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In this paper, our goal is to analyze trap music and its development in Spain in recent years. We try to understand its impact among young people, identifying their ethics and aesthetics and finding out how they are perceived among their consumers. Understanding youth cultures as metaphors for social and political changes, we study Spanish trap to find out what it tells us about our society and its recent transformations. Methodologically, we use the analysis of songs and videoclips, we develop interviews and focus groups with young consumers, trappers and producers, and we study representative trapper biographies. Appeared during the crisis that began in 2008 in impoverished areas as a song of the excluded and depoliticized youth, trap will become popular reflecting the concerns of a precarious youth. Trap, we conclude, is a contradictory genre that reproduces the logic of capitalism while opening up spaces for its response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of alternative forms of representation has been a key issue within the social sciences for a long time, as a postmodern response to the limits of positivist science. However, its use in the field of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences is scarce, as in qualitative research. In this paper, we present an ethnography fiction story that attempts to recreate prison life, particularly that in the sports hall. It is based on data from a two‐year ethnographic study in a Spanish prison that emphasizes the meanings participants assigned to sport and physical activity. The purpose of this paper is twofold. First, to claim the use of ethnographic fiction as a form of representation in qualitative research. Second, to create a new story to give voice to participants and provoke reader's emotions by evoking participants' experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides an ethnographic exploration of the current socioeconomic and political crisis of Spain from the case study of a Rural Development Group in Asturias (Spain). This group channels EU funds into a region undergoing dramatic economic decline and depopulation, while at the same time attempts to create a fictitious territorial identity for commercialization purposes. To do so, a Cultural Park project was planned but never implemented in reality, being replaced by a series of large infrastructure investments. The paper argues that in order to understand the Spanish corporatist neoliberalism, we need to increase our knowledge from an ontological perspective. This implies addressing the realities enacted and constructed by social actors in practice, halfway between traditional clientelist dynamics and neoliberal free market logics. This hybrid phenomenon is publicly criticized but largely unknown. In it, communities of complicity distribute public resources without public accountability. In turn, citizens ignore, tolerate or participate –either actively or passively– in the process. In addition, the paper presents a case study of the failure of knowledge transfer processes in Spain, showing that shortcomings are not due to wrong epistemological practices but rather to the internal dynamics of communities of complicity, which can do without knowledge and academia to reproduce themselves. Finally, it is argued that “politics" should be retained as an ethnographic concept instead of a ubiquitous self-explanatory universal category if we want to retain its critical capabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the ways in which the dominated collaborate with their own domination, and it does it based on the ethnographic work of an investigation about the discursivity and the practice of the correctional pedagogy in an educational centre of Spanish juvenile justice. Establishing a dialogue between the concepts of symbolic violence by Bourdieu and that of moral career by Goffman, the article presents a double analytical approach that, first, elucidates the behaviours and staging of the inmates from a situated point of view and, secondly, inquires about how they somaticize the dynamics of subjugation of the prison regime. In this way, the paper explores the ways in which young people interpenetrate, or pretend to do so, with the perspective of themselves that confers the institution, in this case, one that expects to attend dangerous and violent individuals. That one labelling as a «young delinquent? seems to adopt the identity attributed to him and (re)presenting himself from that stigma. But other forms of obedience or participation are also discussed. Those forms that remain within the margins of control and the will of the inmates, and which respond to the coercive system of the total institutions. And others that insinuate a kind of subjection that attends to more subtle, continuous and inadvertent coercion: those unconscious dispositions that compel the dominated to unconsciously participate with their subjugation as an incorporated effect of the dynamics of domination itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes those gender aspects that made a difference between the repression of women and men during the early years of Franco's dictatorship. The analysis is presented from both, gender studies and political anthropology. This way these aspects will be linked up with the inherited political traditions during the Franco regime. The paper propose an explanation about the way in which the separation of women from the domestic domain, and their entrance in the political space as public subjects that occurred in Spain during the second Republic and the Civil War; was a hidden fact, covered up by the governmental repressive politics. This was an elaborated discourse of the historical narrative that the political role of women was reshaped and reconstructed as collectively inexistent. It was turn into a distortion, as a set of particular cases of delinquency and deviation. The construction of this discourse was based from the beginning on the establishment of certain practices such as the logic of the system of justice, as it will be demonstrated in the analysis of the trial reports of women. It is by the analysis of this file reports, understood as cultural creations, where there may be distinguished the system of a symbolic construction not capable consider women as a political subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within the realm of the Anthropology of public policies, this paper analyzes the processes and state practices surrounding the creation of the categories of "emigrant" and "immigrant". It also analyses how these two categories are created, regulated and managed in the specific context of two labour recruitment schemes in Spain: Spaniards recruited to work abroad during the Franco dictatorship and non-Spaniards recruited to work in Spain in the first decade of the 21st century (2004-2008). The interest of this paper lies in the emergence of a set of discourses and knowledge produced by governments and non-governmental institutions and which is understood as part of a routine of power and tutelary control that fosters the construction of new subjectivities. This essay pays attention to the multiple interactions and encounters of these immigrants and emigrants with civil servants, NGOs, cultural mediators, politicians and businesspeople who are actively involved at the local or national level in processes of labour recruitment for temporary jobs in certain areas of the labour market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Andalusian migration in the 1960's and 1970's was expanded in different parts of Europe, and has developed the presence of Flamenco dancing, playing and singing in many different countries. During two and three generations, Flamenco has been deeply enrooted also among people who did not have had any previous connection with the original migrant places. The presence of Flamenco has created an interesting cultural phenomenon in these countries that has not been totally studied. This paper is based on an ethnographic research in Brussels and Flanders, explores the details of the Flamenco culture in these places, and identifies the processes of heritage construction that takes place in this area. The paper looks into the ways that Flamenco artists use to legitimate themselves and to occupy the space in the settlement of this heritage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Local populations in protected areas often contest the implementation of environmental conservation policies in their lands. This phenomenon often leads to conflict between different stakeholders, who activate discourses to legitimate their different positions on environmental protection and conservation. In this process, 'nature' becomes a key concept. This paper aims to analyze not only the discursive construction of nature, but also the connections between different ways to understand nature and create community discourses. For this purpose, the paper will be focus on a particular case study: the Cabo de Gata-Níjar Nature Park in Andalusia, Spain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a case study based on the analysis of processes of socialization in a group of descendents of migrant families from Senegal with residence in Cataluña, Spain. I describe the patterns of socialization in order to establish a frame of reference to understand their ways of life and the impact of the migratory process in the society of destination. The paper is focused on the family relationships, in their particularities as socio-cultural group and in the aspects of their migratory processes. It is underlined the subjective dimension that implicates the recovery, by means of the ethnography, the socialization processes of the descendents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper collects a set of methodological aspects taken from the doctoral research of the author, which focuses on the construction of social identity in immigrant children at the Catalan coastal region of El Maresme (Spain). The author intends to contribute to the overcoming of methodological restrictions when conducting participant observation among children, which is strongly conditioned by an adult-centric power structure that mediates child-adult relationships in our culture, and considers children as unfinished, future-oriented versions of adults, or adults-in-the-making. Drawing on the author's own experiences this paper discusses some strategic practices that became extremely useful for building the rapport necessary to access these children's cultures and to understand children as an active and creative social group developing their own, and unique, systems of relations and meanings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is an attempt to present the experience of co-development in Europe and particularly in Spain. It is focus on the governmental initiatives since the end of the 1990's decade, as a consequence of a massive reception of migrants. Co-development is the policy in which this paper is focused, from its former periods in France to the moment in which it has been considered in Spain. In order to show this evolution and its effectiveness I use the Mexican case, because it demonstrates that there is a feasible link between migration and development. However, this it is only possible if the initiatives are coming from the migrants and their communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The attempt of this paper is to contribute to the ethnology about Gypsies, and social anthropology in general for present and future of studies on Gypsies. The article makes an analysis of the social and familiar organization of the Catalan Gypsies (Calós) of Mataro and presents some clues of research and conceptual orientations. The flexible functioning of bilateral kinship networks, the categorizations in kinship terminology and anthroponymy, the forms of individual and family nomination, and the alliance systems provide critical knowledge regarding genuine principles and categories with explanatory power of anthropology in general. Thereby, I try to clarify some productive ambiguities in the ethnography about the social organization of the Gypsies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Masculinity is culture's effect, a social construction and a performance, more than a universal and immutable essence. The hegemonic masculine model based on rigid gender difference and built on the stereotype of "macho" and male breadwinner, is doubted in the actual society. Contemporary art, as a social agent and as a powerful way of communication, contributes to questioning this model, by proposing new plural forms of masculinities. In this paper we develop a study about man images created in Spanish actual art, through an analysis of the work of local artists' selection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Public spaces represent one of the most visible scenes involved in the process of assimilating immigrants in Spanish towns and cities. The new neighbours use public spaces as an instrument for social networking and finding direction, and in so doing, transform these spaces in various ways. This article analyses this process, which involves the creation of two types of spaces and generate quite distinct dynamics, perceptions and evaluations. Some of these spaces are shared by neighbors from different backgrounds. Others, with large concentrations of immigrants from the same culture and/or national origin, have become ethnified spaces. The central thread of the analysis is the concept of sociability, it is based on research conducted by the author in the city of Valencia and several municipalities of Campo de Cartagena (Murcia, Spain). The paper studies the different strategies employed in the use and appropriation of public spaces by the immigrant communities, in particular the Ecuadorians. It analyses the opinions that arise from these communities regarding the effects the new neighbors have on the local population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]