Mexico has joined the paradigms that drive knowledge societies, whose continuing effort focuses on the technological and economic development, quality of life and international competitiveness. However, its efforts has not capitalized on outstanding results in terms of competitiveness and scientific, technological and innovative productivity. Neither the country has achieved a transformation of its universities to create a culture of cohesion that could contribute to social inclusion. Therefore the main purpose of this paper is to reflect on the role and meaning of the university, showing the reality of the country and the challenges that Mexican universities have to face facing the need to promote, via the generation, access and use of knowledge, the networks, citizen participation, equity and social cohesion as mechanisms of social inclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]