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Spain's gradual integration into the European Union through the development of institutions and economic and structural changes is intrinsic to the construction of a pro-European public opinion in which the media have actively participated. Objectives: This research aims to analyse the topics disseminated by the leading Spanish media to detect how the EU is represented in these themes, determine the main, adjacent and counter-discourses and find out the degree of North/South polarisation. Methodology: By content analysis and critical discourse analysis, this paper studies 543 units from the Spanish media El País, El Confidencial, ABC, El Diario.es, RTVE and Antena 3 from July 2021 to March 2022. Discussion and conclusion: Following the methodological application, the results obtained allow us to conclude that the construction of Europeanisation in the Spanish media is constructed about specific issues, and after an in-depth analysis of the energy issue, we can affirm that media coverage is neutral in general terms. Europeanisation is presented from a role with the greater weight of Spain in the common project than in previous historical stages presented in the introduction to this paper. Likewise, there is a certain unanimity in the Spanish media, both in the thematic selection and in the actors who are given a voice in the information, as well as in the pre-European construction of public opinion, regardless of their editorial line. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research paper tackles, from a historical perspective, the travelogue Vivid Spain (1926), written by the Bostonian Joe Mitchell Chapple as a result of his journey throughout Spain. The main aim of this work is to study in detail the vision of this North American traveller across the Peninsula. With this purpose, an analysis of the aforementioned work will be carried out taking into account its form and content, supported by the public opinion and the impact it generated in the American historical press of the time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In November 2020, the Procedure against disinformation was approved in Spain and it provoked an intense reaction on social networks and in the media about the repercussions it could trigger on freedom of expression. To analyze this case study and to observe the confluence of the concern of society and journalism about the informative disorders, a combined methodological approach was designed. First, a multi-stage sample of more than 35,000 tweets with the hashtag #Ministeriodelaverdad has been selected, from which a quantitative and qualitative analysis has been carried out. Second, a content analysis was carried out in the main media in Spain, both press and television (ABC, El Mundo, El País, El Confidencial, El Independiente, Eldiario.es, LaSexta, Telecinco y RTVE. We found that the hashtag was promoted by conservative and anonymous political accounts which - with a greater degree of polarization - led the debate and fed the echo chamber with opinions and audiovisual contents. In the media, the editorial bias determines the acceptance of this measure and the plurality. Little similarity is found between the political sources represented in the media, mainly belonging to the bipartisanship (PP y PSOE) and experts from different areas, and the network, where among those identified there is a total predominance of liberals and far-right. This paper allows us to observe the changes in the construction of the public sphere that social media are inducing and, in the matter of the fight against informative disorders, reflects on the importance of the information media leading the shaping of public opinion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The coronavirus pandemic has a strong scientific content in its media coverage. It represents a great case study to analyze the conflicting relationship between scientists, power and media. This article analyses how the Spanish government used scientific experts in its institutional communication. The survey by the European Council for Foreign Relations (ECFR) points to Spain as one of the countries that least trusts its experts (in the coronavirus crisis). The Oxford Reuters Institute survey states that Spain is the country that trusts scientists the most, but not its government. These are not contradictory. This paper makes a case study of the "State of Alarm" period and tries to go deeper into historical and media causes that may explain why public opinion in Spain does not trust experts related to the government. It also covers failures in the institutional communication strategy that damage the image of the scientist and science. The data is also contextualised in an environment dominated by social networks (Spain was the country where the use of WhatsApp grew most) and the proliferation of fake news and alternative sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discussed the utility and reach of social networks during electoral campaigns. We presented the results of a research that analyzes the use of Twitter by political parties in the legislative elections in Spain December 20th, 2015. Presence of the candidates and political parties during the last month of campaign was quantified, and the quality and quantity of their interactions with their followers was evaluated. The results indicate that Twitter is a good social thermometer, but still it faces a major methodological challenge as a predictive tool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses media coverage of corruption scandals in Spain between 1996 and 2009. The fi rst aim is to determine to what extent the two most-read newspapers in Spain, El País and El Mundo, cover corruption scandals following different political orientations. Results illustrate highly partisan media coverage: there are important differences in how these newspapers cover corruption cases, depending on the political party involved (PP or PSOE). A second goal is to analyse whether the media influence citizens' perception of corruption as a public problem. Results show that, when the number of news stories on political corruption increases, the percentage of citizens that consider corruption as one of the most important problems in Spain also increases. Media impact on public opinion is high and occurs in the short- to mid-term. Finally, the paper analyses to what extent the perception of corruption is influenced by changes in the perception of the economic situation, by showing that this variable has low explanatory power compared to media coverage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the revision of the journalistic coverage given to the conflict caused by the Argentine troops' occupation of the South Atlantic Islands, which ended in an army contend with England, by the two main Spanish newspapers: El Pais and ABC. The paper highlights the implication that this confrontation had for Spain that was at the height of its democratization process. Not only did Spain have a close link with Argentina but it had also experimented a similar conflict in the Rock of Gibraltar. Besides, by the time of the conflict, the Spanish government had started an approaching strategy towards Europe, and was facing one of the first demonstrations against its decision to join the of N.A.T.O. Furthermore, the Argentine dictatorship had become a subject of preferential attention and damnation as a consequence of charges raised against its continuous violations to human rights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through public relations organizations starts a dialogic communication system with the public in their environment, positioning messages through the interactivity with their environment. Traditionally designed from the business sector, they have received little attention from the public administrations as a system through which government manages their relationships with their citizens. Thus, from the perspective of organizational communication, this paper analyzes how the regulations of honors and distinctions awarded by the Spanish publics administrations, stand as a bidirectional communication system that allows the state to position certain related messages exaltation of certain values prevailing in each historical context, previously identified as interesting for public opinion. To accomplish the main objective of this study, it is selected as a case of study the award regulations of honors of the Diputación de Sevilla to demonstrate that history, and law enforcement tell of honors and distinctions extolling values should be referenced for the society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the evolution of the presence in Spain of Euthanasia as a media phenomenon since the 1990's to this day, with a special focus into some cases that have attracted special attention. Against this background, the author points out some errors and ethical mistakes in the media approach to euthanasia. Finally, it enumerates some criteria and offers proposals and recommendations to improve media coverage of this controversial subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on analysis of public opinion towards European integration in Greece, Portugal and Spain, countries known for their positive attitudes toward integration. In particular, the article analyses how public attitudes towards Europe have been formed in these countries. Secondly, it examines the determining factors of citizens' positive attitudes toward integration and shows the types of variables that are essential to understanding the differences between Greeks, Spaniards and the Portuguese. It also examines traditional euro-optimism in these southern countries. The findings show the relevance of identity and the various impacts of party platforms and ideology in attitudes of support for European integration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses the dimensions of the support given by Spaniards to the European Union (EU). In order to do this, the main theoretical approaches that exist tor explaining European public opinion, which are based on affective, utilitarian and national political factors, have been taken into account. The three theoretical viewpoints are tested, independently and jointly, through various regression analyses in order to find out which are the elements that most influence the Europeanism of Spaniards. Our research shows that the perception of the economic and social benefits that community integration carries with it continues to be the main dimension for explaining the favourable attitudes shown by Spaniards towards the EU. However, affective aspects, such as confidence in European institutions and identification with Europe, are also highly relevant. The political factors are of secondary importance, but it can be seen that satisfaction with the performance of national democracy is related to the integration of citizens into the European political system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

University administration has been the object of recent debate in Spain. However, public opinion normally leaves out the fact that universities are partially self-administered. In this paper, we do a theoretical contribution to the debate, making first a comparison between two managerial organizations, the capitalist and the self-managed; secondly analyzing the particular case of an organization typically self-managed, university; finally supplying comparative elements of analysis between Spanish university and foreign universities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to public opinion the increasing number of foreign population has became one of the most problematic issues in the last decade. Since 2005 immigration is the second biggest concern for Spaniards after unemployment and followed by terrorism. It is has became a state issue and a central government worry of utmost importance. The media coverage given to immigration is very important, specifically the way in which it is approached and presented to the readers. This paper shows the different perspectives or frames used by two key nationwide Spanish newspapers, El País y El Mundo, to cover one of the migration crises that took place in the Canary Islands in spring 2006. Following Framing theory, media content has been analyzed using variables to show the different ways in which these media depict the phenomenon of migration and the approach which each newspaper follows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]