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The aim of this paper is to examine the effect of economic openness on wage dispersion. To this end, using a fixed effects panel model, we evaluate the impact of exports and foreign direct investment (FDI), as well as productivity and education, on wage dispersion in 14 economic subsectors in Mexico during the period 1999-2021. The main findings show that: i) increasing exports tend to diminish wage dispersion; ii) the flow of FDI seems to increase wage dispersion; iii) productivity and the heterogeneity of the productive network are determining factors in the dynamics of average wages. In this context, it is important to implement a variety of industrial and labour policies to effectively absorb the dynamic advantages associated with economic openness, such as the reduction of wage dispersion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper demonstrates, using a panel data model, that mainly firm-specific (microeconomic) versus macroeconomic variables affect the long-run profitability of a group of banks in Mexico in the pre- and COVID-19 periods. Interbank deposit, deposit rate, bank size, size of non-performing loan portfolio, delinquency, operating expenses, traditional deposit, salary, unemployment, and interest rate have statistical influence on bank profitability, but this relationship changes in the COVID-19 period. These results can be useful in the decisions of the different areas of banks, as well as for the design of public policies aimed at maintaining the stability of the banking system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to present an analysis of the worker-employer conflicts in one of the representative companies of the mining industry in Mexico in the context of the great depression of the world economy of 1929, based on the study of the group's files documentary of the Board of Conciliation and Arbitration belonging to the General Archive of the Nation corresponding to the company ASARCO in the period 1927-1932. The study carried out contributes to broaden the understanding of the way in which the crisis affected the working conditions of mining workers, as well as the way in which the State, through the Conciliation and Arbitration Boards, acted in conflicts between the capital and labor in the context of the crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The General Health Law in Mexico was reformed in 2019. Since that moment the re-centralization began. Part of these process were the following actions: the Health Welfare Institute creation; the Popular Insurance disappearance; the coordination agreements signature between the national and the subtnationals governments, and the medicines consolidated purchase. These actions produced consequences in organizational functioning. Through the staff perception, this paper seeks to investigate these consecuences in a pimary healthcare organization in Nezahualctoyotl, Estado de México. Findings shouw that: 1. Second and third level hospitals were regionalized; 2. Contracts to treat diseases like cancer were eliminated; 3. Less existance of medicines and medical supplies; 4.Staff hired with fixed-term contract were given a regular contract. The re-centralization is usefull to study the health system changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the main axes of the criminal process for adolescents is the application of alternative forms of justice, which are regulated in the National Law of the Comprehensive Criminal Justice System for Adolescents in two forms of alternative solutions: Reparatory Agreement and Conditional Suspension of the Process. In this paper, some reflections are presented as a result of the work carried out between 2021 and 2022 in the areas in charge of applying the Alternative Dispute Resolution Mechanisms in criminal justice for adolescents in Mexico City, the State of Mexico and in Chiapas. Interviews were conducted with the facilitators (in the three entities) and with adolescents who participated in criminal mediation processes (State of Mexico). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Startup have become a very important factor in the global innovation process. Startup have ceased to be an aimless company with high uncertainty. The concept has taken a turn and today these types of firms are young companies founded to develop a unique product or service, bring it to market and make it irresistible and irreplaceable for customers and that are based on innovation, addressing the shortcomings of existing products or creating entirely new categories of goods and services, thereby disrupting ways of thinking and doing business rooted in entire sectors. That is why this paper presents an analysis of the global participation of startup and how in Mexico the Fintech sector has become the favorite of this type of companies. According to IDB (2020), startups are facing the new normal by implementing online activities, such as courses, webinars and support channels (66%). Much less frequent, however, are other actions of greater proximity to entrepreneurs, such as online accompaniment (18%), mentoring (5%) or the management of public support to alleviate the companies (3%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the recent recognition in Mexico in the Federal Labor Law of the right to digital disconnection, as part of teleworking, explaining its scope, objectives and implications; likewise, the limitations of this right are commented, with the support of the doctrine and references of comparative law, in addition to the difficulties for its application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]