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Nature-based tourism has been gaining momentum over the last decades, with special development in protected areas as the main destinations; mostly after the pandemic and within the new dynamics caused by the crises. This paper focuses on Spain as a case study. It provides a state of the art and analyses some of the post-pandemic recovery policies materialised, in this case, in tourism sustainability plans for the creation of supply around high-value natural areas. The risks derived from the adoption of regrowth measures make some considerations necessary. Also, the proposal of alternatives for the promotion of recreational practices linked to different conservation instruments, as well as the proposal of actions within the tourism containment and degrowth frameworks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Community Based Tourism (CBT) has been proposed as an effective instrument to contribute to the conservation of natural areas and the sustainability of rural and indigenous economies. However, risks that may increase the vulnerability of host societies have also been identified. These critical analyses have focused on economic, socio-cultural or environmental impact. The role of the local population in the design and implementation of tourism proposals has not generated as much interest. This article asks under what conditions participatory processes allow CBT projects to assume the interests and desires of the local population, or when they are only an empty exercise aimed at legitimizing the objectives of funding agencies. The analysis of an ethnographic case (Valle de Manduriacos, Ecuador) finds that participatory processes work when two factors are present. On the one hand - as the literature on participatory processes states - when the local population has social capital and solid organizational structures. But also when they know how the sector of intervention works - the tourism sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research proposes a methodology with a structural, participatory, flexible and dynamic character, for the design of sustainable theme parks preferably in protected natural areas adapted to the conditions of the Cuban destinaty. Theoretical methods such as systemic - structural - functional, analytical - synthetic, logical - historical, induction - deduction and modeling and empirical methods such as expert criteria and content analysis were used in the research. The methodology has three phases and six stages that allow establishing guidelines for the correct design of nature theme parks through the coherent integration of different methodologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Protected natural areas seem to be the preferred space for tourist's activities. With concepts of sustainability, they try to improve the living conditions of rural and indigenous communities, promoting development and protecting nature. However, in reality it proves that the objective has not been fulfilled in the expected way, maintaining and increasing social and environmental degradation. This article's objective is to show the critical perspectives regarding the study of tourism in said spaces, analyzing articles and book chapters published during 2015-2021. The main results shows that the current crises are the result of maintaining the capitalist system, seeing as protected areas and tourist activities are promoted in mercantilist terms under the idea of neoliberal conservation. All facilitated by policies configuration that allows arrival and formation of capital in the rural-natural environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Natural Protected Areas (NPAs) are areas to be conserved because of their capacity to generate goods and services that benefit the whole population. The anthropic pressure produced by the increase in socio-recreational activities in these areas creates the need to implement measures for their management and conservation. The objective of this work is to economically evaluate the social preferences of the management measures in a NPAs of the Segura river and its surroundings as it passes through Cieza (Region of Murcia, Spain), which has been suffering from a high and growing anthropic pressure. A representative survey of the population of the region where this space is located shows the high acceptance of the new management measures proposed for it. Within these measures, grouped according to the three main sustainability areas (social, economic and environmental), the population shows a greater preference for those of an economic and environmental nature applied in the mountainous area of the NPA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Protected natural areas are one of the most demanded resources from the tourist point of view. This research analyses the cause-effect relationships that the declaration of Monfragüe as a Biosphere Reserve and National Park has had on the demographic, economic and touristbehaviour of the territory it encompasses. From a qualitative methodology, supported by the analysis of statistical sources, it is concluded that the expectations placed in tourism have not managed to halt depopulation or promote economic diversification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]