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The research analyzes the Twitter network made up of users and their interactions during the Conference of the Parties (COP) COP15 held in Montreal from December 7 to 19, 2022. The main objective is to measure the characteristics of the network and identify the key players in the conversation and the main topics addressed. We also sought to recognize if there was any relationship between the format of the messages and the level of engagement. To carry out the analysis, we used a methodology that combined quantitative and qualitative social network analysis techniques. The results suggest that communication through Twitter was a key factor in the successful mobilization of the environmental movement during COP15 and in raising awareness of the need to take concrete actions to address climate change. Likewise, the highest engagement was generated by mostly critical and urgent messages, focused on the need to take concrete action to address the biodiversity and climate change crisis. This reflects a separation between the activism reflected in the network and the scientific and political leadership present at the Summit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the emergence of the first Canarian environmental associations at the end of Franco's regime. Starting with a general description of environmental policies during the dictatorship, the article then hones in on the role of the sociable, scientifico-naturalist experiences afforded by mountaineering groups, which in turn gave rise to a certain kind of environmental association in the Canary Islands. Furthermore, the article describes the organizational forms, the themes, the repertoires of action and the main environmental conflicts in which such groups participated, assessing their role as precursors of the new environmental movement that emerged during the transition to democracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on experiences of participation by civil society actors, we propose to develop a diagnosis of the relationship between society and the State in policies of adaptation to climate change in Acapulco, Guerrero. The information was collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews. The information was coded and categorized by identifying one or more text passages with a theme and relating it to a code. We found a fragmentation of agendas and mechanisms for public action by civil actors in a political environment characterized by a sub-national authoritarianism that prevents the construction of dissident political agendas, and a lack of specialized knowledge about the problem of climate change by local activists. For climate science information to be assimilated, it must actively communicate in the appropriate language, seeking participatory mechanisms that generate reliable and transparent data production, and that strengthen the emergence of a common environmentalist agenda. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective/Context: This article explains how the Sierra de La Macarena Biological Reserve, which marked the beginning of the new state responsibility of caring for nature in Colombia, was conceived and then created by law in 1948. Additionally, this paper reconstructs the first decade of its existence. Methodology: This research is based on archival documents, historic publications and secondary sources, which allow us to understand the ideas about nature that guided such history and the concrete processes that characterized it. Originality: This article studies the process of State formation from a territorial and environmental perspective, bringing together political and environmental history, and pointing at new avenues of inquiry in both fields. Conclusions: The beginnings of a new state responsibility of caring for nature depended on previous developments of the state itself, particularly on the efforts to deal with tropical diseases. Therefore, an area of state activity devoted to insure the well-being of the population served as the basis for the inceptive development of another. This issue was, however, not entirely national. Global scientific networks, including medical doctors, entomologists and geologists, together with an innovative technology, aviation, also played a crucial role. The research station that was conceived along with the reserve to support long-term research was partly impaired by La Violencia of the 1950s. Instead, scientists carried out several expeditions that contributed to turn La Macarena into national patrimony, at least in the minds of some Colombians. Given that aspirations well exceeded the achievements, the definitive emergence of this area of state performance had to wait a few years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Public policies formulated to confront the ecological and social equity crises of development have had little impact. Recently, several disciplines have converged on the socioecosystem (ses) concept as an ideal theoretical framework for managing integrated social and natural systems for their sustainable development, and its rapid incorporation into environmental public policy is sought. A consultation was undertaken to gauge the expert opinion of Mexico's federal environment sector officials with regard to the ses approach and its potential as a new basis for public policy. The results demonstrate that although the experts are unfamiliar with the ses approach, they value the policy attributes which characterize it, indicating that if these were fully incorporated into current policies, they could help correct their deficiencies. A majority of experts consider the more integral ses approach offers advantages, and it is concluded that these key actors are receptive to the approach and its possible adoption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present work analyzes the operation rules of eight environmental public policy programs applied in the conservation land of Mexico City in order to demonstrate the contradictions that they present, and thus to verify that there is institutional dysfunctionality, which can lead to potential environmental impact. The analytical framework is institutional analysis and development, and methodologically, it uses three stages: a) revision of the operation rules, b) the presentation of analysis criteria with assigned ranges, and c) the construction of multidimensional graphs; showing the index of institutional dysfunctionality in a horizontal and vertical way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cuba has been hit since three years ago by a severe drought that has affected most of the country's municipalities. Response strategies should implement information and communication processes that favor efficiency, articulation, knowledge management and citizen participation. In an approach to community strategies to overcome this situation, the communication and information practices that underlie drought management in selected localities are described. The study was conducted from an interdisciplinary approach between the information and communication sciences. Among the findings, there are strong differences between the infocommunicational activity of community self-organization and the activities of water management actors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to elaborate a strategy of prevention-mitigation-preparation in the floods caused by the overflow of the River Buey due to the occurrence of intensive rains in the municipality Yara (Granma province). The methodologies used were based on the historical-trend analysis of the main elements of the study area, systematic and participatory scientific observation, statistical analysis, and the evaluation of risk, vulnerability and hazard studies. These elements served as a basis for designing a strategy based on forestry, land use and environmental education guidelines, mainly aimed at the conservation of non-structural means affected by floods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within the agenda of some national governments, emphasis has been placed on the importance of combating climate change and protecting natural resources, which is why they have developed state policies that allow greater control over these resources and ensure their preservation and watch out. These policies have considered it viable that such protection can be encouraged through the economic investment of private actors (banks, NGO, environmental entities, among others). However, by inserting the conservation of natural resources in cost-benefit logic, it generates that dynamics of hoarding are developed where the people with greater purchasing power decide how and in what form these resources are used. By thinking of the local population as a predator that only draws resources from its surroundings, the historical relationship of this with nature, where sensory and material ele-ments have been created and strengthened, is unknown. The municipality of Guasca is not alien to these policies of environmental conservation and although they may be designed to protect nature, tend to ignore the people who for many years have lived with this (peasants and local people). It is also contradictory that those who develop these policies often pretend to give simultaneous uses to nature so they are opposed. In this way we can observe places in Guasca that are projected (by territorial entities, environmental corporations and private entities) for the conservation of water sources, fauna and flora simultaneously with mining- energy extractive projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Decentralization of environmental management implies the transfer of power and responsibilities at the local level. Although there are bibliographic reviews dealing with decentralization and the environment, there is a gap in the specific case of Latin America. Through the Systematic Quantitative Literature Review technique, we observed that the literature patterns reveal territorial and thematic imbalances in the analysis. Said results correspond to a majority of studies that have focused on Bolivia and Brazil. These approaches, their focus on decentralization of forest management and their dissimilar result-which are within the domain of Anglo-Saxon academics-depended, in turn, on the country being reviewed and the disciplinary approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this paper is to analyze how despite the economic and political structural differences of the Latin American countries, the common denominator of these economies is its dependence with the global economy as producers of primary goods. This exploitation of raw materials, called neoextractivista model, carries from its own origin hoarding of land, deportation or displacement of rural communities, establishing then, for natural consequences, a spiral of criminalization and repression of resistance by territorial disputes and divergent values around them, in a context of great power asymmetry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transformation of the organizational processes and institutions was analyzed in a context of the bird watching tourism (American Flamingo -Phoenicopterus ruber) and the establishment of the Biosphere Reserve Ria Lagartos (RBRL). A perspective of collective action was used, and quantitative and qualitative approach to analyze the effects that tourism generates in communities living within protected areas. The results reveal a weakening of local organizations to give priority to the institutionalization imposed by external actors has caused new problems with negative consequences for conservation. In Rio Lagartos there is a social base that can enable collaboration among social actors, but it requires collective action mechanisms that improve social organization and local institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The following work seeks to review some of the criteria for interpretation of the Environmental Enforcement Tribunal of the OEFA- Organismo de Evaluación y Fiscalización Ambiental, with respect to environmental responsibility, environmental damage, testing and others aspects that holders of mining titles face in the sanctioning administrative procedures for which this authority is responsible. The paper also considers that these criteria are not confined to the administrative authority, but are reviewed by the judicial system, and are used to determine legal actions and specialized hearings concerning environmental issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Modern society has been saturated by countless environmental conflicts that cause a flagrant violation of human rights. This article focuses on Interinstitutional Environmental Agendas as an appropriate instrument for the resolution of such conflicts through the construction of agreements between the stakeholders involved. Based on theoretical considerations and analysis of the implementation of an interinstitutional environmental agenda in an area of paramo located in the township of Soacha (Cundinamarca), the purpose is to provide methodological and conceptual elements and propose steps that should be considered for the implementation and execution of this instrument. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The settlement of Puerto de Boniato, in the region of Santiago de Cuba, presents a scenic site. Yet, in recent years the area's environmental qualities have deteriorated, especially those of its natural landscape, something which has affected the quality of life of the inhabitants as well as the influx of tourists to the existing recreation center. This study is based on a diagnosis and evaluation ofthe area's environmental qualities and the potential of its rural landscape for tourism, with a view to proposing a strategy for sustainable environmental management. It draws up a preliminary proposal for the environmental management of the settlement concerned and its surroundings. The preliminary design scheme proposed here has been based on a consideration of the concepts of environment, sustainability and environmental quality, with the aim of improving the quality of life of the settlement's rural inhabitants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El artículo presenta un editorial en el que el autor comenta sobre la causa de la sostenibilidad ambiental. Discurre sobre la relación entre el medio ambiente y los seres humanos y describe la implementación de políticas asociadas con la protección del ambiente. También se considera el desarrollo sustentable, la educación y el conocimiento técnico.