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In the workplace, some conditions based on social stereotypes hinder a working woman from accessing the same professional development opportunities as a male; therefore, the purpose of this research paper was to create and validate the Glass Ceiling Scale. An instrumental empirical study was carried out with a non-probabilistic sample of 203 Mexican women who worked during the Covid-19 pandemic. The Exploratory Factor Analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis yielded acceptable fit index values (NFI = .832, TLI = .900, CFI = .918, and RMSEA = .62) and with a reliability coefficient of α = .816. The scale was made up of 15 items in three factors: Overload, Glass Ceiling and Family-Work Balance, with the three-factor model being the ideal structure to measure the construct. Results show evidence that the scale has the due psychometric properties for use in the study population and thereby generate reliable diagnoses that lead to organizational strategies to make visible and eradicate this phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we propose to address the participation of women in the Peronist Resistance between 1955 and 1966 from a gender perspective. The statements given by male activists, tend to show women in a support role and in activities in which they performed traditional gender roles in order to avoid repression. Here, we try to offer a different framework. We consider women's forms of political intervention trying to overcome the anecdotal and romantic tinted lenses of those stories. In order to do this, we will analyze two types of documents. On one hand, interviews with activists about their resistance actions. On the other, ordinary justice's judicial files during the government of the Revolución Libertadora and military court files of the CONINTES Plan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The academic research that includes any reference to Santa Fe's municipal female suffrage is scarce and nominal. In this paper, I propose to outline the routes of women's municipal suffrage in the province of Santa Fe. The central exercise is the visibility in order to answer basic, essential questions: what, who, when, where, how, for what, and why. As hypotheses, we propose that changing the scale from a gender perspective will allow us to see different aspects (Fernández "La historia" 19) and "write a more diverse, heterogeneous history, different from the Argentine nation" (Palermo "La historia" 32), which relativizes the predominant "national fact", including female suffrage's histories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the time of the 20th anniversary of the adoption of United Nations Security Council resolution 1325, this paper conducts a critical analysis of the track record of the international Women, Peace and Security (WPS) agenda. The text retraces the history of the WPS agenda by examining its key features, strengths, gaps and weaknesses. What are the main criticisms made of the series of measures on the WPS agenda and their implementation? Answering this question enables us to glimpse the agenda's major weaknesses, as well as the key challenges for the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gender and women's studies have become more visible in recent years. A tangible advance not only in academic terms, but also at a social and educational level. Although these issues have gained notoriety in our country, we note that this does not affect the same intensity in the educational field. At secondary level, these issues enter preferably from the hand of the Comprehensive Sexual Education Law (Law No. 26,150) although this does not happen systematically. We ask ourselves then about the History that is taught not only in high school, but also at University. Within this framework, we promptly inquire into the entry of these issues within the History Teachers Program at the National University of La Plata. In sum, this is a paper that tries to question which historical subjects regain voice in the teaching of university History and at the same time it presents the curriculum as a cultural, historical and gendered device. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present article analyzes experiences of women in Self-managed work projects in the province of La Pampa. Several papers address the legal and administrative problematic issues that groups of workers face at the time of self managing their work projects. However, little has been said about the additional obstacles faced by women who try to formalize their entrepeneurship, which include gender inequality issues. Our work intends to be a gender-minded contribution, attending the intersection between work and social issues like class, gender and geographical region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is part of a larger research having as the main goal the study of a set of psycho-social, organizational and structural variables that could explain the reduced number of women working in leadership positions. In order to check differences in job status (people of the same gender playing different roles) and gender differences (people of different gender playing the same role), this paper focuses on the predictive power of two psycho-social variables, i.e., values and stereotyped gender traits and five organizational variables, i.e., job satisfaction, identification with the organization, conflicts in the willingness to invest time and effort in getting promoted, and perceived work interference in family life. Thirty five working teams belonging to various organizations in different industries participated in the study. A discriminant analysis was performed. Implications of the study of glass ceiling by means of methods other than the traditional ones and results yielded by this study, are discussed vis-à-vis the access of women to positions of responsibility in organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Feminist frameworks have focused on gender inequality as the fundamental explanatory factor of male violence against women in union. This paper extends the analysis to contributions produced through social research. The approaches studied consider the personal characteristics of victims and aggressors (individual focus), the male-female power relationship within the couple (dyadic focus), and structural and symbolic factors (macro-social focus). An exploration of the respective contributions of these different perspectives shows that they offer only partial, inadequate approaches, given the multidimensional complexity of the problem. The main conclusions recognize that it is necessary to develop multi-level and inter-relational analytical frameworks such as the intersectional paradigm, in order to achieve a better understanding of the connection between gender inequality and male violence against women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to establish the relationship between gender and quality of working life assesment in health professionals in Guadalajara, Mexico. 322 people were sampled in a health institution. The satisfaction related to their quality of working life, was assessed through CVT-GOHISALO instrument. As a result, women dissatisfaction was revealed with opportunities inequality. In addition, sampled women showed through statiscal significance to be more satisfied than men, talking about personal development achieved through work and free time management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to rethink the metropolitan spatial practices not only as forms of reproduction, but also as forms of gender social innovation. The spatial analysis will be done on the basis of daily mobility practices in the everyday spatial experience of women in a popular neighborhood of downtown Mexico City. Practices that express ruptures and continuities, and that are not necessarily significant by their persistence, but by their importance in shaping the everyday life and the construction of an urban collective imaginary that occasionally shows increasing quests for breaking the continuity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the female workers' share in the fruit and vegetable labour market in the district of General Pueyrredon, and its articulation with their domestic work, taking into account the characteristics of the workers' households. In this productive space, the transitional female work done in the intensive vegetable crops, which is practiced in the fields and under cover can be proved, as well as in non-traditional fruit crops. Women participate in basic cultural works, especially, in harvesting and selection, conditioning and packing of fruits and vegetables. It is observed how women develop different strategies in order to make both work and family worlds compatible, without disregarding the responsibilities related to the domestic and reproduction duties that determine their possibilities of labour insertion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we analyze the results of an assessment of the current situation of gender violence in different scenarios, in Sonora, Mexico, based on data from the National Survey on the Dynamics of Household Relation-ships (2006). Violence more frequently reported by women was that of community. Mobbing and bullying occur in smaller proportions. The results suggest the need of expanding areas of analysis in Endireh to enhance its ability to identify violence in different settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In colonial society of eighteenth-century Buenos Aires, there was a series of women who Traditional historiography has not given their rightful place: working women. This study aims to analyze and re-evaluation of these females, there also arises a series of networks of "gender solidarity" among women in need of help, in which working women had a role. This is taken as the standard source that rose in the city of Buenos Aires in 1744; it throws a lot of information to understand this complex phenomenon. There will be a thorough analysis of all models of working women the pattern shows, from different perspectives. These ladies are a very heterogeneous group, as work motivations are very different: for aggregate found, being slaves, etc. But at the same time is to keep track of paper, which together with the work effort of these played the charity and solidarity and support for female survival at this time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the public policies and components of the healthcare system affecting Colombian women with HIV/AIDS. Although there is national interest in controlling the HIV/ AIDS epidemic, current policies are not linked to specific lines of action and do not include a coherent gender approach that can guarantee comprehensive healthcare. HIV/AIDS policies are formulated within the frame of current economic policies and health reform implemented as part of Law 100 of 1993. These policies must be supported by economic plans that make it possible for the most vulnerable population to overcome the conditions of social inequity and by a healthcare system which guarantees complete access to appropriate healthcare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the cases presented here from the end of the XVIIIth century concerning two midwives, one finds the action work of the juridical power as a representatives of medical knowledge used against two who have what might be considered traditional knowledge. These cases have received different historical interpretations. A review of these interpretations, as well as current debates, are exhibited next, followed by a transcription of the papers that compose these judicial pieces. The transcription and publication of these documents is to present to investigators, documents that have not received the proper attention in current historical debates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On December 1999, the UN General Assembly designated November 25 as the International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women. Thus, governments, international and non-governmental organizations were invited to develop activities to raise public awareness about the problem on that day. Since 1981 activist women marked November 25 as the day against violence. This paper pretends to make some reflections about violence against women, considering that this is a political, social, cultural, legal and human rights-related issue, but also a severe public health problem. Mental health researchers and professionals should be aware of the relevance of this phenomenon and its multiple manifestations, including sexual abuse, incest, forced prostitution, and sexual harassment in streets, institutions and domestic contexts as well as violence in intimate relations, rape and femicides. Men are the main perpetrators of these acts against women and girls. For this reason, the problem should be understood from a gender perspective that includes the analysis of power issues. The possibilities of mental health researchers and professionals to contribute to eliminate violence against women are discussed, including the need to review any obstacles which difficult changing beliefs, values, institutions and practices that engender and reproduce violence in women and men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The feminist concern about the city arises from questioning the unequal distribution of spaces and the differential assignment of household and public spheres, by stating that the city scenario is where everyday's life is set up, social processes develop, and women mobility and activities correspond with "feminine" stereotypes, influenced by a male perspective both for the planning and for the prevailing culture. Citizenship originates in the cities, but these present gender unequal patterns, the sharp private from public separation associated with the feminine and the masculine in the metropolis, the spatial structure that hinders use and access in the benefits of the city., the lack of green areas and infrastructure, or the lack of safety, which affect women more deeply. Therefore, the claim for the right to the city in the organizational practices of popular urban women, showing inconsistencies, deficiencies, and weaknesses in the traditional notion of citizenship. This paper shows these contradictions both on a theoretical and a practical basis, because between conflicts and negotiations, freedoms and restrictions, women inhabit and re-inhabit the city everyday, in privileged spaces for the democratic exercise. These topics are examined in this article, where new and old issues involved in the discussion are analyzed in the light of a set of practical fieldwork evidence in popular neighborhoods of the city of Concepcion, Chile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]