The article analyzes an intense controversy in which prominent members of a conservative sector of the Aguascalientes society took part, who manifested themselves through the local press, regarding the fact that in the second courtyard of the Government Palace the Chilean artist Osvaldo Barra Cunningham made, in 1961, the mural painting Aguascalientes en la historia. Some subjects in which the historical evolution of the Catholic Church is represented caused sting in certain sectors of the population, who felt aggrieved for interpreting, that the faith, beliefs and religious sensibilities of Catholics were freely offended. Images of religion captured on the walls of a civic monument, in an atmosphere prior to the Second Vatican Council, is the object of study in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]