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Introduction: In dermatology, there are more than 2,000 entities, some of which affect an individual of any age group at a given moment without distinction of race or sex. The last report in The Global Burden of Disease (2014) revealed that the prevalence of dermatoses in general ranged between 30% and 70%. Objec-tive:Determine the prevalence and factors associated with der-matoses in adults ≥ 18 years in areas of influence of the Medical Doctors in Social Service of the National Autonomous University of Honduras (UNAH), November 2017–November 2018. Methods:Transversal descriptive study with association analysis, carried out in the 18 departments of Honduras, included the adult popula-tion ≥ 18 years old in the geographical areas of influence of 254 Doctors in Social Service. The sampling was multistage random, assigning each one 50 ± 2 adults over 18 years of age, total sample of 12,775 adults. An interview was applied, performing univariate and bivariate analysis, prevalence ratio and 95% CI, with values of p

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) one of the most common chronic disease in Europe, can affect every part of the body including the skin. Metabolic changes during the progress of diabetes mellitus , influence the occurence of various dermatoses such as Acanthosis nigricans, Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, bullosis diabeticorum, eruptive xanthomatosis and diabetic dermopathy. On the other hand, there are allergic skin reactions as a consequence of insulin infusion, diabetic pills treatment and using diabetic devices like insulin pumps and glucose monitors that can improve patiens glycemic control and their quality of life. Aim of the study: The aim of our study is to present skin manifestations associated with diabetes mellitus patients. The importance of early detection skin changes and its significance are also analysed. Material and methods: We searched electronic databases, using keywords such as „Diabetes Mellitus” , „ Skin dermatoses assosiated with diabetes mellitus „ and „Acanthosis Nigricans” Conclusions: Human skin is a reflection of the processes that take place in the body. The characteristc dermatoses that appear on it, can be a clue for the doctor and help him in the diagnostic process and proper control of diabetes. Technological progress has led to the develompent of specialized devices to control the glycemia of patients, however, this is often associated with the deterioration in the well-being of patients and the benefits of treatment ,by reverse allergic skin reactions to contact with the equipment.

Acne is one of the most common dermatoses. It is a chronic inflammatory disease of pilosebaceous units. The pathogenesis of the disease consists of: hyperproliferation of hair follicle opening cells and the formation of microcomedones closing its opening. Excessive activity of the sebaceous glands and increased sebum production. Inflammatory reaction induced by Cutibacterium acnes. Acne most often occurs between the ages of 11 and 30. Acne changes affect adults more and more often. Statistically, the incidence of acne vulgaris is comparable, but more severe course is more common in men. The most prone to acne are areas rich in sebaceous glands - face, including the T-zone, back, chest. The clinical picture is dominated by blackheads, pustules, papules, cysts, nodules, and inflammatory infiltrates. The etipathogenesis of acne is complex, and finding the cause is very difficult and time-consuming. Regardless of age, people suffering from acne experience great discomfort, which has a very negative impact on their self-esteem and quality of life.

Giardia intestinalis infection is the most common parasitic infection in the world. The parasite's reservoir is mainly humans and many species of mammals. Giardiasis is a parasitic disease of the duodenum and small intestine. Infection spreads easily through the oral-fecal route. Its most frequent symptom is chronic diarrhea, but it can also be asymptomatic. This article analyzes atypical symptoms of Giardia Intestinalis infection based on available studies in the PubMed database. Observations have shown that giardiasis can manifest in various types of dermatoses such as urticaria, angioedema, atopic dermatitis, erythema nodosum, or Wells syndrome. A relationship between Giardia Intestinalis infection and various allergic syndromes, manifesting as chronic urticaria or angioedema, has also been observed, as well as an increased occurrence of food allergies due to increased exposure to antigens. Studies have also shown that giardiasis can cause polyneuropathy, avitaminosis, and malabsorption syndrome. Even years after infection, chronic fatigue syndrome can still be observed

Introduction: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitor (anti-TNF-α) agents are essential in treating inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Their use, however, may cause dermatoses. This study aims to characterize the dermatoses in IBD patients on anti-TNF-α therapy., Methods: A total of 175 IBD patients, 105 (60%) on anti-TNF-α therapy were consecutively selected in a Brazilian referral center of gastroenterology and were evaluated by a dermatologist, regardless of whether they had dermatological complaints., Results: The most prevalent disorders in patients receiving anti-TNF-α were skin infections (52.4%), unspecified alopecia not associated with psoriasiform eruptions (32.4%), seborrheic dermatitis (27.6%), infusion/injection reactions (14.5%), and psoriasiform eruptions (11.4%). The group not on anti-TNF-α treatment also presented a high prevalence of infection, seborrheic dermatitis, and alopecia, but no psoriasiform eruptions. There was a higher prevalence of dermatoses, when considered together, in patients taking anti-TNF-α. The use of these agents was independently associated with presence of dermatoses when grouped., Conclusion: The prevalence of dermatoses, considering together, was higher in the anti-TNF-α group. Infections, alopecia, seborrheic dermatitis, administration reactions, and psoriasiform eruptions were the most frequent dermatoses in patients taking anti-TNF-α., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Giant-Cell Granuloma, was described initially in 1975. It is an infrequent dermatosis that is characterized by annular plaques with erythematous margins that are distributed in sun-exposed areas of the body. Case report: 52-year-old female patient with symptomatology of 24 months of evolution, characterized by scattered and symmetric dermatosis, with commitment of superior members, superior chest and thigh, in form of annular plaques. It was not documented sun exposition higher to the habitual. Betamethasone dipropionate 0.05% was use topically accompanied of sunscreen with adequate improvement of the disease. Conclusion: the OAG is a rare skin lesion, of unknown pathogenesis, that is developed in sun-exposed areas. It has as the most widely accepted theory for its appearance, the development of immune response by cells to antigenic determinants, present in the elastic fibers with actinic alteration. The findings of the patient were concordant with the previously reported. Rev.cienc.biomed. 2014;5(2):336-340. KEYWORDS Granuloma, Dermatoses, O’Brien’s granuloma,

Background: Fixed erythema pigmento (FPE) is an allergic drug reaction, the pathophysiology of which is not exactly known. It is more common in women with location on the face. Clinical presentation: round or oval red-purple macule, well defined, with swelling, pain, itching, and burning. Diagnosis is clinical, oral chal- lenge is contraindicated due to possible severe reaction. On withdrawal of the drug, residual violaceous hyperpigmentation remains., Case Report: 34-year-old female diagnosed with allergic rhinitis and asthma. She received treatment with ibuprofen and cephalexin 1 month ago due to dental infection. For the past 2 weeks, she has presented dermatological lesions characterized by hyperpigmentation under the lower eyelids, accompanied by pain, burning, and itching. On physical examination, well-defined red-purple pigmentation was observed in both periocular regions. The challenge test is not justified, the clinical history is the diagnostic pillar. The indication is to stop the medication immediately and continue monitoring., Conclusions: EPF is a drug reaction related to drug use. It creates a challenge for diagnosis due to poor knowledge of the characteristics of the dermatosis and poor clinical and pharmacological questioning. The EPF approach requires knowing the clinical characteristics of this dermatosis, making a differential diagnosis with other lesions and indicating the suspension of the responsible medication., (Este obra está bajo una licencia de Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional.)

La embarazada es susceptible a cambios en la piel y fanéreos que pueden ser fisiológicos como patológicos. El reconocimiento de estas entidades es fundamental para un correcto manejo. La clasificación y nomenclatura de las dermatosis del embarazo ha sido controversial y confusa, principalmente dado el pobre conocimiento que se tiene sobre el origen de estas entidades. El objetivo de esta revisión es informar sobre el conocimiento actual del penfigoide gestacional a partir de un caso clínico, centrándose en su diagnóstico y tratamiento como patología multidiscilpinaria.The pregnant woman is susceptible to both physiologic and pathologic changes of the skin and appendages. Recognition of these entities is important for appropriate management. The classification and nomenclature have been controversial and confusing, mainly because of the poor knowledge that we have regarding the origin of this entities. The purpose of this review is to contribute to the current knowledge of pemphigoid gestationis, based on a case-report its diagnosis and treatment as a multidisciplinary pathology.

El embarazo es una condición que altera y provoca una serie de cambios metabólicos, endócrinos e inmunológicos que pueden incidir sobre la piel y sus anexos. Muchas de las influencias que el embarazo ejerce en la piel han de ser consideradas como fisiológicas; las enfermedades preexistentes pueden cambiar su comportamiento y además vamos a encontrar dermatosis propias de la gestación. El objetivo de esta revisión es actualizar los conceptos sobre estas entidades, su patogenia y manejo.The pregnancy is a condition that alters and causes a series of metabolic changes, endocrines and immunological that can affect the skin and its attached ones. Many of influences that the pregnancy exerts in the skin have to be considered like physiological; the preexisting diseases can change behaviour and in addition we are going to find specific dermatoses of pregnancy. The objective of this revision is to update the concepts on these organizations, his pathogenic and handling.

Meia maratona é competição desenvolvida ao ar livre, considerada como prática em expansão e de grande exposição solar. Verificar hábitos solares e frequência de queimaduras em atletas de meia maratona. Estudo transversal de 220 atletas, de ambos os sexos, de 18 a 68 anos, que participaram da meia maratona de setembro de 2012, na cidade de Curitiba-PR. Todos preencheram questionário sobre lesões cutâneas, bem como hábitos de exposição e proteção solar. Utilizou-se a análise de freqüência para descrever as prevalências, sendo que para as associações foram aplicados os testes de Qui-quadrado. Predominou atletas masculinos, adultos, praticantes de corrida de longa distância, procedentes do sul do Brasil (86,3%), e com pele branca (74%). Cerca de 13,2% dos atletas declararam alta sensibilidade da pele e facilidade de se queimar quando exposto ao sol. A maior adesão ao filtro solar foi verificada no sexo feminino, que apresenta frequência de aplicações diárias em maior proporção do que os homens. A prevalência de queimadura solar não se mostrou significativamente associada ao sexo (15% homens e 20,4% mulheres, p=0,359; x2=0,839). Neste grupo de atletas, identificou-se que os hábitos solares adotados são impróprios pela exposição que ocorre na prática esportiva. Há necessidade de ampliar medidas fotoprotetoras para adeptos de meia maratona e outros esportes ao ar livre.

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of neonatal dermatoses in the early neonatal period and to associate them with neonatal, demographic and obstetric variables. Methods: A cross-sectional study with neonates and their respective mothers, who were hospitalized in a public maternity hospital in Curitiba, PR, Brazil. Data collection was performed using information present in the medical records and a physical examination of the newborn during the period between April 2015 and May 2016. Results: 350 neonates were evaluated. 54.8% were male, and 94.8% (332/350) presented a dermatosis. Among them, 84.6% had, concomitantly, two or more dermatoses. A total of 23 types of dermatoses were diagnosed. The most prevalent were: sebaceous hyperplasia (66%); fluff (42.6%); and salmon patches (41.4%). The mean age of the mothers was 24.9±4.9 years old, and they were predominately white (57.7%). Vernix caseosa was associated with the female gender (p=0.034). Nonwhite mothers were associated with genital hyperpigmentation (p=0.03) and Mongolian spots (p=0.001). Physiological flaking was associated with cesarean deliveries (p=0.03) and a gestational age of over 40 weeks (p=0.054). Salmon patches was associated with primiparity (p=0.0001). Conclusions: There was a high prevalence of neonatal dermatosis in the studied population. Each newborn had, on average, three different dermatoses. Dermatosis in neonates was associated with primiparity, nonwhites, a gestational age of over 40 weeks, and the sex of the newborn.

With the emergence of medical specialties in different areas of medicine, assessment of patients became narrow and specialized. There is also the perception that some specialties are more difficult than others. Dermatology has long been seen by most physicians non dermatologists as a relaxed area, without real emergencies or requirement of great intellectual effort. Some specialists, erroneously think that everything can be cured with topical steroids and/or antifungal creams. Although several skin diseases are common complains seen by the general practitioner, very few time and credits are granted to cover these diseases during the years of undergraduate training. Thus, the primary care physicians and others medical specialists believe that skin diseases are not life threatening and hence irrelevant. Nonetheless, they feel competent enough to prescribe a variety of treatments for skin diseases that may lead to iatrogenesis.

Obesity is a public health problem worldwide. It predominates in industrialized countries; however, it is prevalent in all nations. It is defined as a condition of excess adipose tissue and is the result of changes in lifestyle, excessive consumption of energy-dense foods with poor nutritional value, physical inactivity and the reduction of open space where one can practice a sport. Although obesity is associated with multiple diseases, it is important to stress that the metabolic changes caused by it affect skin physiology and play a predisposing factor for the development of skin diseases. Very little has been studied on the impact of obesity on the skin. The purpose of this article is to review the most frequently skin diseases in obesity. Some skin pathologies in obesity are caused by changes in skin physiology, others are related to insulin resistance or constitute an exacerbating factor for dermatitis. This article covers the clinical features of obesity related skin disease and its management.

We describe a case of a 32-year-old man, resident in Buenos Aires, with dermatologic manifestations compatible with gnathostomiasis. The patient had traveled to Colombia in the month prior to the onset of symptoms. There, he repeatedly ate ceviche (raw fish marinated in lemon juice). He presented with an erythematous migratory panniculitis accompanied by eosinophilia. He underwent skin biopsy of a lesion and pathological diagnosis was "eosinophilic panniculitis". The triad of migratory panniculitis, eosinophilia and consume of raw fish during the trip to Colombia was suggestive of gnathostomiasis. Ivermectin treatment started out with good initial response but subsequent relapse. We performed a new treatment with the same drug with good results and no relapses during three years of follow up. The dermatological disease is common upon return from a trip, and is the third leading cause of morbidity in travelers. It is very important to recognize cutaneous manifestations of disease as many of them are potentially serious and may compromise the patient's life if not promptly diagnosed and treated.