Search

In the workplace, some conditions based on social stereotypes hinder a working woman from accessing the same professional development opportunities as a male; therefore, the purpose of this research paper was to create and validate the Glass Ceiling Scale. An instrumental empirical study was carried out with a non-probabilistic sample of 203 Mexican women who worked during the Covid-19 pandemic. The Exploratory Factor Analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis yielded acceptable fit index values (NFI = .832, TLI = .900, CFI = .918, and RMSEA = .62) and with a reliability coefficient of α = .816. The scale was made up of 15 items in three factors: Overload, Glass Ceiling and Family-Work Balance, with the three-factor model being the ideal structure to measure the construct. Results show evidence that the scale has the due psychometric properties for use in the study population and thereby generate reliable diagnoses that lead to organizational strategies to make visible and eradicate this phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the role of women in communication research. It does so by studying their presence/absence in the bibliographies of the syllabus of 108 theoretical courses of journalism degrees taught in 36 colleges in Spain during the 2020-2021 academic year. The work investigates the roles and presences of women in the field of communication, measuring the degree of visibility of women scientists and their contributions in a statistical and comparative way to that of male researchers, quantifying the citation patterns according to the gender of the authors. The data were analyzed with the free statistical software R (version 4.0.3) and a descriptive and inferential analysis was performed. The main results regarding the citation patterns of the research are: 1) an under-citation of publications written by female scientists; 2) an over-citation of publications by male researchers; and 3) the nonexistence of gender homophily (researchers do not tend to cite more authors of their same gender), since female authors are little cited and this low visibility is due to both female and male faculty members. The most referenced author is Elizabeth Noelle-Neumann, one of the few "classics" present, indicating a Matilda effect regarding the historical erasure of female contributions. In conclusion, the paper argues for the need to transform not only citation practices, but an entire scientific culture that denies women as a source of reference and authority from the early stages of university education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we propose to address the participation of women in the Peronist Resistance between 1955 and 1966 from a gender perspective. The statements given by male activists, tend to show women in a support role and in activities in which they performed traditional gender roles in order to avoid repression. Here, we try to offer a different framework. We consider women's forms of political intervention trying to overcome the anecdotal and romantic tinted lenses of those stories. In order to do this, we will analyze two types of documents. On one hand, interviews with activists about their resistance actions. On the other, ordinary justice's judicial files during the government of the Revolución Libertadora and military court files of the CONINTES Plan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The academic research that includes any reference to Santa Fe's municipal female suffrage is scarce and nominal. In this paper, I propose to outline the routes of women's municipal suffrage in the province of Santa Fe. The central exercise is the visibility in order to answer basic, essential questions: what, who, when, where, how, for what, and why. As hypotheses, we propose that changing the scale from a gender perspective will allow us to see different aspects (Fernández "La historia" 19) and "write a more diverse, heterogeneous history, different from the Argentine nation" (Palermo "La historia" 32), which relativizes the predominant "national fact", including female suffrage's histories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the time of the 20th anniversary of the adoption of United Nations Security Council resolution 1325, this paper conducts a critical analysis of the track record of the international Women, Peace and Security (WPS) agenda. The text retraces the history of the WPS agenda by examining its key features, strengths, gaps and weaknesses. What are the main criticisms made of the series of measures on the WPS agenda and their implementation? Answering this question enables us to glimpse the agenda's major weaknesses, as well as the key challenges for the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores to what extent individual, organizational and social factors determine academic trajectories, controlling for socio-demographic variables such as sex and academic rank. For this, a correlational study was developed in a convenience sample of academics from the Federico II University of Naples, in Italy (N = 228, 55.3 % men and 44.7 % women), between 21 and 67 years old (M = 51.7, SD = 9.2), with the use of descriptive statistics and multiple correspondence analysis. The results show two differentiated tendencies: (1) that of male and full-professors, and (2) that of women and middle and early-career levels. The first group perceive less difficulties and value personal (Model 1, 53.9 % of variance) and family success (Model 2, 50.3 % of variance) factors more. Barriers such as the influence of informal power networks (Model 3, 42.7 % of variance) and family issues, as work-life balance (Model 4 and 5, 50.2 % and 59.9 % of variance), are perceived with greater intensity by the second group. The results highlight the importance of measures for equal opportunities in academia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the mechanisms used by four sisters to request a license to make bread with the image of the Virgin of San Juan de los Lagos that could be used as relics by pilgrims. Said document was made and written by the Márquez sisters: Gertrudis, Paula, Inés and María. The elements used by these women consist of managing their gender role as a tool to obtain the license to manufacture the rolls. In turn, these ladies sought to earn some money, contribute to the salvation of the pilgrims, that they carry a relic to their places of origin. In short, they sought to perform a common good for the faithful of the image of the virgin of San Juan de los Lagos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gender and women's studies have become more visible in recent years. A tangible advance not only in academic terms, but also at a social and educational level. Although these issues have gained notoriety in our country, we note that this does not affect the same intensity in the educational field. At secondary level, these issues enter preferably from the hand of the Comprehensive Sexual Education Law (Law No. 26,150) although this does not happen systematically. We ask ourselves then about the History that is taught not only in high school, but also at University. Within this framework, we promptly inquire into the entry of these issues within the History Teachers Program at the National University of La Plata. In sum, this is a paper that tries to question which historical subjects regain voice in the teaching of university History and at the same time it presents the curriculum as a cultural, historical and gendered device. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The start of the negotiations in 2012 between the government of Juan Manuel Santos and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia-People's Army (FARC-EP) over an agreement to put an end to the Colombian armed conflict was marked by the absence of women. In response, women's and feminist movements raised their voices to press the government for inclusion in the process. Due to their intervention, women's invisibility was alleviated by the creation of the Gender Subcommittee, the first of its kind in the world, and the gendered approach was mainstreamed. This paper analyses the meaning of war in the lives of Colombian women and the journey women's and feminist movements took to gain recognition for their experiences and needs in the 2016 Peace Agreement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

TV fiction assumes a socializing role that influences the configuration of the collective identity. So that, the influence of fiction on the social construction of women becomes very important thanks to its ability to configure identities, influence behaviors and condition the socialization process. This paper aims to deepen the temporal and historical evolution of woman representation in Spanish fiction and to establish perspectives in this representation. For this, we have worked on a qualitative methodology, with a socio-semiotics focus, that analyzes the longest series with more audience in the history of Spanish TV fiction, from two contexts: Family and profesional, to know the role that has been given to women in different contexts of fiction. The results provide relevant conclusions about the role of women in Spanish TV fiction: the woman in the family context continues assuming the role of mother and wife, while in the work context, she develops her work under the control of man. All this, with reflections of empowerment that, after all, do not eliminate the patriarchal marks of society and, therefore, of TV fiction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present article analyzes experiences of women in Self-managed work projects in the province of La Pampa. Several papers address the legal and administrative problematic issues that groups of workers face at the time of self managing their work projects. However, little has been said about the additional obstacles faced by women who try to formalize their entrepeneurship, which include gender inequality issues. Our work intends to be a gender-minded contribution, attending the intersection between work and social issues like class, gender and geographical region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper reflects on utilization of the gender category in food and nutrition studies in Mexico. It highlights women's important role as caretakers of family health and nutrition. Briefly the authors review how women have been analysed in the different food an nutrition surveys; how gender has been effaced in the "mean per capita", and how women have been taken into account only as far as their reproductive role. This paper also outlines the importance of including the gender category and gender approach in food and nutrition studies; in order to clearly visualize the feeding inequities among men and women throughout the stages of the feeding process, i.e. decision, provision, preparation, distribution and intake. Moreover, improved understanding of women's nutrition practices and meanings that foods convey to women is advocated. In the conclusion the absolute need to articulate the gender issue in nutrition, nursing and medical academic curricula is stated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with sexual behavior from a gender perspective in women from a town located at the south of Veracruz State, Mexico. I point out how the female sexual behavior is a result from that particular male society and how it imposes moral codes to women, due to their male hegemony which needs to control female sexual behavior. I analyze that sexuality is a social construction and a changing historical product, therefore sexual moral codes are present as changing elements that show in advance the social picture and the female fantasies over their moral obligations. Also, transgressions from the "ruling" perspective are explained in accordance with the idea that accepted sexuality is genderized from a moral point of view but not relevant with the actual activities of the collectivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we outline some of the research results of a larger work which studies the Bolivian migration from a gender perspective, as well as the impact of the institutional practices that determine the transnational experience. In a global scene of restrictive rules concerning the human mobility, we notice how control and dominance strategies are present in ideologies and symbolic mechanisms. Women options in the migration process are trapped through them. We propose to recognize the symbolic and institutional violence that pressures migrants during their migration journey, focusing on understanding the ideological content - sexism and marianism - in which they are based on. We present an analysis of the instrumented ways of applying violence against Bolivian migrant women and its families from the social action practices implemented at origin and destination (transnational perspective). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to establish the relationship between gender and quality of working life assesment in health professionals in Guadalajara, Mexico. 322 people were sampled in a health institution. The satisfaction related to their quality of working life, was assessed through CVT-GOHISALO instrument. As a result, women dissatisfaction was revealed with opportunities inequality. In addition, sampled women showed through statiscal significance to be more satisfied than men, talking about personal development achieved through work and free time management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the representations and cinema narrative models around two topics, women and violence, in a period from the forties to the present day. It is a contemporary look that aims to identify the speech, the repertoire and the main dimensions filmed in movies that include scenes about the topic just described. The aim of this study is to propose a reflection and a discussion around the role of cinema as a transmitting agent of violence against women, in movies that are not about violence. Through content analysis of different types of movie genres, from an evolutionary and comparative perspective, and limited to films that are not violent per se, we analyze male violence against women from physical and verbal nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A central theme in gender-sensitive citizenship research is the need to reorganize the current social and political institutions so as to include “reproductive" work -i.e, domestic and care work- in the domain of duties of the citizen. This article examines this topic from the perspective of social representations on men's and womens contribution to society contained in four pieces of the Chilean legal discourse that specifically address issues of family organization and childcare. Methodologically, the paper is based on the discursive analysis of the written records of the debates held in the Congress on these legal initiatives, complemented with semi-structured interviews with MP s and government officials. From this analysis it is possible to conclude that, despite important advancements, womens citizenship is still represented as contributing to society mainly through care and, more recently, through their contribution towards overcoming poverty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper the topic of implicit gender violence in Mexican song and its dissemination through radio addresses. It is an approach to the devastation of the human dignity of women by songwriters that have softened the aggression for free broadcasting. From oldies to present day, composers, interpreters and communicators, in full government complacency and a close relationship with a male training, have created and disseminated androcentrism music and have sold a premise: women are not worthy of man. It is part of feminist positions; history of radio as a social phenomenon, the forgotten law; music as an element of socialization to reach a point of agreement: remove broadcasting any kind of violence against women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emotional distress is the subjective sensation of diminishment in wellbeing which manifests itself in a number of unspecific symptoms. It might be a risk factor for the development of mental illness, especially among individuals with psychosocial or biological vulnerability. Recent studies show that primary health care services receive a growing number of patients who suffer distress, but do not fulfill the diagnostic criteria of a mental or physical illness. This phenomenon is more frequent among women. The objective of this paper is to analyze the emotional distress experienced by a group of women who attended primary health care institutions in Mexico City, as well as their perceptions and experiences around the attention received, in order to identify their treatment needs. Data was gathered through techniques and instruments pertaining qualitative methodology. The information was coded and analyzed according to the meaning categorization method developed by Kvale. The results show that the main triggers of emotional distress are associated to daily life worries (lack of money, problems with children, domestic violence, among others). In some cases, it is associated as well with traumatic events, such as violence and sexual abuse in the past or at present. Data also suggest that women do not talk about emotional distress directly during medical consultations and that health care professionals do not identify distress or minimize its importance. These aspects are related to the current characteristics of the service, which lacks a comprehensive approach and a psychosocial point of view. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to rethink the metropolitan spatial practices not only as forms of reproduction, but also as forms of gender social innovation. The spatial analysis will be done on the basis of daily mobility practices in the everyday spatial experience of women in a popular neighborhood of downtown Mexico City. Practices that express ruptures and continuities, and that are not necessarily significant by their persistence, but by their importance in shaping the everyday life and the construction of an urban collective imaginary that occasionally shows increasing quests for breaking the continuity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper makes an analysis on the presence of women on corporate boards (Governing Councils) of Spanish cooperative banks during the period 2000-2011, in relation to their economic and financial variables. Therefore, different models are estimated to analyze these relations, as well as the evolution of the trend of women in the councils. This study implies progress in the knowledge of the possible relationships between the presence of women at the top decision-making businesses and corporate management results, thereby leaving the most studied area of large and/or listed companies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The processes of the liberalization of markets, which have accompanied the recent global economic dynamics, have led to significant changes in the production of commercial crops. These changes have widened the inequality to access resources and income from commercial agriculture between men and women. Some women have organized themselves to respond to this situation and to improve various aspects of their lives. The aim of this paper is to analyse the processes of economic empowerment of rural women in Soni (Tanzania) when facing the mentioned unequal access to the production and distribution of income. These processes arise from the awareness of shared strategic interests. The data have been obtained from documental research and fieldwork, and the subsequent application of qualitative methodology to analyse data in the particular case of a village in the municipality of Soni, District of Lushoto, Northern Tanzania (2006-2009). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the female workers' share in the fruit and vegetable labour market in the district of General Pueyrredon, and its articulation with their domestic work, taking into account the characteristics of the workers' households. In this productive space, the transitional female work done in the intensive vegetable crops, which is practiced in the fields and under cover can be proved, as well as in non-traditional fruit crops. Women participate in basic cultural works, especially, in harvesting and selection, conditioning and packing of fruits and vegetables. It is observed how women develop different strategies in order to make both work and family worlds compatible, without disregarding the responsibilities related to the domestic and reproduction duties that determine their possibilities of labour insertion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we analyze the results of an assessment of the current situation of gender violence in different scenarios, in Sonora, Mexico, based on data from the National Survey on the Dynamics of Household Relation-ships (2006). Violence more frequently reported by women was that of community. Mobbing and bullying occur in smaller proportions. The results suggest the need of expanding areas of analysis in Endireh to enhance its ability to identify violence in different settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a discursive analysis of gender representations on women in La Voz del Interior, the newspaper of the city of Córdoba, in some issues published during two socio-political compared periods, the brief democratic period 1973-1976 and the period of the military dictatorship of 1976-1983. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper discusses three recent trends in the business world: the presence of greater numbers of women in this activity, the formation of organizations to support their work and the construction of a new profile of women entrepreneurs. I will question about how the increase of women in business has not been reflected in a greater position of them in the direction of the traditional sector organizations. However, it detects a tendency to seek and incorporate non-governmental organizations to support their work with gender claim. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the public policies and components of the healthcare system affecting Colombian women with HIV/AIDS. Although there is national interest in controlling the HIV/ AIDS epidemic, current policies are not linked to specific lines of action and do not include a coherent gender approach that can guarantee comprehensive healthcare. HIV/AIDS policies are formulated within the frame of current economic policies and health reform implemented as part of Law 100 of 1993. These policies must be supported by economic plans that make it possible for the most vulnerable population to overcome the conditions of social inequity and by a healthcare system which guarantees complete access to appropriate healthcare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the cases presented here from the end of the XVIIIth century concerning two midwives, one finds the action work of the juridical power as a representatives of medical knowledge used against two who have what might be considered traditional knowledge. These cases have received different historical interpretations. A review of these interpretations, as well as current debates, are exhibited next, followed by a transcription of the papers that compose these judicial pieces. The transcription and publication of these documents is to present to investigators, documents that have not received the proper attention in current historical debates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the province of Jujuy, located on the northern border of Argentina and Bolivia, the widespread image of the "Bolivian pregnant woman who crosses the border to give birth on the Argentine side" orders a great deal of the perceptions, views and ideals of many Argentineans. Themes relating to material resources, to rights of citizenship and to meanings and feelings of belonging appear in stories and statements that reject and condemn these women. How are we to interpret the reactions that these women's actions provoke? What fears and anxieties are provoked by such border crossing? This paper shows that Bolivian women who cross the border are seen as a societal disturbance, and embody a double threat to "integrity": to social integrity, understood as a system of regulated inequality, and to national/racial integrity, understood as a holistic ethnic community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On December 1999, the UN General Assembly designated November 25 as the International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women. Thus, governments, international and non-governmental organizations were invited to develop activities to raise public awareness about the problem on that day. Since 1981 activist women marked November 25 as the day against violence. This paper pretends to make some reflections about violence against women, considering that this is a political, social, cultural, legal and human rights-related issue, but also a severe public health problem. Mental health researchers and professionals should be aware of the relevance of this phenomenon and its multiple manifestations, including sexual abuse, incest, forced prostitution, and sexual harassment in streets, institutions and domestic contexts as well as violence in intimate relations, rape and femicides. Men are the main perpetrators of these acts against women and girls. For this reason, the problem should be understood from a gender perspective that includes the analysis of power issues. The possibilities of mental health researchers and professionals to contribute to eliminate violence against women are discussed, including the need to review any obstacles which difficult changing beliefs, values, institutions and practices that engender and reproduce violence in women and men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The feminist concern about the city arises from questioning the unequal distribution of spaces and the differential assignment of household and public spheres, by stating that the city scenario is where everyday's life is set up, social processes develop, and women mobility and activities correspond with "feminine" stereotypes, influenced by a male perspective both for the planning and for the prevailing culture. Citizenship originates in the cities, but these present gender unequal patterns, the sharp private from public separation associated with the feminine and the masculine in the metropolis, the spatial structure that hinders use and access in the benefits of the city., the lack of green areas and infrastructure, or the lack of safety, which affect women more deeply. Therefore, the claim for the right to the city in the organizational practices of popular urban women, showing inconsistencies, deficiencies, and weaknesses in the traditional notion of citizenship. This paper shows these contradictions both on a theoretical and a practical basis, because between conflicts and negotiations, freedoms and restrictions, women inhabit and re-inhabit the city everyday, in privileged spaces for the democratic exercise. These topics are examined in this article, where new and old issues involved in the discussion are analyzed in the light of a set of practical fieldwork evidence in popular neighborhoods of the city of Concepcion, Chile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]