82%, respectivamente, a las 48 semanas. Durante el seguimiento, la proteína urinaria de 24 h se redujo significativamente desde el inicio en todos los regímenes (p 0.05). La seguridad fue comparable en todos los grupos, siendo la infección del tracto respiratorio inferior el evento adverso más frecuente. Conclusiones: Los regímenes combinados (es decir, TAC, CsA y CTX) son eficaces en el tratamiento de pacientes con NMI a las 48 semanas, mientras que TAC y CTX podrían ser más beneficiosos en términos de reducción del tiempo de remisión y aumento de la tasa de respuesta completa.

Object: To explore the factors related to health-promoting lifestyles of the elderly based on social-ecosystem theory. Design: A cross-sectional survey study was carried out to include 627 elderly people in communities in three cities of Hebei Province (Shijiazhuang, Tangshan, and Zhangjiakou) from October 2021 to January 2022 for questionnaire survey (601 validly returned cases). Venue: Three cities of Hebei Province (Shijiazhuang, Tangshan, and Zhangjiakou). Participants: 627 elderly people. Interventions: A cross-sectional survey study. Main measurements: The questionnaire survey was conducted by using the general demographic data, health promotion life scale, frailty scale, general self-efficacy scale, health engagement scale, General Self-Efficacy Scale, The family Adaptability, Partnership, Growth, Affection, and Resolve scale, and Perceived Social Support Scale. Results: The total health promotion lifestyle score for the elderly was 100.20 ± 16.21, which was at the lower limit of the good level, with the highest mean score for nutrition (2.71 ± 0.51) and the lowest mean score for physical activity (2.25 ± 0.56). Stepwise linear regression showed that exercise frequency (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.304–3.885), smoking status (95% CI −4.190 to −1.556), self-efficacy (95% CI 0.071–0.185), health management (95% CI 0.306–0.590), frailty (95% CI −3.327 to −1.162) in the microsystem, marital status (95% CI 0.677–3.660), children's attention to the elderly health (95% CI 4.866–11.305), family care in the mesosystem (95% CI 1.365–4.968), and pre-retirement occupation (95% CI 2.065–3.894), living area (95% CI 0.813–3.912), whether receive community-based chronic disease prevention and management services (95% CI 2.035–8.149), social support (95% CI 1.667–6.493) in the macrosystem were the main factors affecting health promotion of life in the elderly (P

Historically, individuals with Rett syndrome, a rare neurodevelopmental disorder, have been cast as “silent angels,” “nonverbal,” and “speechless.” As a consequence, they have not been consulted in their medical care. Recently, however, augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) devices that use eye-tracking technology have facilitated communication for individuals with Rett syndrome. Yet, no prior research has investigated how such communication occurs within medical settings. Through an applied linguistics lens that centers the analysis of language use, we construct a case report capturing how Kalika, a child with Rett syndrome, offers medical information. Kalika’s device-mediated language use suggests multiple implications for applied linguistics scholars and language educators, including: broadening notions of speaking, increasing consideration of AAC, exploring more device-mediated language use, extending multimodal considerations, nuancing notions of communicative competence, presuming competence, and, last but not least, more deliberately espousing principles of linguistic justice in our field.

Hydroxyapatite (HA) nanopowders are attracting interest for surface application to ceramic biomaterials. In this study, we developed innovative and new viable synthesis routes of calcium phosphate nanopowders from the natural calcium carbonate of chicken eggshells. Following the four routes, alternative co-precipitation, vacuum process, brushite, and calcination, we obtained the HA samples, which were then characterized by different methods. The X-ray diffraction /Rietveld method showed the HA phases, monetite and brushite crystallinity with greater symmetry, and nanoscale. Transmission electron microscopy showed the morphology of nanoparticles functionalized nanoparticles smaller than 100 nm in routes A, B and D, and Fourier-transform infrared spectrophotometry and Raman spectroscopy identified the classic chemical groups of calcium phosphates by four routes mainly groups (PO4)3- and (CO3-). Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed a good surface topography to future cell biointeraction in A, B and D routes, and thermogravimetric analysis showed the mass loss profile inherent to each synthesis route with slot at 200 °C. Hence, the eggshell HA and brushite and the specific monetite nanoparticles with different morphology can be prepared from the four new possible and viable routes using different methods.

Abstract Background and objectives The mechanisms by which local anesthetics cause neurotoxicity are very complicated. Apoptosis and autophagy are highly coordinated mechanisms that maintain cellular homeostasis against stress. Studies have shown that autophagy activation serves as a protective mechanism in vitro. However, whether it also plays the same role in vivo is unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the role of autophagy in local anesthetic-induced neurotoxicity and to elucidate the mechanism of neurotoxicity in an intrathecally injected rat model. Methods Eighteen healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups. Before receiving an intrathecal injection of 1% bupivacaine, each rat received an intraperitoneal injection of vehicle or rapamycin (1 mg.kg-1) once a day for 3 days. The pathological changes were examined by Haematoxylin and Eosin (HE) staining. Apoptosis was analysed by TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labelling (TUNEL) staining. Caspase-3, Beclin1 and LC3 expression was examined by Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. Beclin1 and LC3 expression and the LC3-II/LC3-I ratio were detected by western blot analysis. Results After bupivacaine was injected intrathecally, pathological damage occurred in spinal cord neurons, and the levels of apoptosis and caspase-3 increased. Enhancement of autophagy with rapamycin markedly alleviated the pathological changes and decreased the levels of apoptosis and caspase-3 while increasing the expression of LC3 and Beclin1 and the ratio of LC3-II to LC3-I. Conclusions Enhancement of autophagy decreases caspase-3-dependent apoptosis and improves neuronal survivalin vivo. Activation of autophagy may be a potential therapeutic strategy for local anaesthetic-induced neurotoxicity.

Abstract: As the “chaotic” edge of innovation system has strong innovation potential and is easy to form and develop the emerging technology innovation network, the formation process of emerging technologies and their relationship with the development trajectory of original technologies are analyzed, and the evolution mechanism of innovation network of advanced manufacturing industry is deeply studied combined with life cycle theory. Firstly, empirical analysis is carried out by collecting patents data in the industrial robotics field. Then, the IPC co-occurrence network and patentee citation network are plotted by combining patents citation analysis with social network analysis. Next, the technical characteristics and knowledge flow characteristics of an advanced manufacturing innovation network are verified by calculating various indicators of the network. Finally, the empirical results show that the technology structure in the field of industrial robotics has high heterogeneity, wide integration among technical fields, and knowledge flow network has a small-world effect, characterized by easy flow, wide flow direction, high efficiency, fuzzy network boundary, and numerous and diversified core the key players in innovation.

In Research on Religious Funerary Documents in China, the author studies the religious funerary documents used at funerals for more than two thousand years from the Warring-States period (475-221 BC) to the present with the truth-seeking and objective attitudes. Besides some criticisms and reasonable doubts, he points out that the previous articles present a somewhat lopsided view with prejudice when the scholars interpret the existing literature. He further explores the underlying implications of the archaeological materials based on studying large numbers of references. In this way, reliable conclusions are obtained with rigorous academic attitude.

Abstract This article aims to provide a framework for conceptualizing the China-US rivalry. It argues that while the China-US rivalry is distorted to be an analogy to the Cold War, it must be understood as an intra-core competition between two different capitalisms. Theoretically the paper is inspired by the world system theory’s perspective on “cycles of hegemony” and the Kautsky-Lenin debate on inter-capitalism relationships. The causal nexus of the two theories explains that the China-US rivalry is in a new phase of the cycles of capital accumulation, and China’s changing competitive dynamics led by its state capitalism model have generated disadvantageous effect on the US hegemony. The paper’s conclusion is that China-US competition will shape the trajectory of world order for decades to come.